Data / Rankings / Nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance / US states

US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance

California had the highest nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance of 51 states in 2020, at 265,228. Wyoming had the lowest, at 3,304. The median was 23,159 and the figure for the United States was 2.01 million. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest265,228California
Lowest3,304Wyoming
Median23,15951 states
United States2,008,189History

Map of states, 2020

Alabama: 23,159 countAlaska: 3,398 countArizona: 40,578 countArkansas: 17,130 countCalifornia: 265,228 countColorado: 36,553 countConnecticut: 25,180 countDelaware: 4,696 countDistrict of Columbia: 4,257 countFlorida: 215,977 countGeorgia: 70,318 countHawaii: 8,316 countIdaho: 9,740 countIllinois: 77,836 countIndiana: 27,745 countIowa: 17,346 countKansas: 14,564 countKentucky: 19,410 countLouisiana: 33,817 countMaine: 7,904 countMaryland: 52,525 countMassachusetts: 41,574 countMichigan: 57,863 countMinnesota: 27,741 countMississippi: 19,562 countMissouri: 27,823 countMontana: 5,599 countNebraska: 11,310 countNevada: 18,287 countNew Hampshire: 6,496 countNew Jersey: 55,996 countNew Mexico: 11,689 countNew York: 147,266 countNorth Carolina: 54,502 countNorth Dakota: 4,401 countOhio: 61,025 countOklahoma: 18,586 countOregon: 24,551 countPennsylvania: 60,894 countRhode Island: 5,910 countSouth Carolina: 25,365 countSouth Dakota: 4,626 countTennessee: 37,284 countTexas: 171,956 countUtah: 14,226 countVermont: 4,926 countVirginia: 46,751 countWashington: 34,435 countWest Virginia: 6,488 countWisconsin: 22,076 countWyoming: 3,304 count
  • Under 6,000
  • 6,000 to 14K
  • 14K to 23K
  • 23K to 35K
  • 35K to 57K
  • 57K and over
count, 2020. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2020

