EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate
Mayotte had the highest natural change rate of 241 regions in 2019, at 32.7 per 1,000 inhabitants. Severozapaden had the lowest, at -13.1 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was -1.4 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for the European Union (27) was -1.1 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.
Top 40 regions, 2019
Full ranking
| Rank | Regions | 2019 | Change on 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mayotte | 32.7 | -0.7 pts |
| 2 | Guyane | 25 | -0.4 pts |
| 3 | La Réunion | 9.4 | -0.3 pts |
| 4 | Melilla | 8.6 | -1 pts |
| 5 | Ile-de-France | 8 | -0.1 pts |
| 6 | Eastern and Midland | 6.9 | -0.3 pts |
| 7 | Région de Bruxelles-Capitale/ Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest | 6.6 | -0.4 pts |
| 8 | Flevoland | 5.8 | +0.2 pts |
| 9 | Stockholm | 5.5 | +0.1 pts |
| 10 | Northern and Western | 4.6 | -0.4 pts |
| 11 | Southern | 4.5 | -0.6 pts |
| 12 | Hovedstaden | 3.9 | +0.3 pts |
| 13 | Guadeloupe | 3.7 | +0.3 pts |
| 13 | Kýpros | 3.7 | -0.3 pts |
| 15 | Ceuta | 3.6 | -1.5 pts |
| 16 | Utrecht | 3.5 | +0.1 pts |
| 17 | Rhône-Alpes | 3.4 | -0.3 pts |
| 18 | Bratislavský kraj | 3.2 | -0.3 pts |
| 18 | Vorarlberg | 3.2 | +0.1 pts |
| 20 | Luxembourg | 3.1 | -0.1 pts |
| 21 | Východné Slovensko | 2.6 | -0.1 pts |
| 22 | Sydsverige | 2.5 | +0.2 pts |
| 22 | Västsverige | 2.5 | +0.1 pts |
| 24 | Nord-Pas de Calais | 2.3 | +0.1 pts |
| 24 | Zuid-Holland | 2.3 | +0.2 pts |
| 26 | Noord-Holland | 2.2 | +0.1 pts |
| 27 | Midtjylland | 2.1 | +0.1 pts |
| 27 | Praha | 2.1 | -0.2 pts |
| 29 | Helsinki-Uusimaa | 2 | -0.3 pts |
| 29 | Östra Mellansverige | 2 | +0.3 pts |
| 29 | Wien | 2 | +0.3 pts |
| 32 | Hamburg | 1.9 | +0.3 pts |
| 32 | Prov. Luxembourg (BE) | 1.9 | +1.3 pts |
| 32 | Salzburg | 1.9 | +0.1 pts |
| 35 | Region of Murcia | 1.8 | -0.5 pts |
| 36 | Alsace | 1.7 | -0.2 pts |
| 36 | Tirol | 1.7 | -0.4 pts |
| 38 | Pomorskie | 1.6 | -0.2 pts |
| 39 | Prov. Antwerpen | 1.5 | +0.2 pts |
| 39 | Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano/Bozen | 1.5 | -0.2 pts |
| 41 | Balearic Islands | 1.4 | -0.4 pts |
| 41 | Notio Aigaio | 1.4 | -0.3 pts |
| 41 | Småland med öarna | 1.4 | +0.5 pts |
| 41 | Warszawski stołeczny | 1.4 | +0.1 pts |
| 45 | Berlin | 1.3 | +0.1 pts |
| 45 | Community of Madrid | 1.3 | -0.4 pts |
| 45 | Malta | 1.3 | -0.3 pts |
| 45 | Oberbayern | 1.3 | -0.3 pts |
| 49 | Haute-Normandie | 1.2 | -0.3 pts |
| 49 | Małopolskie | 1.2 | -0.4 pts |
| 51 | Grande Lisboa | 1.1 | +0.2 pts |
| 51 | Pays de la Loire | 1.1 | -0.2 pts |
| 51 | Picardie | 1.1 | -0.3 pts |
| 54 | Oberösterreich | 1 | 0 pts |
| 54 | Střední Čechy | 1 | +0.2 pts |
| 56 | Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur | 0.9 | -0.2 pts |
| 56 | Wielkopolskie | 0.9 | -0.2 pts |
| 58 | Prov. Vlaams-Brabant | 0.7 | +0.4 pts |
| 59 | Jihovýchod | 0.6 | -0.1 pts |
| 59 | Overijssel | 0.6 | 0 pts |
| 59 | Prov. Brabant wallon | 0.6 | +0.3 pts |
| 62 | Martinique | 0.5 | -0.5 pts |
| 63 | Zahodna Slovenija | 0.4 | -0.4 pts |
| 64 | Bucureşti-Ilfov Estimated | 0.3 | +0.1 pts |
| 64 | Podkarpackie | 0.3 | -0.6 pts |
| 64 | Stuttgart | 0.3 | 0 pts |
| 67 | Franche-Comté | 0.2 | -0.2 pts |
| 67 | Gelderland | 0.2 | 0 pts |
| 67 | Noord-Brabant | 0.2 | +0.1 pts |
| 67 | Tübingen | 0.2 | 0 pts |
