Data / Rankings / Natural change rate / Provinces of Spain

Provinces of Spain by natural change rate

Melilla province had the highest natural change rate of 49 provinces in 2016, at 11.3 per 1,000 inhabitants. Zamora province had the lowest, at -10.5 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for Spain was 0 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

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Highest11.3Melilla province
Lowest-10.5Zamora province
Median-1.149 provinces
Spain0History

Map of provinces, 2016

Álava province: 1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlbacete province: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlicante province: 0.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlmería province: 4.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁvila province: -5.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBadajoz province: -1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBarcelona province: 0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsBurgos province: -3.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsCáceres province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCádiz province: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCastellón province: -0.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsCiudad Real province: -1.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsCórdoba province: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsA Coruña province: -3.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsCuenca province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsGirona province: 1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsGranada province: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsGuadalajara province: 1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsGipuzkoa province: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuelva province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuesca province: -3.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsJaén province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeón province: -6.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLleida province: -0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsLa Rioja province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsLugo province: -9.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMadrid province: 2.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsMálaga province: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsMurcia province: 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsNavarre province: 0.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsOurense province: -9.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsAsturias province: -6.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsPalencia province: -6.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsPontevedra province: -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsSalamanca province: -4.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsCantabria province: -2.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsSegovia province: -3.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsSeville province: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsSoria province: -6.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsTarragona province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsTeruel province: -4.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsToledo province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsValencia province: -0.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsValladolid province: -1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiscay province: -2.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsZamora province: -10.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsZaragoza province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCeuta province: 6.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsMelilla province: 11.3 per 1,000 inhabitants
  • Under -4.2
  • -4.2 to -1.7
  • -1.7 to 0
  • 0 to 0.8
  • 0.8 to 1.6
  • 1.6 and over
  • No data
per 1,000 inhabitants, 2016. Red areas are below zero and blue areas above it. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All provinces, 2016

