EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate

Mayotte had the highest natural change rate of 244 regions in 2023, at 29.5 per 1,000 inhabitants. Severozapaden had the lowest, at -12.2 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was -3.1 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for the European Union (27) was -2.6 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest29.5Mayotte

Lowest-12.2Severozapaden

Median-3.1244 regions

European Union (27)-2.6History

Top 40 regions, 2023

per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	Regions	2023 per 1,000 inhabitants	Change on 2022
1	Mayotte Provisional	29.5	-2.6 pts
2	Guyane Provisional	21.9	-0.4 pts
3	La Réunion Provisional	8.2	+0.5 pts
4	Ile-de-France Provisional	6.1	-0.4 pts
5	Eastern and Midland	4.8	0 pts
6	Flevoland	4.6	-0.5 pts
7	Région de Bruxelles-Capitale/ Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest	4.3	-0.4 pts
8	Stockholm	4	-0.2 pts
9	Kýpros	3.7	+0.6 pts
10	Melilla	3.2	-1.6 pts
11	Northern and Western	2.9	+0.2 pts
12	Luxembourg	2.8	-0.3 pts
13	Hovedstaden	2.4	+0.1 pts
13	Southern	2.4	-0.2 pts
15	Utrecht	1.8	-0.2 pts
16	Rhône-Alpes Provisional	1.7	-0.4 pts
17	Východné Slovensko	1.6	+0.3 pts
18	Ceuta	1.5	+0.1 pts
19	Vorarlberg	1.4	+0.5 pts
20	Guadeloupe Provisional	1.2	0 pts
21	Zuid-Holland	1	0 pts
22	Midtjylland	0.9	-0.1 pts
22	Prov. Antwerpen	0.9	+0.3 pts
24	Helsinki-Uusimaa	0.8	+0.1 pts
24	Malta	0.8	+0.7 pts
24	Västsverige	0.8	-0.5 pts
27	Nord-Pas de Calais Provisional	0.7	-0.1 pts
28	Noord-Holland	0.5	-0.4 pts
29	Region of Murcia	0.4	+0.3 pts
29	Sydsverige	0.4	-0.3 pts
29	Wien	0.4	-0.2 pts
32	Praha	0.3	-0.2 pts
32	Prov. Luxembourg (BE)	0.3	-0.2 pts
32	Prov. Vlaams-Brabant	0.3	+0.3 pts
35	Bratislavský kraj	0.2	0 pts
35	Community of Madrid	0.2	+0.2 pts
35	Grande Lisboa	0.2	+0.9 pts
35	Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano/Bozen	0.2	+0.8 pts
35	Tirol	0.2	-0.4 pts
40	Balearic Islands	0.1	+0.3 pts
41	Alsace Provisional	-0.1	-0.1 pts
41	Pays de la Loire Provisional	-0.1	-0.1 pts
41	Picardie Provisional	-0.1	-0.3 pts
41	Salzburg	-0.1	-0.3 pts
45	Haute-Normandie Provisional	-0.2	-0.3 pts
45	Östra Mellansverige	-0.2	-0.7 pts
47	Notio Aigaio	-0.3	-0.1 pts
48	Åland	-0.4	+1.4 pts
49	Overijssel	-0.5	-0.1 pts
49	Prov. Oost-Vlaanderen	-0.5	0 pts
49	Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Provisional	-0.5	-0.1 pts
52	Oberbayern Series break	-0.6	-0.3 pts
52	Prov. Brabant wallon	-0.6	+0.1 pts
54	Gelderland	-0.7	+0.2 pts
54	Hamburg Series break	-0.7	-0.3 pts
54	Oberösterreich	-0.7	-0.4 pts
57	Prov. Liège	-0.9	+0.3 pts
57	Prov. Limburg (BE)	-0.9	+0.4 pts
59	Noord-Brabant	-1	-0.3 pts
59	Prov. Namur	-1	0 pts
59	Småland med öarna	-1	-0.6 pts
59	Střední Čechy	-1	-0.4 pts
63	Península de Setúbal	-1.1	+1 pts
64	Berlin Series break	-1.2	-0.1 pts
65	Małopolskie	-1.3	+0.2 pts
65	Martinique Provisional	-1.3	+0.6 pts
65	Região Autónoma dos Açores	-1.3	+1.4 pts
65	Tübingen Series break	-1.3	-0.1 pts
65	Zahodna Slovenija	-1.3	0 pts
70	Stuttgart Series break	-1.4	0 pts
71	Andalusia	-1.5	+0.4 pts
71	Franche-Comté Provisional	-1.5	-0.3 pts
71	Jihovýchod	-1.5	-0.2 pts
71	Midi-Pyrénées Provisional	-1.5	-0.2 pts
71	Warszawski stołeczny	-1.5	-0.5 pts
76	Prov. Hainaut	-1.6	0 pts
76	Schwaben Series break	-1.6	+0.1 pts
78	Catalonia	-1.7	+0.1 pts
78	Champagne-Ardenne Provisional	-1.7	-0.2 pts
