Data / Rankings / Natural change rate / Provinces of Spain

Provinces of Spain by natural change rate

Melilla province had the highest natural change rate of 49 provinces in 2023, at 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitants. Ourense province had the lowest, at -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was -3.4 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for Spain was -2.3 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Keep it in a collection in your library.
Highest3.2Melilla province
Lowest-11.2Ourense province
Median-3.449 provinces
Spain-2.3History

Map of provinces, 2023

Álava province: -2.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlbacete province: -3 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlicante province: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlmería province: 1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁvila province: -7.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsBadajoz province: -3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsBarcelona province: -1.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsBurgos province: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsCáceres province: -6.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCádiz province: -1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCastellón province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCiudad Real province: -4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCórdoba province: -3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsA Coruña province: -6.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCuenca province: -5.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsGirona province: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGranada province: -1.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsGuadalajara province: -0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsGipuzkoa province: -4.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuelva province: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuesca province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsJaén province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeón province: -8.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsLleida province: -2.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsLa Rioja province: -3.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLugo province: -10.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsMadrid province: 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMálaga province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMurcia province: 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsNavarre province: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsOurense province: -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsAsturias province: -8.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsPalencia province: -7.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsPontevedra province: -5.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsSalamanca province: -6.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCantabria province: -5.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsSegovia province: -4.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsSeville province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsSoria province: -6.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsTarragona province: -2.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsTeruel province: -6 per 1,000 inhabitantsToledo province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsValencia province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsValladolid province: -4.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiscay province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsZamora province: -11.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsZaragoza province: -3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCeuta province: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsMelilla province: 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitants
  • Under -5.3
  • -5.3 to -2.3
  • -2.3 to 0
  • 0 to 0.7
  • 0.7 to 1.4
  • 1.4 and over
  • No data
per 1,000 inhabitants, 2023. Red areas are below zero and blue areas above it. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All provinces, 2023