California: 265,228 countCalifornia265,228Florida: 215,977 countFlorida215,977Texas: 171,956 countTexas171,956New York: 147,266 countNew York147,266Illinois: 77,836 countIllinois77,836Georgia: 70,318 countGeorgia70,318Ohio: 61,025 countOhio61,025Pennsylvania: 60,894 countPennsylvania60,894Michigan: 57,863 countMichigan57,863New Jersey: 55,996 countNew Jersey55,996North Carolina: 54,502 countNorth Carolina54,502Maryland: 52,525 countMaryland52,525Virginia: 46,751 countVirginia46,751Massachusetts: 41,574 countMassachusetts41,574Arizona: 40,578 countArizona40,578Tennessee: 37,284 countTennessee37,284Colorado: 36,553 countColorado36,553Washington: 34,435 countWashington34,435Louisiana: 33,817 countLouisiana33,817Missouri: 27,823 countMissouri27,823Indiana: 27,745 countIndiana27,745Minnesota: 27,741 countMinnesota27,741South Carolina: 25,365 countSouth Carolina25,365Connecticut: 25,180 countConnecticut25,180Oregon: 24,551 countOregon24,551Alabama: 23,159 countAlabama23,159Wisconsin: 22,076 countWisconsin22,076Mississippi: 19,562 countMississippi19,562Kentucky: 19,410 countKentucky19,410Oklahoma: 18,586 countOklahoma18,586Nevada: 18,287 countNevada18,287Iowa: 17,346 countIowa17,346Arkansas: 17,130 countArkansas17,130Kansas: 14,564 countKansas14,564Utah: 14,226 countUtah14,226New Mexico: 11,689 countNew Mexico11,689Nebraska: 11,310 countNebraska11,310Idaho: 9,740 countIdaho9,740Hawaii: 8,316 countHawaii8,316Maine: 7,904 countMaine7,904New Hampshire: 6,496 countNew Hampshire6,496West Virginia: 6,488 countWest Virginia6,488Rhode Island: 5,910 countRhode Island5,910Montana: 5,599 countMontana5,599Vermont: 4,926 countVermont4,926Delaware: 4,696 countDelaware4,696South Dakota: 4,626 countSouth Dakota4,626North Dakota: 4,401 countNorth Dakota4,401District of Columbia: 4,257 countDistrict of Columbia4,257Alaska: 3,398 countAlaska3,398Wyoming: 3,304 countWyoming3,304California: 265,228 countCalifornia265,228Florida: 215,977 countFlorida215,977Texas: 171,956 countTexas171,956New York: 147,266 countNew York147,266Illinois: 77,836 countIllinois77,836Georgia: 70,318 countGeorgia70,318Ohio: 61,025 countOhio61,025Pennsylvania: 60,894 countPennsylvania60,894Michigan: 57,863 countMichigan57,863New Jersey: 55,996 countNew Jersey55,996North Carolina: 54,502 countNorth Carolina54,502Maryland: 52,525 countMaryland52,525Virginia: 46,751 countVirginia46,751Massachusetts: 41,574 countMassachusetts41,574Arizona: 40,578 countArizona40,578Tennessee: 37,284 countTennessee37,284Colorado: 36,553 countColorado36,553Washington: 34,435 countWashington34,435Louisiana: 33,817 countLouisiana33,817Missouri: 27,823 countMissouri27,823Indiana: 27,745 countIndiana27,745Minnesota: 27,741 countMinnesota27,741South Carolina: 25,365 countSouth Carolina25,365Connecticut: 25,180 countConnecticut25,180Oregon: 24,551 countOregon24,551Alabama: 23,159 countAlabama23,159Wisconsin: 22,076 countWisconsin22,076Mississippi: 19,562 countMississippi19,562Kentucky: 19,410 countKentucky19,410Oklahoma: 18,586 countOklahoma18,586Nevada: 18,287 countNevada18,287Iowa: 17,346 countIowa17,346Arkansas: 17,130 countArkansas17,130Kansas: 14,564 countKansas14,564Utah: 14,226 countUtah14,226New Mexico: 11,689 countNew Mexico11,689Nebraska: 11,310 countNebraska11,310Idaho: 9,740 countIdaho9,740Hawaii: 8,316 countHawaii8,316Maine: 7,904 countMaine7,904New Hampshire: 6,496 countNew Hampshire6,496West Virginia: 6,488 countWest Virginia6,488Rhode Island: 5,910 countRhode Island5,910Montana: 5,599 countMontana5,599Vermont: 4,926 countVermont4,926Delaware: 4,696 countDelaware4,696South Dakota: 4,626 countSouth Dakota4,626North Dakota: 4,401 countNorth Dakota4,401District of Columbia: 4,257 countDistrict of Columbia4,257Alaska: 3,398 countAlaska3,398Wyoming: 3,304 countWyoming3,304
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2020
count		Change on 2019
1California265,228-3.2%
2Florida215,977+4.7%
3Texas171,956-3%
4New York147,266-5.3%
5Illinois77,836-4%
6Georgia70,318-2.7%
7Ohio61,025-6.1%
8Pennsylvania60,894-5.8%
9Michigan57,863-7.2%
10New Jersey55,996-2.8%
11North Carolina54,502-2.5%
12Maryland52,525-0.4%
13Virginia46,751-1.2%
14Massachusetts41,574-1.4%
15Arizona40,578-2.9%
16Tennessee37,284-3.1%
17Colorado36,553-0.7%
18Washington34,435-0.8%
19Louisiana33,817-8.6%
20Missouri27,823-2.4%
21Indiana27,745-2.9%
22Minnesota27,741-3.6%
23South Carolina25,365-4%
24Connecticut25,180-2.3%
25Oregon24,551-0.9%
26Alabama23,159-5.3%
27Wisconsin22,076-2.2%
28Mississippi19,562-14%
29Kentucky19,410-3.1%
30Oklahoma18,586-1%
31Nevada18,287-0.8%
32Iowa17,346-3.2%
33Arkansas17,130-4%
34Kansas14,564-2.1%
35Utah14,226+0.2%
36New Mexico11,689+0.3%
37Nebraska11,310-2.6%
38Idaho9,740+0.4%
39Hawaii8,316-3.8%
40Maine7,904-0.8%
41New Hampshire6,496+1.6%
42West Virginia6,488-4.3%
43Rhode Island5,910-3.4%
44Montana5,599-0.9%
45Vermont4,926-0.6%
46Delaware4,696+1.3%
47South Dakota4,626-2.4%
48North Dakota4,401-7.7%
49District of Columbia4,257-3.7%
50Alaska3,398-5.3%
51Wyoming3,304-4.5%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2023). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2020) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2020. U.S. Census Bureau, 17 Aug. 2023, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2020. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2023. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2020. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2020.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2023) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2020 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2020 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2020,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2020}},
  year = {2023},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2020. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2020
PY  - 2023
DA  - 2023/08/17
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2020
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2020.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2020/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance?

California, with 265,228 in 2020, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance?

Wyoming, with 3,304 in 2020.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings