Data / Rankings / Nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance / US states

US states by nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance

California had the highest nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance of 51 states in 2021, at 90,273. Vermont had the lowest, at 925. The median was 9,609 and the figure for the United States was 760,888. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest90,273California
Lowest925Vermont
Median9,60951 states
United States760,888History

Map of states, 2021

Alabama: 8,782 countAlaska: 1,149 countArizona: 15,283 countArkansas: 6,135 countCalifornia: 90,273 countColorado: 17,053 countConnecticut: 10,512 countDelaware: 3,195 countDistrict of Columbia: 1,052 countFlorida: 81,108 countGeorgia: 24,778 countHawaii: 3,108 countIdaho: 4,048 countIllinois: 28,033 countIndiana: 11,635 countIowa: 7,128 countKansas: 7,271 countKentucky: 6,992 countLouisiana: 10,468 countMaine: 1,873 countMaryland: 11,852 countMassachusetts: 14,461 countMichigan: 17,760 countMinnesota: 12,217 countMississippi: 6,522 countMissouri: 13,354 countMontana: 2,197 countNebraska: 5,341 countNevada: 8,659 countNew Hampshire: 2,588 countNew Jersey: 23,356 countNew Mexico: 2,893 countNew York: 50,270 countNorth Carolina: 21,138 countNorth Dakota: 2,236 countOhio: 21,581 countOklahoma: 9,184 countOregon: 6,034 countPennsylvania: 25,201 countRhode Island: 1,984 countSouth Carolina: 11,259 countSouth Dakota: 2,914 countTennessee: 14,826 countTexas: 80,937 countUtah: 9,609 countVermont: 925 countVirginia: 14,923 countWashington: 11,848 countWest Virginia: 2,011 countWisconsin: 10,780 countWyoming: 2,152 count
  • Under 2,400
  • 2,400 to 6,100
  • 6,100 to 9,600
  • 9,600 to 13K
  • 13K to 21K
  • 21K and over
count, 2021. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2021

