Data / Rankings / Natural change rate / Provinces of Spain

Provinces of Spain by natural change rate

Melilla province had the highest natural change rate of 49 provinces in 2021, at 4.3 per 1,000 inhabitants. Zamora province had the lowest, at -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was -3.7 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for Spain was -2.4 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Keep it in a collection in your library.
Highest4.3Melilla province
Lowest-11.2Zamora province
Median-3.749 provinces
Spain-2.4History

Map of provinces, 2021

Álava province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlbacete province: -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlicante province: -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlmería province: 0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁvila province: -7.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsBadajoz province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsBarcelona province: -1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsBurgos province: -5.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsCáceres province: -6.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCádiz province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCastellón province: -3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCiudad Real province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCórdoba province: -3.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsA Coruña province: -6.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCuenca province: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsGirona province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGranada province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsGuadalajara province: -0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsGipuzkoa province: -3.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuelva province: -1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuesca province: -4.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsJaén province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeón province: -8.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsLleida province: -3 per 1,000 inhabitantsLa Rioja province: -3.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLugo province: -10.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsMadrid province: 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMálaga province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMurcia province: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsNavarre province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsOurense province: -10.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsAsturias province: -8.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsPalencia province: -9 per 1,000 inhabitantsPontevedra province: -4.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsSalamanca province: -6.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCantabria province: -4.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsSegovia province: -4.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsSeville province: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsSoria province: -7.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsTarragona province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsTeruel province: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsToledo province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsValencia province: -2.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsValladolid province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiscay province: -4.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsZamora province: -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsZaragoza province: -3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCeuta province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsMelilla province: 4.3 per 1,000 inhabitants
  • Under -4.8
  • -4.8 to -2.8
  • -2.8 to 0
  • 0 to 0.6
  • 0.6 to 0.8
  • 0.8 and over
  • No data
per 1,000 inhabitants, 2021. Red areas are below zero and blue areas above it. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All provinces, 2021