78	Pomorskie	-1.7	+0.2 pts
81	Centre - Val de Loire Provisional	-1.8	-0.3 pts
81	Pest	-1.8	+0.5 pts
83	Kriti	-1.9	+0.1 pts
83	Nordjylland	-1.9	+0.5 pts
83	Stredné Slovensko	-1.9	+0.1 pts
86	Aquitaine Provisional	-2	0 pts
86	Friesland (NL)	-2	0 pts
86	Navarre	-2	+0.3 pts
86	Syddanmark	-2	+0.1 pts
90	Darmstadt Series break	-2.1	-0.3 pts
90	Languedoc-Roussillon Provisional	-2.1	-0.2 pts
90	Valencian Community	-2.1	+0.7 pts
93	Bucureşti-Ilfov Estimated	-2.2	-0.6 pts
93	Groningen	-2.2	-0.2 pts
93	Jihozápad	-2.2	-0.2 pts
93	Wielkopolskie	-2.2	0 pts
97	Prov. West-Vlaanderen	-2.3	+0.3 pts
97	Severovýchod	-2.3	-0.1 pts
97	Sostinės regionas	-2.3	+0.9 pts
100	Algarve	-2.4	+1.1 pts
100	Bretagne Provisional	-2.4	-0.1 pts
100	Freiburg Series break	-2.4	-0.3 pts
100	Lorraine Provisional	-2.4	-0.1 pts
100	Övre Norrland	-2.4	-0.2 pts
105	Podkarpackie	-2.5	+0.1 pts
105	Provincia Autonoma di Trento	-2.5	+0.1 pts
105	Steiermark	-2.5	+0.3 pts
105	Střední Morava	-2.5	-0.1 pts
109	Canary Islands	-2.6	+0.4 pts
109	Castilla-La Mancha	-2.6	+0.3 pts
109	Grad Zagreb	-2.6	+0.2 pts
112	Bremen Series break	-2.7	+0.5 pts
112	Nord-Vest Estimated	-2.7	+0.7 pts
112	Zeeland	-2.7	-0.3 pts
115	Karlsruhe Series break	-2.8	-0.3 pts
116	Campania	-2.9	+0.1 pts
116	Vzhodna Slovenija	-2.9	+0.3 pts
118	Centru Estimated	-3	+0.6 pts
118	Corse Provisional	-3	-0.2 pts
118	Mittelfranken Series break	-3	0 pts
118	Norte	-3	+0.4 pts
122	Észak-Alföld	-3.1	+0.6 pts
122	Köln Series break	-3.1	-0.3 pts
122	Mellersta Norrland	-3.1	+0.1 pts
122	Norra Mellansverige	-3.1	-0.8 pts
126	Münster Series break	-3.2	+0.1 pts
126	Niederbayern Series break	-3.2	-0.5 pts
126	Nord-Est Estimated	-3.2	-0.2 pts
126	Oberpfalz Series break	-3.2	-0.4 pts
126	Západné Slovensko	-3.2	+0.4 pts
131	Basse-Normandie Provisional	-3.3	+0.3 pts
131	Niederösterreich	-3.3	-0.4 pts
133	Moravskoslezsko	-3.4	+0.1 pts
133	Rheinhessen-Pfalz Series break	-3.4	+0.1 pts
133	Sjælland	-3.4	0 pts
133	Weser-Ems Series break	-3.4	-0.1 pts
137	Detmold Series break	-3.5	-0.1 pts
137	Drenthe	-3.5	+0.5 pts
137	Podlaskie	-3.5	+0.5 pts
140	Mazowiecki regionalny	-3.6	+0.5 pts
141	Eesti	-3.7	+0.5 pts
142	Budapest	-3.8	+0.8 pts
142	La Rioja	-3.8	+0.2 pts
142	Lombardia	-3.8	+0.7 pts
142	Unterfranken Series break	-3.8	-0.2 pts
146	Aragon	-3.9	+0.9 pts
146	Bourgogne Provisional	-3.9	0 pts
146	Limburg (NL)	-3.9	-0.3 pts
149	Auvergne Provisional	-4	-0.2 pts
149	Basque Country	-4	+0.8 pts
149	Kärnten	-4	+0.1 pts
149	Região Autónoma da Madeira	-4	+1.3 pts
149	Severozápad	-4	-0.5 pts
149	Voreio Aigaio	-4	+2.4 pts
149	Yugozapaden	-4	+2.3 pts
156	Gießen Series break	-4.2	-0.1 pts
156	Poitou-Charentes Provisional	-4.2	+0.2 pts
158	Extremadura	-4.3	+1 pts
158	Länsi-Suomi	-4.3	0 pts
158	Trier Series break	-4.3	+0.2 pts
158	Veneto	-4.3	+0.6 pts
162	Attiki	-4.4	+0.5 pts
162	Nyugat-Dunántúl	-4.4	+0.5 pts
162	Sicilia	-4.4	+0.3 pts
165	Dolnośląskie	-4.5	+0.2 pts
165	Düsseldorf Series break	-4.5	0 pts
165	Kujawsko-pomorskie	-4.5	+0.2 pts
165	Lubuskie	-4.5	+0.3 pts
165	Sjeverna Hrvatska	-4.5	+0.9 pts
170	Puglia	-4.6	+0.1 pts
171	Calabria	-4.7	+0.4 pts
171	Észak-Magyarország	-4.7	+0.9 pts
171	Warmińsko-mazurskie	-4.7	+0.1 pts
174	Burgenland	-4.9	+0.2 pts
174	Koblenz Series break	-4.9	+0.1 pts
174	Lubelskie	-4.9	+0.1 pts
174	Pohjois- ja Itä-Suomi	-4.9	+0.3 pts
178	Arnsberg Series break	-5	0 pts
178	Közép-Dunántúl	-5	+0.4 pts
178	Opolskie	-5	+0.5 pts