California: 90,273 countCalifornia90,273Florida: 81,108 countFlorida81,108Texas: 80,937 countTexas80,937New York: 50,270 countNew York50,270Illinois: 28,033 countIllinois28,033Pennsylvania: 25,201 countPennsylvania25,201Georgia: 24,778 countGeorgia24,778New Jersey: 23,356 countNew Jersey23,356Ohio: 21,581 countOhio21,581North Carolina: 21,138 countNorth Carolina21,138Michigan: 17,760 countMichigan17,760Colorado: 17,053 countColorado17,053Arizona: 15,283 countArizona15,283Virginia: 14,923 countVirginia14,923Tennessee: 14,826 countTennessee14,826Massachusetts: 14,461 countMassachusetts14,461Missouri: 13,354 countMissouri13,354Minnesota: 12,217 countMinnesota12,217Maryland: 11,852 countMaryland11,852Washington: 11,848 countWashington11,848Indiana: 11,635 countIndiana11,635South Carolina: 11,259 countSouth Carolina11,259Wisconsin: 10,780 countWisconsin10,780Connecticut: 10,512 countConnecticut10,512Louisiana: 10,468 countLouisiana10,468Utah: 9,609 countUtah9,609Oklahoma: 9,184 countOklahoma9,184Alabama: 8,782 countAlabama8,782Nevada: 8,659 countNevada8,659Kansas: 7,271 countKansas7,271Iowa: 7,128 countIowa7,128Kentucky: 6,992 countKentucky6,992Mississippi: 6,522 countMississippi6,522Arkansas: 6,135 countArkansas6,135Oregon: 6,034 countOregon6,034Nebraska: 5,341 countNebraska5,341Idaho: 4,048 countIdaho4,048Delaware: 3,195 countDelaware3,195Hawaii: 3,108 countHawaii3,108South Dakota: 2,914 countSouth Dakota2,914New Mexico: 2,893 countNew Mexico2,893New Hampshire: 2,588 countNew Hampshire2,588North Dakota: 2,236 countNorth Dakota2,236Montana: 2,197 countMontana2,197Wyoming: 2,152 countWyoming2,152West Virginia: 2,011 countWest Virginia2,011Rhode Island: 1,984 countRhode Island1,984Maine: 1,873 countMaine1,873Alaska: 1,149 countAlaska1,149District of Columbia: 1,052 countDistrict of Columbia1,052Vermont: 925 countVermont925California: 90,273 countCalifornia90,273Florida: 81,108 countFlorida81,108Texas: 80,937 countTexas80,937New York: 50,270 countNew York50,270Illinois: 28,033 countIllinois28,033Pennsylvania: 25,201 countPennsylvania25,201Georgia: 24,778 countGeorgia24,778New Jersey: 23,356 countNew Jersey23,356Ohio: 21,581 countOhio21,581North Carolina: 21,138 countNorth Carolina21,138Michigan: 17,760 countMichigan17,760Colorado: 17,053 countColorado17,053Arizona: 15,283 countArizona15,283Virginia: 14,923 countVirginia14,923Tennessee: 14,826 countTennessee14,826Massachusetts: 14,461 countMassachusetts14,461Missouri: 13,354 countMissouri13,354Minnesota: 12,217 countMinnesota12,217Maryland: 11,852 countMaryland11,852Washington: 11,848 countWashington11,848Indiana: 11,635 countIndiana11,635South Carolina: 11,259 countSouth Carolina11,259Wisconsin: 10,780 countWisconsin10,780Connecticut: 10,512 countConnecticut10,512Louisiana: 10,468 countLouisiana10,468Utah: 9,609 countUtah9,609Oklahoma: 9,184 countOklahoma9,184Alabama: 8,782 countAlabama8,782Nevada: 8,659 countNevada8,659Kansas: 7,271 countKansas7,271Iowa: 7,128 countIowa7,128Kentucky: 6,992 countKentucky6,992Mississippi: 6,522 countMississippi6,522Arkansas: 6,135 countArkansas6,135Oregon: 6,034 countOregon6,034Nebraska: 5,341 countNebraska5,341Idaho: 4,048 countIdaho4,048Delaware: 3,195 countDelaware3,195Hawaii: 3,108 countHawaii3,108South Dakota: 2,914 countSouth Dakota2,914New Mexico: 2,893 countNew Mexico2,893New Hampshire: 2,588 countNew Hampshire2,588North Dakota: 2,236 countNorth Dakota2,236Montana: 2,197 countMontana2,197Wyoming: 2,152 countWyoming2,152West Virginia: 2,011 countWest Virginia2,011Rhode Island: 1,984 countRhode Island1,984Maine: 1,873 countMaine1,873Alaska: 1,149 countAlaska1,149District of Columbia: 1,052 countDistrict of Columbia1,052Vermont: 925 countVermont925
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2021
count		Change on 2020
1California90,273+1%
2Florida81,108+0.2%
3Texas80,937-5.3%
4New York50,270-2.4%
5Illinois28,033-1.2%
6Pennsylvania25,201+1.2%
7Georgia24,778+2.3%
8New Jersey23,356-0.3%
9Ohio21,581-2.7%
10North Carolina21,138+1.2%
11Michigan17,760+1%
12Colorado17,053+13%
13Arizona15,283+2.3%
14Virginia14,923+2.8%
15Tennessee14,826+3.3%
16Massachusetts14,461+1.5%
17Missouri13,354+0.9%
18Minnesota12,217+1.4%
19Maryland11,852+0.6%
20Washington11,848+5.4%
21Indiana11,635+0.3%
22South Carolina11,259-0.4%
23Wisconsin10,780+0.1%
24Connecticut10,512-0.2%
25Louisiana10,468+3.8%
26Utah9,609+2.1%
27Oklahoma9,184+2.6%
28Alabama8,782+2.9%
29Nevada8,659+2.1%
30Kansas7,271+1.6%
31Iowa7,128-0.4%
32Kentucky6,992+0.1%
33Mississippi6,522-0.3%
34Arkansas6,135+0.8%
35Oregon6,034+1.2%
36Nebraska5,341+1.6%
37Idaho4,048+3.6%
38Delaware3,195-1.9%
39Hawaii3,108+2.1%
40South Dakota2,914+2.6%
41New Mexico2,893+0.6%
42New Hampshire2,588+4.8%
43North Dakota2,236+3.1%
44Montana2,197+4.2%
45Wyoming2,152+8.4%
46West Virginia2,011+5.1%
47Rhode Island1,984+0.4%
48Maine1,873+2.2%
49Alaska1,149+40.5%
50District of Columbia1,052+2.8%
51Vermont925+6.3%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in finance and insurance (NAICS 52), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2024). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance, 2021) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance, 2021. U.S. Census Bureau, 14 Mar. 2024, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-finance-insurance/us-states?period=2021. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2024. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance, 2021. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-finance-insurance/us-states?period=2021.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2024) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance, 2021 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-finance-insurance/us-states?period=2021 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2021,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance, 2021}},
  year = {2024},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-finance-insurance/us-states?period=2021. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance, 2021
PY  - 2024
DA  - 2024/03/14
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-finance-insurance/us-states?period=2021
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-finance-insurance/us-states?period=2021.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2021/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance?

California, with 90,273 in 2021, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: finance and insurance?

Vermont, with 925 in 2021.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), finance and insurance (NAICS 52), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings