EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate
Mayotte had the highest natural change rate of 244 regions in 2021, at 32.2 per 1,000 inhabitants. Severozapaden had the lowest, at -21.4 per 1,000 inhabitants. The median was -3 per 1,000 inhabitants and the figure for the European Union (27) was -2.7 per 1,000 inhabitants. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.
Top 40 regions, 2021
Full ranking
| Rank | Regions | 2021 | Change on 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mayotte | 32.2 | +3.3 pts |
| 2 | Guyane | 23.5 | -1 pts |
| 3 | La Réunion | 8.8 | -0.4 pts |
| 4 | Ile-de-France | 6.8 | +0.5 pts |
| 5 | Eastern and Midland | 6.2 | +0.7 pts |
| 6 | Région de Bruxelles-Capitale/ Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest | 5.6 | +1.6 pts |
| 6 | Stockholm | 5.6 | +1.4 pts |
| 8 | Flevoland | 5.2 | +0.2 pts |
| 9 | Melilla | 4.3 | +0.1 pts |
| 10 | Northern and Western | 4.1 | +0.3 pts |
| 10 | Southern | 4.1 | +0.1 pts |
| 12 | Hovedstaden | 3.8 | +0.3 pts |
| 13 | Kýpros | 3.4 | -0.5 pts |
| 13 | Luxembourg | 3.4 | +0.5 pts |
| 15 | Utrecht | 3.3 | +0.7 pts |
| 16 | Rhône-Alpes | 2.6 | +0.9 pts |
| 17 | Helsinki-Uusimaa | 2.5 | +0.6 pts |
| 18 | Västsverige | 2.4 | +0.6 pts |
| 19 | Vorarlberg | 2.3 | +0.3 pts |
| 20 | Midtjylland | 2.1 | -0.1 pts |
| 21 | Sydsverige | 1.9 | +0.3 pts |
| 22 | Noord-Holland | 1.7 | +0.5 pts |
| 22 | Tirol | 1.7 | +0.7 pts |
| 22 | Zuid-Holland | 1.7 | +0.7 pts |
| 25 | Östra Mellansverige | 1.4 | +0.5 pts |
| 25 | Prov. Antwerpen | 1.4 | +1.6 pts |
| 27 | Hamburg | 1.2 | +0.1 pts |
| 28 | Nord-Pas de Calais | 1.1 | 0 pts |
| 29 | Åland | 1 | +2 pts |
| 30 | Oberbayern | 0.9 | +0.3 pts |
| 30 | Prov. Vlaams-Brabant | 0.9 | +1.2 pts |
| 30 | Småland med öarna | 0.9 | +0.6 pts |
| 33 | Alsace | 0.8 | +0.7 pts |
| 33 | Salzburg | 0.8 | -0.2 pts |
| 35 | Notio Aigaio | 0.7 | -0.7 pts |
| 35 | Pays de la Loire | 0.7 | +0.1 pts |
| 35 | Prov. Luxembourg (BE) | 0.7 | +0.9 pts |
| 35 | Region of Murcia | 0.7 | -0.2 pts |
| 35 | Wien | 0.7 | 0 pts |
| 40 | Balearic Islands | 0.6 | -0.2 pts |
| 41 | Ceuta | 0.5 | -1.8 pts |
| 41 | Haute-Normandie | 0.5 | +0.4 pts |
| 41 | Praha Series break | 0.5 | -0.3 pts |
| 44 | Berlin | 0.4 | +0.1 pts |
| 44 | Malta | 0.4 | -0.2 pts |
| 44 | Prov. Brabant wallon | 0.4 | +1.6 pts |
| 44 | Prov. Oost-Vlaanderen | 0.4 | +1.7 pts |
| 44 | Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano/Bozen | 0.4 | +0.9 pts |
| 49 | Community of Madrid | 0.2 | +2.3 pts |
| 49 | Picardie | 0.2 | +0.4 pts |
| 51 | Bratislavský kraj | 0.1 | -2.6 pts |
| 51 | Guadeloupe | 0.1 | -3 pts |
| 53 | Noord-Brabant | 0 | +1.2 pts |
| 53 | Oberösterreich | 0 | +0.1 pts |
| 53 | Stuttgart | 0 | +0.3 pts |
| 53 | Tübingen | 0 | +0.2 pts |
| 57 | Overijssel | -0.1 | +0.3 pts |
| 58 | Gelderland | -0.2 | +0.3 pts |
| 59 | Prov. Namur | -0.4 | +1.7 pts |
| 60 | Darmstadt | -0.5 | +0.1 pts |
| 60 | Prov. Liège | -0.5 | +2.5 pts |
| 60 | Prov. Limburg (BE) | -0.5 | +0.9 pts |
| 60 | Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur | -0.5 | -0.4 pts |
| 64 | Midi-Pyrénées | -0.6 | 0 pts |
| 65 | Kriti | -0.7 | -0.4 pts |
| 65 | Nordjylland | -0.7 | -0.2 pts |
| 65 | Övre Norrland | -0.7 | 0 pts |
| 65 | Schwaben | -0.7 | +0.2 pts |
| 65 | Syddanmark | -0.7 | -0.1 pts |
| 65 | Zahodna Slovenija | -0.7 | +0.2 pts |
| 71 | Franche-Comté | -0.8 | +0.7 pts |
| 72 | Freiburg | -0.9 | +0.1 pts |
| 73 | Navarre | -1 | +1.5 pts |
| 74 | Friesland (NL) | -1.1 | -0.2 pts |
| 74 | Východné Slovensko | -1.1 | -2.7 pts |
| 76 | Champagne-Ardenne | -1.2 | +0.3 pts |
| 76 | Střední Čechy Series break | -1.2 | -0.6 pts |
| 78 | Centre - Val de Loire | -1.3 | 0 pts |
| 78 | Karlsruhe | -1.3 | +0.2 pts |
| 80 | Aquitaine | -1.4 | -0.3 pts |
| 80 | Köln | -1.4 | +0.1 pts |
| 80 | Languedoc-Roussillon | -1.4 | -0.2 pts |
| 80 | Prov. Hainaut | -1.4 | +2 pts |
| 80 | Região Autónoma dos Açores | -1.4 | 0 pts |
| 85 | Bretagne | -1.5 | -0.1 pts |
| 85 | Catalonia | -1.5 | +1.3 pts |
| 85 | Groningen | -1.5 | -0.2 pts |
| 85 | Weser-Ems | -1.5 | +0.2 pts |
| 89 | Andalusia | -1.6 | -0.1 pts |
| 89 | Mellersta Norrland | -1.6 | +1.2 pts |
| 89 | Norra Mellansverige | -1.6 | +0.2 pts |
| 92 | Steiermark | -1.7 | +1.1 pts |
| 93 | Bremen | -1.8 | -0.1 pts |
| 93 | Grande Lisboa | -1.8 | -1.2 pts |
| 93 | Jihovýchod Series break | -1.8 | -0.5 pts |
| 93 | Lorraine | -1.8 | +0.6 pts |
| 93 | Mittelfranken | -1.8 | -0.1 pts |
| 98 | Detmold | -1.9 | -0.1 pts |
| 99 | Canary Islands | -2 | -0.5 pts |
| 99 | Münster | -2 | 0 pts |
| 99 | Prov. West-Vlaanderen | -2 | +1.3 pts |
| 99 | Warszawski stołeczny Series break | -2 | -1.4 pts |
| 103 | Oberpfalz | -2.1 | -0.1 pts |
| 103 | Pomorskie Series break | -2.1 | -1.6 pts |
| 105 | Länsi-Suomi | -2.2 | +0.2 pts |
| 105 | Małopolskie Series break | -2.2 | -1.2 pts |
| 105 | Niederbayern | -2.2 | +0.1 pts |
| 105 | Provincia Autonoma di Trento | -2.2 | +2.4 pts |
| 105 | Rheinhessen-Pfalz | -2.2 | 0 pts |
| 110 | Unterfranken | -2.4 | -0.3 pts |
| 111 | Corse | -2.5 | -0.4 pts |
| 112 | Niederösterreich | -2.6 | -0.2 pts |
| 113 | Sjælland | -2.7 | -0.2 pts |
| 113 | Valencian Community | -2.7 | -0.2 pts |
| 115 | Martinique | -2.8 | -2.6 pts |
| 115 | Wielkopolskie Series break | -2.8 | -1.6 pts |
| 117 | Basse-Normandie | -2.9 | -0.3 pts |
| 117 | Castilla-La Mancha | -2.9 | +2.5 pts |
| 117 | Drenthe | -2.9 | 0 pts |
| 117 | Trier | -2.9 | -0.1 pts |
| 121 | Gießen | -3 | 0 pts |
| 121 | Jihozápad Series break | -3 | -1 pts |
| 121 | Zeeland | -3 | -1.1 pts |
| 124 | Campania | -3.1 | -0.7 pts |
| 124 | Düsseldorf | -3.1 | 0 pts |
| 126 | Auvergne | -3.2 | +0.7 pts |
| 127 | Bourgogne | -3.3 | +0.5 pts |
| 127 | Kärnten | -3.3 | +0.7 pts |
| 127 | Vzhodna Slovenija | -3.3 | +0.6 pts |
| 130 | Norte | -3.4 | +0.3 pts |
| 130 | Península de Setúbal | -3.4 | -1.1 pts |
| 130 | Pest | -3.4 | -1.4 pts |
| 130 | Pohjois- ja Itä-Suomi | -3.4 | -0.3 pts |
| 130 | Střední Morava Series break | -3.4 | -0.5 pts |
| 135 | Hannover | -3.5 | -0.4 pts |
| 135 | Lüneburg | -3.5 | -0.1 pts |
| 135 | Severovýchod Series break | -3.5 | -1.7 pts |
| 135 | Voreio Aigaio | -3.5 | -2.9 pts |
| 139 | Algarve | -3.7 | -1.3 pts |
| 139 | Arnsberg | -3.7 | -0.1 pts |
| 141 | Aragon | -3.8 | +1.9 pts |
| 141 | Grad Zagreb | -3.8 | -1.1 pts |
| 141 | La Rioja | -3.8 | +0.5 pts |
| 141 | Poitou-Charentes | -3.8 | -0.4 pts |
| 145 | Braunschweig | -3.9 | -0.2 pts |
| 145 | Koblenz | -3.9 | -0.3 pts |
| 145 | Lombardia | -3.9 | +2.7 pts |
| 145 | Schleswig-Holstein | -3.9 | -0.2 pts |
| 149 | Basque Country | -4 | +0.3 pts |
| 149 | Eesti | -4 | -2 pts |
| 149 | Limburg (NL) | -4 | +0.5 pts |
| 149 | Stredné Slovensko | -4 | -2.8 pts |
| 153 | Bucureşti-Ilfov Estimated | -4.1 | -2.7 pts |
| 154 | Attiki | -4.3 | -1.3 pts |
| 154 | Etelä-Suomi | -4.3 | -0.1 pts |
| 154 | Leipzig | -4.3 | -1.2 pts |
| 154 | Podkarpackie Series break | -4.3 | -2.1 pts |
| 154 | Veneto | -4.3 | +0.8 pts |
| 159 | Kassel | -4.5 | -0.4 pts |
| 159 | Moravskoslezsko Series break | -4.5 | -1 pts |
| 159 | Região Autónoma da Madeira | -4.5 | -1.1 pts |
| 159 | Sicilia | -4.5 | -0.8 pts |
| 163 | Burgenland | -4.6 | +0.2 pts |
| 164 | Cantabria | -4.7 | +0.5 pts |
| 164 | Lazio | -4.7 | -0.4 pts |
| 166 | Extremadura | -4.8 | +0.6 pts |
| 166 | Ionia Nisia | -4.8 | -0.3 pts |
| 166 | Sostinės regionas | -4.8 | -1.4 pts |
| 169 | Oberfranken | -4.9 | -0.2 pts |
| 170 | Calabria | -5.1 | -1.3 pts |
| 170 | Puglia | -5.1 | -0.7 pts |
| 172 | Limousin | -5.3 | -0.4 pts |
| 173 | Severozápad Series break | -5.4 | -1.6 pts |
| 174 | Budapest | -5.5 | -0.8 pts |
| 174 | Észak-Alföld | -5.5 | -1.8 pts |
| 174 | Nord-Est Estimated | -5.5 | -1.9 pts |
| 174 | Západné Slovensko | -5.5 | -2.7 pts |
| 178 | Dolnośląskie Series break | -5.6 | -1.4 pts |
| 179 | Emilia-Romagna | -5.7 | +0.9 pts |
| 180 | Mazowiecki regionalny Series break | -5.8 | -1.9 pts |
| 181 | Kujawsko-pomorskie Series break | -5.9 | -2.2 pts |
| 181 | Nord-Vest Estimated | -5.9 | -1.7 pts |
| 183 | Podlaskie Series break | -6 | -2.4 pts |
| 183 | Saarland | -6 | -0.3 pts |
| 185 | Centru Estimated | -6.1 | -2 pts |
| 185 | Lubuskie Series break | -6.1 | -2 pts |
| 185 | Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste | -6.1 | +2.2 pts |
| 188 | Abruzzo | -6.2 | -0.1 pts |
| 189 | Dytiki Elláda | -6.3 | -1.7 pts |
| 189 | Nyugat-Dunántúl | -6.3 | -0.8 pts |
| 189 | Warmińsko-mazurskie Series break | -6.3 | -2.9 pts |
| 192 | Jadranska Hrvatska | -6.4 | -1.6 pts |
| 193 | Basilicata | -6.5 | -0.7 pts |
| 193 | Opolskie Series break | -6.5 | -1.4 pts |
| 193 | Sardegna | -6.5 | +0.1 pts |
| 193 | Sjeverna Hrvatska | -6.5 | -1.4 pts |
| 193 | Zachodniopomorskie Series break | -6.5 | -2 pts |
| 198 | Galicia | -6.7 | -0.2 pts |
| 199 | Castile and León | -6.8 | +2.6 pts |
| 199 | Toscana | -6.8 | +0.1 pts |
| 201 | Közép-Dunántúl | -6.9 | -1.4 pts |
| 202 | Marche | -7 | 0 pts |
| 202 | Piemonte | -7 | +2 pts |
| 204 | Ipeiros | -7.1 | -0.9 pts |
| 204 | Lubelskie Series break | -7.1 | -2.6 pts |
| 206 | Brandenburg | -7.2 | -1 pts |
| 206 | Dresden | -7.2 | -0.4 pts |
| 206 | Umbria | -7.2 | -0.5 pts |
| 209 | Śląskie Series break | -7.3 | -2.3 pts |
| 210 | Centro (PT) | -7.4 | -0.8 pts |
| 210 | Kentriki Makedonia | -7.4 | -1.1 pts |
| 212 | Oeste e Vale do Tejo | -7.5 | -1.3 pts |
| 213 | Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | -7.6 | -1.5 pts |
| 214 | Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki | -7.7 | +0.1 pts |
| 215 | Friuli-Venezia Giulia | -7.8 | -0.3 pts |
| 215 | Łódzkie Series break | -7.8 | -1.6 pts |
| 215 | Peloponnisos | -7.8 | -1.3 pts |
| 218 | Észak-Magyarország | -8 | -2.2 pts |
| 219 | Sterea Elláda | -8.1 | -2.1 pts |
| 220 | Thessalia | -8.3 | -1.7 pts |
| 221 | Świętokrzyskie Series break | -8.4 | -1.8 pts |
| 222 | Asturias | -8.5 | +1.1 pts |
| 222 | Dél-Alföld | -8.5 | -1.8 pts |
| 224 | Vest Estimated | -8.6 | -2.6 pts |
| 225 | Molise | -9 | -1.1 pts |
| 226 | Dytiki Makedonia | -9.1 | -1.4 pts |
| 226 | Latvija | -9.1 | -3.2 pts |
| 228 | Dél-Dunántúl | -9.2 | -2.6 pts |
| 228 | Thüringen | -9.2 | -2.5 pts |
| 230 | Liguria | -9.3 | +1.9 pts |
| 231 | Sud-Est Estimated | -9.5 | -2.5 pts |
| 232 | Panonska Hrvatska | -9.7 | -1.3 pts |
| 233 | Sachsen-Anhalt | -9.8 | -1.7 pts |
| 234 | Sud-Vest Oltenia Estimated | -9.9 | -2.4 pts |
| 235 | Alentejo | -10 | -0.8 pts |
| 236 | Yugozapaden | -10.2 | -3.4 pts |
| 237 | Vidurio ir vakarų Lietuvos regionas | -10.3 | -1.7 pts |
