US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance

California had the highest nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance of 51 states in 2018, at 277,376. Alaska had the lowest, at 3,557. The median was 24,404 and the figure for the United States was 2.07 million. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest277,376California

Lowest3,557Alaska

Median24,40451 states

United States2,071,125History

Map of states, 2018

Under 6,000
6,000 to 15K
15K to 24K
24K to 37K
37K to 62K
62K and over

count, 2018. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2018

count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2018 count	Change on 2017
1	California Series break	277,376	+6.3%
2	Florida Series break	203,416	+10.2%
3	Texas Series break	174,288	+8.8%
4	New York Series break	160,178	+3.9%
5	Illinois Series break	84,088	+3.2%
6	Georgia Series break	71,717	+8.5%
7	Ohio Series break	65,468	+5%
8	Pennsylvania Series break	65,295	+5.7%
9	Michigan Series break	63,550	+4.3%
10	New Jersey Series break	57,470	+7.1%
11	North Carolina Series break	55,582	+8.9%
12	Maryland Series break	52,672	+4.7%
13	Virginia Series break	47,576	+8.8%
14	Massachusetts Series break	43,119	+4.6%
15	Arizona Series break	40,286	+9%
16	Tennessee Series break	38,857	+9.7%
17	Louisiana Series break	37,609	+7.8%
18	Colorado Series break	36,115	+8.6%
19	Washington Series break	34,700	+6.4%
20	Minnesota Series break	29,688	+3.4%
21	Missouri Series break	29,154	+5.8%
22	Indiana Series break	28,661	+6.5%
23	South Carolina Series break	26,118	+8.2%
24	Connecticut Series break	25,859	+5.9%
25	Oregon Series break	24,675	+3.6%
26	Alabama Series break	24,404	+7.6%
27	Wisconsin Series break	22,865	+5.2%
28	Mississippi Series break	22,439	+9%
29	Kentucky Series break	20,106	+9.6%
30	Oklahoma Series break	19,093	+6.5%
31	Iowa Series break	18,464	+1.7%
32	Nevada Series break	17,627	+10.6%
33	Arkansas Series break	17,342	+9.8%
34	Kansas Series break	15,338	+1.8%
35	Utah Series break	13,942	+7.5%
36	Nebraska Series break	11,916	+3.2%
37	New Mexico Series break	11,723	+4.4%
38	Idaho Series break	9,390	+5.5%
39	Hawaii Series break	8,516	+6.9%
40	Maine Series break	8,017	+6.2%
41	West Virginia Series break	7,216	+3.4%
42	New Hampshire Series break	6,513	+5.9%
43	Rhode Island Series break	6,185	+7.3%
44	Montana Series break	5,509	+5.8%
45	Vermont Series break	4,994	+4.5%
46	South Dakota Series break	4,896	+2.9%
47	North Dakota Series break	4,839	+1.7%
48	District of Columbia Series break	4,649	+8%
49	Delaware Series break	4,473	+6.1%
50	Wyoming Series break	3,595	+4.7%
51	Alaska Series break	3,557	+4.3%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2020). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2018) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2018. U.S. Census Bureau, 21 May 2020, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2018. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2020. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2018. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2018.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2020) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2018 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2018 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2018,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2018}},
  year = {2020},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2018. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance, 2018
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/05/21
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2018
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-health-care/us-states?period=2018.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance?

California, with 277,376 in 2018, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: health care and social assistance?

Alaska, with 3,557 in 2018.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), health care and social assistance (NAICS 62), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.