US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home

Hialeah Gardens, FL had the highest population speaking a language other than English at home of 3214 cities in 2023, at 94.8%. Ironton, OH had the lowest, at 0.2%. The median was 14.2% and the figure for the United States was 22%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest94.8Hialeah Gardens, FL

Lowest0.2Ironton, OH

Median14.23214 cities

United States22History

Top 40 cities, 2023

%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	Cities	2023 (%)	Change on 2022
1	Hialeah Gardens, FL	94.8	+1.4 pts
2	Hidalgo, TX	93.8	-1.8 pts
3	Calexico, CA	93.6	-0.6 pts
4	New Square, NY	93.4	-1.1 pts
5	Roma, TX	93.2	-2 pts
6	Hialeah, FL	92.8	+0.2 pts
7	Kiryas Joel, NY	92.7	+0.5 pts
8	Nogales, AZ	92.5	-0.8 pts
9	San Luis, AZ	91.9	+0.7 pts
10	Sweetwater, FL	91.8	+0.5 pts
11	San Elizario, TX	91.1	-2.4 pts
12	Maywood, CA	90.2	-1.5 pts
13	Doral, FL	89.7	+1.1 pts
14	Bell Gardens, CA	89.7	-1.1 pts
15	Rio Grande City, TX	89.7	+1.4 pts
16	Cudahy, CA	89.5	-0.3 pts
17	Huntington Park, CA	89.4	-0.8 pts
18	Alton, TX	88.9	+0.9 pts
19	Somerton, AZ	88.7	+7.9 pts
20	Laredo, TX	88.1	-0.4 pts
21	Mendota, CA	87.9	+0.6 pts
22	Miami Lakes, FL	87.1	-0.6 pts
23	Bell, CA	86.9	-0.5 pts
24	Eagle Pass, TX	86.7	+0.2 pts
25	Socorro, TX	84.4	-2.9 pts
26	Brownsville, TX	84.4	-0.7 pts
27	Greenfield, CA	84.4	+0.6 pts
28	South Gate, CA	84	-1.5 pts
29	Arvin, CA	83.9	-0.4 pts
30	Palmview, TX	83.1	-3.7 pts
31	Key Biscayne, FL	82.8	-0.2 pts
32	El Monte, CA	82.2	-0.9 pts
33	Union City, NJ	81.9	+0.5 pts
34	Cicero, IL	81.8	+0.3 pts
34	Pharr, TX	81.8	-1.9 pts
36	San Juan, TX	81.6	-0.2 pts
37	King City, CA	81.4	+2 pts
38	Rosemead, CA	81.3	+0.6 pts
39	Coachella, CA	81.1	-0.3 pts
40	South El Monte, CA	80.9	+0.2 pts
41	Perth Amboy, NJ	80.9	+0.2 pts
42	Parlier, CA	80.7	-0.2 pts
43	Galena Park, TX	80.1	-1.9 pts
44	Sunland Park, NM	80.1	-4.2 pts
45	Guttenberg, NJ	79.7	+3.1 pts
46	Baldwin Park, CA	79.6	-0.8 pts
47	Lynwood, CA	79.1	-1 pts
48	Mission, TX	78.9	-2.2 pts
49	Lawrence, MA	78.5	+0.6 pts
50	Dover, NJ	78.1	+0.6 pts
51	Santa Ana, CA	78	-0.3 pts
52	West New York, NJ	77.6	-0 pts
53	Livingston, CA	77.6	-4.2 pts
54	Miami, FL	77.4	-0.4 pts
55	Avenal, CA	77.2	+0.2 pts
56	El Centro, CA	77.1	+0.9 pts
57	North Miami, FL	76.8	+0.4 pts
58	Elizabeth, NJ	76.6	+0.2 pts