| 71 | Darmstadt | 0.1 | -0.2 pts |
| 71 | Prov. Liège | 0.1 | +0.5 pts |
| 73 | Åland | 0 | -0.3 pts |
| 73 | Prov. Limburg (BE) | 0 | 0 pts |
| 75 | Andalusia | -0.1 | +0.1 pts |
| 75 | Övre Norrland | -0.1 | +0.5 pts |
| 75 | Prov. Oost-Vlaanderen | -0.1 | -0.3 pts |
| 78 | Champagne-Ardenne | -0.2 | +0.1 pts |
| 78 | Kriti | -0.2 | -0.6 pts |
| 78 | Midi-Pyrénées | -0.2 | -0.2 pts |
| 78 | Severovýchod | -0.2 | 0 pts |
| 82 | Navarre | -0.3 | +0.3 pts |
| 82 | Stredné Slovensko | -0.3 | -0.2 pts |
| 84 | Catalonia | -0.4 | 0 pts |
| 84 | Freiburg | -0.4 | 0 pts |
| 84 | Jihozápad | -0.4 | -0.3 pts |
| 84 | Nordjylland | -0.4 | +0.3 pts |
| 84 | Schwaben | -0.4 | +0.1 pts |
| 89 | Centre - Val de Loire | -0.5 | -0.2 pts |
| 89 | Friesland (NL) | -0.5 | +0.5 pts |
| 89 | Languedoc-Roussillon | -0.5 | 0 pts |
| 89 | Syddanmark | -0.5 | +0.1 pts |
| 93 | Norra Mellansverige | -0.6 | -0.3 pts |
| 93 | Prov. Namur | -0.6 | -0.2 pts |
| 93 | Região Autónoma dos Açores | -0.6 | -0.4 pts |
| 96 | Canary Islands | -0.7 | 0 pts |
| 96 | Lorraine | -0.7 | -0.2 pts |
| 98 | Bremen | -0.8 | +0.5 pts |
| 98 | Groningen | -0.8 | +0.4 pts |
| 100 | Aquitaine | -0.9 | -0.1 pts |
| 100 | Střední Morava | -0.9 | -0.5 pts |
| 102 | Eesti | -1 | 0 pts |
| 102 | Mazowiecki regionalny | -1 | -0.1 pts |
| 102 | Mellersta Norrland | -1 | -0.2 pts |
| 102 | Podlaskie | -1 | 0 pts |
| 102 | Prov. Hainaut | -1 | +0.3 pts |
| 107 | Corse | -1.1 | -0.3 pts |
| 107 | Karlsruhe | -1.1 | -0.1 pts |
| 107 | Köln | -1.1 | -0.1 pts |
| 107 | Península de Setúbal | -1.1 | +0.1 pts |
| 111 | Bretagne | -1.2 | -0.1 pts |
| 111 | Campania | -1.2 | -0.2 pts |
| 111 | Mittelfranken | -1.2 | -0.1 pts |
| 111 | Oberpfalz | -1.2 | +0.6 pts |
| 111 | Západné Slovensko | -1.2 | +0.5 pts |
| 116 | Kujawsko-pomorskie | -1.3 | 0 pts |
| 116 | Valencian Community | -1.3 | +0.2 pts |
| 116 | Weser-Ems | -1.3 | +0.5 pts |
| 116 | Zeeland | -1.3 | +0.4 pts |
| 120 | Moravskoslezsko | -1.4 | -0.4 pts |
| 120 | Pest | -1.4 | +0.3 pts |
| 120 | Steiermark | -1.4 | -0.2 pts |
| 120 | Warmińsko-mazurskie | -1.4 | -0.5 pts |
| 124 | Algarve | -1.5 | +0.6 pts |
| 124 | Detmold | -1.5 | +0.3 pts |
| 124 | Provincia Autonoma di Trento | -1.5 | -0.3 pts |
| 124 | Severozápad | -1.5 | +0.3 pts |
| 124 | Vzhodna Slovenija | -1.5 | +0.1 pts |
| 129 | Niederbayern | -1.6 | +0.3 pts |
| 129 | Prov. West-Vlaanderen | -1.6 | +0.1 pts |
| 129 | Sostinės regionas | -1.6 | -0.8 pts |
| 132 | Münster | -1.7 | -0.1 pts |
| 132 | Niederösterreich | -1.7 | -0.1 pts |
| 132 | Nord-Est Estimated | -1.7 | +0.6 pts |
| 132 | Nord-Vest Estimated | -1.7 | +0.1 pts |
| 132 | Unterfranken | -1.7 | +0.6 pts |
| 137 | Centru Estimated | -1.8 | -0.1 pts |
| 137 | Lubelskie | -1.8 | -0.1 pts |
| 139 | Castilla-La Mancha | -2 | -0.2 pts |
| 139 | Dolnośląskie | -2 | -0.2 pts |
| 139 | Lubuskie | -2 | -0.5 pts |
| 142 | Basse-Normandie | -2.1 | -0.1 pts |
| 142 | Drenthe | -2.1 | +0.6 pts |
| 142 | Norte | -2.1 | 0 pts |
| 142 | Rheinhessen-Pfalz | -2.1 | -0.2 pts |
| 146 | Länsi-Suomi | -2.2 | -0.2 pts |
| 147 | La Rioja | -2.3 | +0.5 pts |
| 147 | Opolskie | -2.3 | -0.1 pts |
| 147 | Sjælland | -2.3 | 0 pts |
| 147 | Zachodniopomorskie | -2.3 | -0.4 pts |
| 151 | Düsseldorf | -2.4 | +0.2 pts |
| 151 | Leipzig | -2.4 | +0.1 pts |
| 151 | Trier | -2.4 | +0.5 pts |
| 154 | Śląskie | -2.5 | -0.4 pts |
| 154 | Voreio Aigaio | -2.5 | 0 pts |
| 156 | Auvergne | -2.6 | -0.4 pts |
| 156 | Gießen | -2.6 | -0.2 pts |
| 158 | Bourgogne | -2.7 | -0.4 pts |
| 158 | Lombardia | -2.7 | -0.3 pts |
| 160 | Attiki | -2.8 | -0.6 pts |
| 160 | Basque Country | -2.8 | -0.2 pts |
| 160 | Észak-Alföld | -2.8 | +0.1 pts |
| 160 | Kärnten | -2.8 | -0.1 pts |
| 160 | Sicilia | -2.8 | -0.5 pts |
| 165 | Poitou-Charentes | -2.9 | 0 pts |
| 165 | Puglia | -2.9 | -0.4 pts |
| 167 | Aragon | -3 | +0.1 pts |
| 167 | Calabria | -3 | -0.6 pts |
| 167 | Limburg (NL) | -3 | -0.1 pts |
| 170 | Hannover | -3.1 | 0 pts |
| 170 | Lazio | -3.1 | -0.5 pts |
| 170 | Pohjois- ja Itä-Suomi | -3.1 | -0.3 pts |
| 170 | Região Autónoma da Madeira | -3.1 | +0.1 pts |
| 170 | Veneto | -3.1 | -0.3 pts |
| 175 | Arnsberg | -3.2 | +0.2 pts |
| 175 | Lüneburg | -3.2 | +0.1 pts |
| 177 | Budapest | -3.3 | +0.1 pts |
| 177 | Koblenz | -3.3 | +0.2 pts |
| 179 | Extremadura | -3.4 | 0 pts |
| 180 | Kassel | -3.5 | +0.4 pts |
| 180 | Oberfranken | -3.5 | +0.6 pts |
| 180 | Świętokrzyskie | -3.5 | -0.3 pts |
| 180 | Vest Estimated | -3.5 | -0.3 pts |
| 184 | Braunschweig | -3.6 | +0.1 pts |
| 184 | Schleswig-Holstein | -3.6 | +0.1 pts |
| 186 | Łódzkie | -3.7 | -0.2 pts |
| 187 | Jadranska Hrvatska | -3.8 | -0.1 pts |
| 188 | Burgenland | -3.9 | -0.2 pts |
| 188 | Nyugat-Dunántúl | -3.9 | +0.3 pts |
| 190 | Cantabria | -4.2 | -0.3 pts |
| 190 | Etelä-Suomi | -4.2 | -0.3 pts |
| 192 | Dresden | -4.3 | -0.2 pts |
| 192 | Emilia-Romagna | -4.3 | -0.4 pts |
| 192 | Közép-Dunántúl | -4.3 | +0.3 pts |
| 195 | Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste | -4.4 | +0.2 pts |
| 195 | Yugozapaden | -4.4 | +0.1 pts |
| 197 | Ionia Nisia | -4.5 | -0.7 pts |
| 197 | Kentriki Makedonia | -4.5 | -0.6 pts |
| 199 | Dytiki Elláda | -4.6 | -0.7 pts |
| 199 | Észak-Magyarország | -4.6 | -0.1 pts |
| 201 | Abruzzo | -4.7 | -0.3 pts |
| 201 | Latvija | -4.7 | +0.2 pts |
| 201 | Limousin | -4.7 | -0.2 pts |
| 204 | Brandenburg | -5 | +0.1 pts |
| 204 | Sardegna | -5 | -0.8 pts |
| 206 | Basilicata | -5.1 | -0.6 pts |
| 206 | Marche | -5.1 | -0.5 pts |
| 208 | Oeste e Vale do Tejo | -5.2 | +0.4 pts |
| 209 | Sud-Est Estimated | -5.3 | -0.2 pts |
| 210 | Umbria | -5.4 | -0.5 pts |
| 211 | Dél-Alföld | -5.5 | -0.2 pts |
| 211 | Thessalia | -5.5 | -1 pts |
| 211 | Toscana | -5.5 | -0.5 pts |
| 214 | Centro (PT) | -5.6 | 0 pts |
| 214 | Friuli-Venezia Giulia | -5.6 | -0.1 pts |
| 214 | Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | -5.6 | -0.1 pts |
| 214 | Saarland | -5.6 | +0.2 pts |
| 214 | Sud-Vest Oltenia Estimated | -5.6 | -0.3 pts |
| 219 | Dél-Dunántúl | -5.7 | -0.1 pts |
| 219 | Molise | -5.7 | +0.2 pts |
| 221 | Galicia | -5.8 | +0.1 pts |
| 221 | Piemonte | -5.8 | -0.1 pts |
| 223 | Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki | -5.9 | -0.7 pts |
| 223 | Sud-Muntenia Estimated | -5.9 | -0.1 pts |
| 223 | Thüringen | -5.9 | -0.1 pts |
| 226 | Castile and León | -6 | -0.1 pts |
| 226 | Ipeiros | -6 | -0.6 pts |
| 226 | Vidurio ir vakarų Lietuvos regionas | -6 | 0 pts |
| 229 | Yugoiztochen | -6.1 | -0.2 pts |
| 230 | Dytiki Makedonia | -6.5 | -1.1 pts |
| 230 | Peloponnisos | -6.5 | -0.8 pts |
| 232 | Severoiztochen | -6.6 | +0.1 pts |
| 232 | Yuzhen tsentralen | -6.6 | -0.3 pts |
| 234 | Sterea Elláda | -6.8 | -1.4 pts |
| 235 | Sachsen-Anhalt | -7.1 | +0.2 pts |
| 236 | Asturias | -7.6 | -0.3 pts |