| 238 | Sud-Muntenia Estimated | -10.8 | -2.2 pts |
| 239 | Chemnitz | -11.2 | -1 pts |
| 240 | Yugoiztochen | -12.3 | -3.6 pts |
| 241 | Yuzhen tsentralen | -13.7 | -3.4 pts |
| 242 | Severoiztochen | -13.9 | -4.3 pts |
| 243 | Severen tsentralen | -19.6 | -4.5 pts |
| 244 | Severozapaden | -21.4 | -5.3 pts |
Other periods
About this ranking
Live births minus deaths during the year per 1,000 average residents (Eurostat crude rate of natural change).
Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the regions are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.
How to cite
Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.Citation styles
APA 7
Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3) (EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2021) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table
MLA 9
Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2021. Eurostat, European Commission, 21 July 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2021. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.
Chicago (author-date)
Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2021. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2021.
Harvard
Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3), EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2021 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2021 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).
BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_eu_regions_nuts_2_2021,
author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
title = {{Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3): EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2021}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Data set},
url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table},
urldate = {2026-10-12},
note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2021. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo\_r\_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo\_r\_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY - DATA
AU - Eurostat, European Commission
TI - Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3): EU regions (NUTS 2) by natural change rate, 2021
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/21
PB - Eurostat, European Commission
DB - Invokely
UR - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table
L2 - https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2021
Y2 - 2026/10/12
N1 - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/natural-change-rate/eu-regions?period=2021.
N1 - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER -
Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Rank EU regions by natural change rate using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"natural_change_rate","level":"region","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=natural_change_rate&level=region&within=European%20Union%20(27)&limit=10Questions
Which region has the highest natural change rate?
Mayotte, with 32.2 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2021, according to Eurostat, European Commission.
Which region has the lowest natural change rate?
Severozapaden, with -21.4 per 1,000 inhabitants in 2021.
Where does this ranking come from?
Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Natural change rate: other rankings
- Regions of Portugal (NUTS 2)
- Regions of Greece (NUTS 2)
- Regions of Romania (NUTS 2)
- Provinces of Spain
- NUTS 3 areas of Estonia
- NUTS 3 areas of Romania