Melilla province: 4.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsMelilla province4.3Almería province: 0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlmería province0.9Murcia province: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsMurcia province0.7Ceuta province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCeuta province0.5Madrid province: 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMadrid province0.2Guadalajara province: -0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsGuadalajara province-0.9Girona province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGirona province-1Navarre province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsNavarre province-1Seville province: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsSeville province-1.1Málaga province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMálaga province-1.2Barcelona province: -1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsBarcelona province-1.4Huelva province: -1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuelva province-1.4Álava province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁlava province-1.8Granada province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsGranada province-1.8Tarragona province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsTarragona province-1.8Cádiz province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCádiz province-2.2Toledo province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsToledo province-2.2Albacete province: -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlbacete province-2.6Alicante province: -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlicante province-2.6Valencia province: -2.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsValencia province-2.7Lleida province: -3 per 1,000 inhabitantsLleida province-3Castellón province: -3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCastellón province-3.2Córdoba province: -3.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsCórdoba province-3.3Zaragoza province: -3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsZaragoza province-3.4Gipuzkoa province: -3.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsGipuzkoa province-3.7La Rioja province: -3.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLa Rioja province-3.8Badajoz province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsBadajoz province-3.9Ciudad Real province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCiudad Real province-3.9Jaén province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsJaén province-3.9Huesca province: -4.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuesca province-4.2Valladolid province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsValladolid province-4.5Segovia province: -4.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsSegovia province-4.6Cantabria province: -4.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsCantabria province-4.7Pontevedra province: -4.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsPontevedra province-4.7Biscay province: -4.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiscay province-4.8Burgos province: -5.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBurgos province-5.3Cuenca province: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsCuenca province-5.8Teruel province: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsTeruel province-5.8A Coruña province: -6.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsA Coruña province-6.2Cáceres province: -6.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCáceres province-6.4Salamanca province: -6.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsSalamanca province-6.9Soria province: -7.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsSoria province-7.4Ávila province: -7.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁvila province-7.5Asturias province: -8.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsAsturias province-8.5León province: -8.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeón province-8.7Palencia province: -9 per 1,000 inhabitantsPalencia province-9Lugo province: -10.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsLugo province-10.4Ourense province: -10.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsOurense province-10.8Zamora province: -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsZamora province-11.2Melilla province: 4.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsMelilla province4.3Almería province: 0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlmería province0.9Murcia province: 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsMurcia province0.7Ceuta province: 0.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsCeuta province0.5Madrid province: 0.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMadrid province0.2Guadalajara province: -0.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsGuadalajara province-0.9Girona province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsGirona province-1Navarre province: -1 per 1,000 inhabitantsNavarre province-1Seville province: -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitantsSeville province-1.1Málaga province: -1.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsMálaga province-1.2Barcelona province: -1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsBarcelona province-1.4Huelva province: -1.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuelva province-1.4Álava province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁlava province-1.8Granada province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsGranada province-1.8Tarragona province: -1.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsTarragona province-1.8Cádiz province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCádiz province-2.2Toledo province: -2.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsToledo province-2.2Albacete province: -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlbacete province-2.6Alicante province: -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsAlicante province-2.6Valencia province: -2.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsValencia province-2.7Lleida province: -3 per 1,000 inhabitantsLleida province-3Castellón province: -3.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsCastellón province-3.2Córdoba province: -3.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsCórdoba province-3.3Zaragoza province: -3.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsZaragoza province-3.4Gipuzkoa province: -3.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsGipuzkoa province-3.7La Rioja province: -3.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsLa Rioja province-3.8Badajoz province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsBadajoz province-3.9Ciudad Real province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsCiudad Real province-3.9Jaén province: -3.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsJaén province-3.9Huesca province: -4.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsHuesca province-4.2Valladolid province: -4.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsValladolid province-4.5Segovia province: -4.6 per 1,000 inhabitantsSegovia province-4.6Cantabria province: -4.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsCantabria province-4.7Pontevedra province: -4.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsPontevedra province-4.7Biscay province: -4.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsBiscay province-4.8Burgos province: -5.3 per 1,000 inhabitantsBurgos province-5.3Cuenca province: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsCuenca province-5.8Teruel province: -5.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsTeruel province-5.8A Coruña province: -6.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsA Coruña province-6.2Cáceres province: -6.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsCáceres province-6.4Salamanca province: -6.9 per 1,000 inhabitantsSalamanca province-6.9Soria province: -7.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsSoria province-7.4Ávila province: -7.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsÁvila province-7.5Asturias province: -8.5 per 1,000 inhabitantsAsturias province-8.5León province: -8.7 per 1,000 inhabitantsLeón province-8.7Palencia province: -9 per 1,000 inhabitantsPalencia province-9Lugo province: -10.4 per 1,000 inhabitantsLugo province-10.4Ourense province: -10.8 per 1,000 inhabitantsOurense province-10.8Zamora province: -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitantsZamora province-11.2
per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankProvinces2021
per 1,000 inhabitants		Change on 2020
1Melilla province4.3+0.1 pts
2Almería province0.9-0.7 pts
3Murcia province0.7-0.2 pts
4Ceuta province0.5-1.8 pts
5Madrid province0.2+2.3 pts
6Guadalajara province-0.9+2.3 pts
7Girona province-1+0.1 pts
7Navarre province-1+1.5 pts
9Seville province-1.1-0.1 pts
10Málaga province-1.2-0.2 pts
11Barcelona province-1.4+1.6 pts
11Huelva province-1.4-0.5 pts
13Álava province-1.8+0.8 pts
13Granada province-1.8+1 pts
13Tarragona province-1.8+0.5 pts
16Cádiz province-2.2-0.5 pts
16Toledo province-2.2+1.5 pts
18Albacete province-2.6+2.8 pts
18Alicante province-2.6-0.4 pts
20Valencia province-2.70 pts
21Lleida province-3+0.3 pts
22Castellón province-3.2-0.6 pts
23Córdoba province-3.3+0.1 pts
24Zaragoza province-3.4+1.9 pts
25Gipuzkoa province-3.70 pts
26La Rioja province-3.8+0.5 pts
27Badajoz province-3.9-0.1 pts
27Ciudad Real province-3.9+3.2 pts
27Jaén province-3.9+0.6 pts
30Huesca province-4.2+2.1 pts
31Valladolid province-4.5+1.2 pts
32Segovia province-4.6+5 pts
33Cantabria province-4.7+0.5 pts
33Pontevedra province-4.7-0.3 pts
35Biscay province-4.8+0.3 pts
36Burgos province-5.3+2 pts
37Cuenca province-5.8+4.3 pts
37Teruel province-5.8+2.4 pts
39A Coruña province-6.2-0.5 pts
40Cáceres province-6.4+1.7 pts
41Salamanca province-6.9+3.5 pts
42Soria province-7.4+3.2 pts
43Ávila province-7.5+2.9 pts
44Asturias province-8.5+1.1 pts
45León province-8.7+3.1 pts
46Palencia province-9+1.3 pts
47Lugo province-10.40 pts
48Ourense province-10.8+1.1 pts
49Zamora province-11.2+3.2 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the provinces are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3) (Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2021) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table

MLA 9

Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2021. Eurostat, European Commission, 21 July 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2021. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2021. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2021.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2021 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2021 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_provinces_of_spain_by_2021,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3): Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2021}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2021. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo\_r\_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3): Provinces of Spain by natural change rate, 2021
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/21
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2021
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/spain-provinces?period=2021.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which province has the highest natural change rate?

Melilla province, with 4.3 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2021, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which province has the lowest natural change rate?

Zamora province, with -11.2 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2021.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Natural change rate: other rankings

Provinces of Spain: more rankings