| 237 | Chemnitz | -7.8 | 0 pts |
| 238 | Alentejo | -8 | -0.1 pts |
| 239 | Liguria | -8.2 | +0.4 pts |
| 240 | Severen tsentralen | -11 | -0.2 pts |
| 241 | Severozapaden | -13.1 | -0.5 pts |
Other periods
About this ranking
Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).
Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the regions are compared on one definition. 3 regions with data in other periods have no value for 2019 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.
How to cite
Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.Citation styles
APA 7
Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3) (EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2019) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table
MLA 9
Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2019. Eurostat, European Commission, 21 July 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2019. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.
Chicago (author-date)
Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2019. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2019.
Harvard
Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2019 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2019 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).
BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_eu_regions_nuts_2_2019,
author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
title = {{Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3): EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2019}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Data set},
url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table},
urldate = {2026-10-12},
note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2019. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo\_r\_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY - DATA
AU - Eurostat, European Commission
TI - Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3): EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2019
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/21
PB - Eurostat, European Commission
DB - Invokely
UR - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table
L2 - https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2019
Y2 - 2026/10/12
N1 - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2019.
N1 - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER -
Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Rank EU regions by natural change rate using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"natural_change_rate","level":"region","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=natural_change_rate&level=region&within=European%20Union%20(27)&limit=10Questions
Which region has the highest natural change rate?
Mayotte, with 32.7 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2019, according to Eurostat, European Commission.
Which region has the lowest natural change rate?
Severozapaden, with -13.1 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2019.
Where does this ranking come from?
Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12. 3 regions have no value for 2019 and are not ranked.
Natural change rate: other rankings
- Regions of Portugal (NUTS 2)
- Regions of Greece (NUTS 2)
- Regions of Romania (NUTS 2)
- Provinces of Spain
- NUTS 3 areas of Estonia
- NUTS 3 areas of Romania