Melilla province: 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMelilla province3.2Ceuta province: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCeuta province1.5Almería province: 1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlmería province1.2Murcia province: 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsMurcia province0.4Madrid province: 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMadrid province0.2Guadalajara province: -0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsGuadalajara province-0.9Seville province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsSeville province-1Girona province: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGirona province-1.1Málaga province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMálaga province-1.2Toledo province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsToledo province-1.2Granada province: -1.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsGranada province-1.6Barcelona province: -1.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsBarcelona province-1.7Cádiz province: -1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCádiz province-1.9Alicante province: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlicante province-2Huelva province: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuelva province-2Navarre province: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsNavarre province-2Álava province: -2.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁlava province-2.1Tarragona province: -2.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsTarragona province-2.1Castellón province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCastellón province-2.2Valencia province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsValencia province-2.2Lleida province: -2.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsLleida province-2.5Albacete province: -3 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlbacete province-3Badajoz province: -3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsBadajoz province-3.2Córdoba province: -3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCórdoba province-3.2Zaragoza province: -3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsZaragoza province-3.4La Rioja province: -3.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLa Rioja province-3.8Jaén province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsJaén province-3.9Ciudad Real province: -4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCiudad Real province-4Gipuzkoa province: -4.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGipuzkoa province-4.1Valladolid province: -4.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsValladolid province-4.1Biscay province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiscay province-4.5Huesca province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuesca province-4.5Segovia province: -4.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsSegovia province-4.8Cantabria province: -5.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCantabria province-5.2Pontevedra province: -5.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsPontevedra province-5.3Cuenca province: -5.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsCuenca province-5.6Burgos province: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsBurgos province-5.8Teruel province: -6 per 1,000 inhabitantsTeruel province-6A Coruña province: -6.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsA Coruña province-6.2Cáceres province: -6.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCáceres province-6.2Salamanca province: -6.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsSalamanca province-6.4Soria province: -6.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsSoria province-6.5Ávila province: -7.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁvila province-7.1Palencia province: -7.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsPalencia province-7.6Asturias province: -8.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsAsturias province-8.4León province: -8.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeón province-8.4Lugo province: -10.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsLugo province-10.4Zamora province: -11.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsZamora province-11.1Ourense province: -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsOurense province-11.2Melilla province: 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMelilla province3.2Ceuta province: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCeuta province1.5Almería province: 1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlmería province1.2Murcia province: 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsMurcia province0.4Madrid province: 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMadrid province0.2Guadalajara province: -0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsGuadalajara province-0.9Seville province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsSeville province-1Girona province: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGirona province-1.1Málaga province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMálaga province-1.2Toledo province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsToledo province-1.2Granada province: -1.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsGranada province-1.6Barcelona province: -1.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsBarcelona province-1.7Cádiz province: -1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCádiz province-1.9Alicante province: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlicante province-2Huelva province: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuelva province-2Navarre province: -2 per 1,000 inhabitantsNavarre province-2Álava province: -2.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁlava province-2.1Tarragona province: -2.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsTarragona province-2.1Castellón province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCastellón province-2.2Valencia province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsValencia province-2.2Lleida province: -2.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsLleida province-2.5Albacete province: -3 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlbacete province-3Badajoz province: -3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsBadajoz province-3.2Córdoba province: -3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCórdoba province-3.2Zaragoza province: -3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsZaragoza province-3.4La Rioja province: -3.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLa Rioja province-3.8Jaén province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsJaén province-3.9Ciudad Real province: -4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCiudad Real province-4Gipuzkoa province: -4.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGipuzkoa province-4.1Valladolid province: -4.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsValladolid province-4.1Biscay province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiscay province-4.5Huesca province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuesca province-4.5Segovia province: -4.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsSegovia province-4.8Cantabria province: -5.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCantabria province-5.2Pontevedra province: -5.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsPontevedra province-5.3Cuenca province: -5.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsCuenca province-5.6Burgos province: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsBurgos province-5.8Teruel province: -6 per 1,000 inhabitantsTeruel province-6A Coruña province: -6.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsA Coruña province-6.2Cáceres province: -6.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCáceres province-6.2Salamanca province: -6.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsSalamanca province-6.4Soria province: -6.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsSoria province-6.5Ávila province: -7.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁvila province-7.1Palencia province: -7.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsPalencia province-7.6Asturias province: -8.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsAsturias province-8.4León province: -8.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeón province-8.4Lugo province: -10.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsLugo province-10.4Zamora province: -11.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsZamora province-11.1Ourense province: -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsOurense province-11.2
per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankProvinces2023
per 1,000 inhabitants		Change on 2022
1Melilla province3.2-1.6 pts
2Ceuta province1.5+0.1 pts
3Almería province1.2+0.2 pts
4Murcia province0.4+0.3 pts
5Madrid province0.2+0.2 pts
6Guadalajara province-0.9+0.6 pts
7Seville province-1+0.5 pts
8Girona province-1.1+0.2 pts
9Málaga province-1.2+0.3 pts
9Toledo province-1.2+0.2 pts
11Granada province-1.60 pts
12Barcelona province-1.7+0.1 pts
13Cádiz province-1.9+0.3 pts
14Alicante province-2+0.5 pts
14Huelva province-2-0.2 pts
14Navarre province-2+0.3 pts
17Álava province-2.1+0.6 pts
17Tarragona province-2.1+0.2 pts
19Castellón province-2.2+0.6 pts
19Valencia province-2.2+0.8 pts
21Lleida province-2.5+0.5 pts
22Albacete province-3+0.3 pts
23Badajoz province-3.2+1 pts
23Córdoba province-3.2+0.7 pts
25Zaragoza province-3.4+1 pts
26La Rioja province-3.8+0.2 pts
27Jaén province-3.9+1 pts
28Ciudad Real province-4+0.2 pts
29Gipuzkoa province-4.1+0.5 pts
29Valladolid province-4.1+0.3 pts
31Biscay province-4.5+1 pts
31Huesca province-4.5+0.9 pts
33Segovia province-4.8+0.5 pts
34Cantabria province-5.2+0.8 pts
35Pontevedra province-5.3+0.3 pts
36Cuenca province-5.6+0.8 pts
37Burgos province-5.8+0.2 pts
38Teruel province-6+0.9 pts
39A Coruña province-6.2+0.8 pts
39Cáceres province-6.2+1 pts
41Salamanca province-6.4+1.7 pts
42Soria province-6.5+1.3 pts
43Ávila province-7.1+1.1 pts
44Palencia province-7.6+1.2 pts
45Asturias province-8.4+0.7 pts
45León province-8.4+1.6 pts
47Lugo province-10.4+0.9 pts
48Zamora province-11.1+1.5 pts
49Ourense province-11.2+0.8 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the provinces are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3) (Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table

MLA 9

Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2023. Eurostat, European Commission, 21 July 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2023.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_provinces_of_spain_by_2023,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3): Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2023. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo\_r\_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3): Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/21
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which province has the highest natural change rate?

Melilla province, with 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2023, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which province has the lowest natural change rate?

Ourense province, with -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Natural change rate: other rankings

Provinces of Spain: more rankings