181	Emilia-Romagna	-5.1	+0.6 pts
181	Hannover Series break	-5.1	0 pts
181	Jadranska Hrvatska	-5.1	+1.1 pts
184	Cantabria	-5.2	+0.8 pts
184	Lazio	-5.2	-0.3 pts
184	Lüneburg Series break	-5.2	0 pts
184	Oeste e Vale do Tejo	-5.2	+1.1 pts
184	Vest Estimated	-5.2	+0.3 pts
184	Zachodniopomorskie	-5.2	+0.3 pts
190	Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste	-5.3	+0.8 pts
191	Leipzig Series break	-5.4	-0.2 pts
191	Limousin Provisional	-5.4	+0.2 pts
193	Kassel Series break	-5.6	-0.3 pts
194	Centro (PT)	-5.7	+1.2 pts
194	Dytiki Elláda	-5.7	+1.3 pts
194	Ionia Nisia	-5.7	+0.8 pts
194	Oberfranken Series break	-5.7	+0.2 pts
194	Śląskie	-5.7	+0.2 pts
199	Braunschweig Series break	-5.9	-0.3 pts
199	Kentriki Makedonia	-5.9	+1.2 pts
199	Schleswig-Holstein Series break	-5.9	-0.2 pts
199	Yugoiztochen	-5.9	+3.2 pts
203	Łódzkie	-6	+0.5 pts
203	Marche	-6	+1.3 pts
205	Etelä-Suomi	-6.1	-0.2 pts
206	Dél-Alföld	-6.2	+0.6 pts
207	Sud-Vest Oltenia Estimated	-6.3	+0.8 pts
207	Świętokrzyskie	-6.3	+0.4 pts
209	Friuli-Venezia Giulia	-6.4	+0.8 pts
209	Sud-Est Estimated	-6.4	+0.2 pts
209	Toscana	-6.4	+1.1 pts
212	Abruzzo	-6.5	+0.4 pts
212	Castile and León	-6.5	+1 pts
214	Basilicata	-6.6	+0.6 pts
214	Yuzhen tsentralen	-6.6	+2.9 pts
216	Dél-Dunántúl	-6.7	+0.5 pts
216	Saarland Series break	-6.7	+0.9 pts
218	Piemonte	-6.8	+0.9 pts
219	Galicia	-6.9	+0.7 pts
219	Panonska Hrvatska	-6.9	+1.7 pts
219	Sud-Muntenia Estimated	-6.9	+0.9 pts
222	Severoiztochen	-7.1	+2.6 pts
222	Umbria	-7.1	+0.7 pts
222	Vidurio ir vakarų Lietuvos regionas	-7.1	+2 pts
225	Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki	-7.2	+0.8 pts
225	Latvija	-7.2	+0.6 pts
227	Dresden Series break	-7.3	-0.4 pts
227	Ipeiros	-7.3	+0.8 pts
227	Sardegna	-7.3	+0.8 pts
230	Thessalia	-7.4	+0.6 pts
231	Alentejo	-7.7	+1.3 pts
232	Molise	-7.9	+1 pts
233	Brandenburg Series break	-8.1	-0.2 pts
233	Sterea Elláda	-8.1	+0.5 pts
235	Peloponnisos	-8.3	+0.8 pts
236	Asturias	-8.4	+0.7 pts
236	Dytiki Makedonia	-8.4	+1.3 pts
238	Thüringen Series break	-8.6	+0.2 pts
239	Liguria	-8.8	+1.4 pts
240	Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Series break	-9.1	0 pts
241	Sachsen-Anhalt Series break	-10.3	+0.2 pts
242	Chemnitz Series break	-10.4	-0.2 pts
243	Severen tsentralen	-11	+3.6 pts
244	Severozapaden	-12.2	+3.2 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the regions are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3) (EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table

MLA 9

Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2023. Eurostat, European Commission, 21 July 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2023.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{eurostat_eu_regions_nuts_2_2023,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3): EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2023. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo\_r\_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3): EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/21
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Which region has the highest natural change rate?

Mayotte, with 29.5 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2023, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which region has the lowest natural change rate?

Severozapaden, with -12.2 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.