Melilla province: 11.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsMelilla province11.3Ceuta province: 6.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCeuta province6.5Almería province: 4.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlmería province4.1Murcia province: 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMurcia province3.2Madrid province: 2.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsMadrid province2.8Seville province: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsSeville province1.9Cádiz province: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCádiz province1.5Málaga province: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsMálaga province1.5Girona province: 1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsGirona province1.4Guadalajara province: 1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsGuadalajara province1.3Álava province: 1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁlava province1.2Barcelona province: 0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsBarcelona province0.8Granada province: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsGranada province0.7Huelva province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuelva province0.5Tarragona province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsTarragona province0.5Toledo province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsToledo province0.5Navarre province: 0.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsNavarre province0.3Alicante province: 0.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlicante province0.1Castellón province: -0.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsCastellón province-0.1Valencia province: -0.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsValencia province-0.3Lleida province: -0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsLleida province-0.5Albacete province: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlbacete province-0.8Córdoba province: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsCórdoba province-0.8La Rioja province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsLa Rioja province-1Gipuzkoa province: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGipuzkoa province-1.1Zaragoza province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsZaragoza province-1.2Badajoz province: -1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBadajoz province-1.3Valladolid province: -1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsValladolid province-1.5Ciudad Real province: -1.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsCiudad Real province-1.7Jaén province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsJaén province-1.8Biscay province: -2.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiscay province-2.3Pontevedra province: -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsPontevedra province-2.6Cantabria province: -2.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCantabria province-2.9Burgos province: -3.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBurgos province-3.3Segovia province: -3.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsSegovia province-3.5Huesca province: -3.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuesca province-3.6A Coruña province: -3.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsA Coruña province-3.8Cáceres province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCáceres province-3.9Teruel province: -4.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsTeruel province-4.2Cuenca province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCuenca province-4.5Salamanca province: -4.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsSalamanca province-4.8Ávila province: -5.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁvila province-5.3Palencia province: -6.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsPalencia province-6.4Soria province: -6.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsSoria province-6.5Asturias province: -6.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsAsturias province-6.6León province: -6.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeón province-6.8Lugo province: -9.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsLugo province-9.2Ourense province: -9.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsOurense province-9.2Zamora province: -10.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsZamora province-10.5Melilla province: 11.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsMelilla province11.3Ceuta province: 6.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCeuta province6.5Almería province: 4.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlmería province4.1Murcia province: 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMurcia province3.2Madrid province: 2.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsMadrid province2.8Seville province: 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsSeville province1.9Cádiz province: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCádiz province1.5Málaga province: 1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsMálaga province1.5Girona province: 1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsGirona province1.4Guadalajara province: 1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsGuadalajara province1.3Álava province: 1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁlava province1.2Barcelona province: 0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsBarcelona province0.8Granada province: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsGranada province0.7Huelva province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuelva province0.5Tarragona province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsTarragona province0.5Toledo province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsToledo province0.5Navarre province: 0.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsNavarre province0.3Alicante province: 0.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlicante province0.1Castellón province: -0.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsCastellón province-0.1Valencia province: -0.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsValencia province-0.3Lleida province: -0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsLleida province-0.5Albacete province: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlbacete province-0.8Córdoba province: -0.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsCórdoba province-0.8La Rioja province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsLa Rioja province-1Gipuzkoa province: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGipuzkoa province-1.1Zaragoza province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsZaragoza province-1.2Badajoz province: -1.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBadajoz province-1.3Valladolid province: -1.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsValladolid province-1.5Ciudad Real province: -1.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsCiudad Real province-1.7Jaén province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsJaén province-1.8Biscay province: -2.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiscay province-2.3Pontevedra province: -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsPontevedra province-2.6Cantabria province: -2.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCantabria province-2.9Burgos province: -3.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBurgos province-3.3Segovia province: -3.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsSegovia province-3.5Huesca province: -3.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuesca province-3.6A Coruña province: -3.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsA Coruña province-3.8Cáceres province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCáceres province-3.9Teruel province: -4.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsTeruel province-4.2Cuenca province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCuenca province-4.5Salamanca province: -4.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsSalamanca province-4.8Ávila province: -5.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁvila province-5.3Palencia province: -6.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsPalencia province-6.4Soria province: -6.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsSoria province-6.5Asturias province: -6.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsAsturias province-6.6León province: -6.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeón province-6.8Lugo province: -9.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsLugo province-9.2Ourense province: -9.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsOurense province-9.2Zamora province: -10.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsZamora province-10.5
per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankProvinces2016
per 1,000 inhabitants		Change on 2015
1Melilla province11.3-0.4 pts
2Ceuta province6.5-0.5 pts
3Almería province4.1+0.3 pts
4Murcia province3.20 pts
5Madrid province2.80 pts
6Seville province1.9+0.2 pts
7Cádiz province1.5+0.1 pts
7Málaga province1.5+0.1 pts
9Girona province1.4-0.1 pts
10Guadalajara province1.3+0.1 pts
11Álava province1.20 pts
12Barcelona province0.80 pts
13Granada province0.7+0.5 pts
14Huelva province0.5-0.7 pts
14Tarragona province0.5-0.2 pts
14Toledo province0.5-0.2 pts
17Navarre province0.3-0.2 pts
18Alicante province0.1+0.1 pts
19Castellón province-0.1+0.4 pts
20Valencia province-0.30 pts
21Lleida province-0.5+0.5 pts
22Albacete province-0.8-0.2 pts
22Córdoba province-0.8+0.2 pts
24La Rioja province-1+0.1 pts
25Gipuzkoa province-1.1-0.3 pts
26Zaragoza province-1.2+0.2 pts
27Badajoz province-1.3+0.1 pts
28Valladolid province-1.5+0.4 pts
29Ciudad Real province-1.7+0.8 pts
30Jaén province-1.8+0.2 pts
31Biscay province-2.3-0.1 pts
32Pontevedra province-2.6-0.2 pts
33Cantabria province-2.90 pts
34Burgos province-3.3-0.2 pts
35Segovia province-3.5+0.4 pts
36Huesca province-3.6+0.3 pts
37A Coruña province-3.8-0.1 pts
38Cáceres province-3.9+0.2 pts
39Teruel province-4.2+1.6 pts
40Cuenca province-4.5+0.3 pts
41Salamanca province-4.80 pts
42Ávila province-5.3+1 pts
43Palencia province-6.4-0.4 pts
44Soria province-6.5-0.4 pts
45Asturias province-6.6+0.2 pts
46León province-6.8-0.1 pts
47Lugo province-9.2-0.4 pts
47Ourense province-9.2-0.2 pts
49Zamora province-10.5-0.8 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the provinces are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3) (Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2016) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table

MLA 9

Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2016. Eurostat, European Commission, 21 July 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2016. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2016. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2016.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2016 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2016 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_provinces_of_spain_by_2016,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3): Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2016}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2016. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo\_r\_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3): Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2016
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/21
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2016
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2016.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which province has the highest natural change rate?

Melilla province, with 11.3 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2016, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which province has the lowest natural change rate?

Zamora province, with -10.5 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2016.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Natural change rate: other rankings

Provinces of Spain: more rankings