59	Spring Valley, NY	76	+2.5 pts
60	La Puente, CA	75.9	-0.4 pts
61	Palisades Park, NJ	75.8	+0.9 pts
62	Donna, TX	75.4	-4.6 pts
63	Sunny Isles Beach, FL	75	-1 pts
64	Watsonville, CA	74.8	-0.1 pts
65	Grandview, WA	74.7	+2.3 pts
66	Lindsay, CA	74.5	+1.1 pts
67	Mercedes, TX	74.3	-4 pts
68	Hawaiian Gardens, CA	73.8	+0.7 pts
69	South Houston, TX	73.7	+1.8 pts
70	Commerce, CA	73.6	-1.2 pts
71	McAllen, TX	73.6	-1.1 pts
72	Horizon City, TX	73.4	-3.9 pts
73	Miami Springs, FL	73	-0.4 pts
74	Delano, CA	72.9	+0.2 pts
74	Passaic, NJ	72.9	-0.5 pts
76	Melrose Park, IL	72.5	+0.4 pts
77	Palm Springs, FL	72.4	+1.3 pts
78	Summit, IL	72.4	+1.5 pts
79	Edinburg, TX	72.2	-0.1 pts
80	North Miami Beach, FL	72.1	-0.2 pts
81	Salinas, CA	72	-0.3 pts
82	Monterey Park, CA	71.8	-1 pts
83	Hamtramck, MI	71.6	+1.5 pts
84	San Fernando, CA	71.6	-2.3 pts
85	Montebello, CA	71.5	+0.4 pts
86	Sunnyside, WA	71.4	-2 pts
87	Paramount, CA	71.4	-1.6 pts
88	Central Falls, RI	71.2	+1.3 pts
89	Weslaco, TX	71.2	-2.4 pts
90	San Gabriel, CA	71.2	-0.3 pts
91	Doraville, GA	71.1	+5.3 pts
92	McFarland, CA	71	-1.9 pts
93	Douglas, AZ	70.9	-0.5 pts
94	Fairview, NJ	70.7	+3.8 pts
95	Chelsea, MA	70.4	-0.6 pts
96	Alamo, TX	69.8	-3.6 pts
97	Lexington, NE	69.1	+5.4 pts
98	Kerman, CA	69.1	-3.6 pts
99	National City, CA	69	-1.8 pts
100	Milpitas, CA	68.9	+0.9 pts
101	Aventura, FL	68.8	+0.7 pts
101	Imperial, CA	68.8	+1.3 pts
103	Wasco, CA	68.7	-1.9 pts
104	Homestead, FL	68.6	+2.5 pts
105	Alhambra, CA	68.5	-0.8 pts
106	Miami Beach, FL	68.5	-0.5 pts
107	Soledad, CA	68.2	+0.4 pts
108	Temple City, CA	68.1	+1.2 pts
109	Kissimmee, FL	68	-1.2 pts
110	Garden Grove, CA	67.9	+0.2 pts
111	Stanton, CA	67.8	+0.1 pts
112	Lawndale, CA	67.7	-1.7 pts
113	Oxnard, CA	67.6	+1.2 pts
114	Brawley, CA	67.3	+1.7 pts
115	Garfield, NJ	67.3	+0.4 pts
116	Artesia, CA	67.1	+0.5 pts
117	Walnut, CA	66.7	+1.9 pts
118	Harrison, NJ	66.7	-1.5 pts
119	Farmersville, CA	66.6	-2.7 pts
120	Santa Maria, CA	66.6	+0.7 pts
121	Pico Rivera, CA	66.5	+1.1 pts
122	Del Rio, TX	66.4	-1 pts
122	El Paso, TX	66.4	-0.6 pts
124	Cutler Bay, FL	66.2	+1.3 pts
125	Weston, FL	66.2	-1 pts
126	San Pablo, CA	66.1	+0.7 pts
127	Perris, CA	66	+0.2 pts
128	Glendale, CA	66	-0.7 pts
129	Paterson, NJ	66	+0.2 pts
130	Santa Paula, CA	65.8	+0.5 pts
131	East Palo Alto, CA	65.1	-0.6 pts
132	Downey, CA	65.1	+0.1 pts
133	Westminster, CA	64.8	+0.4 pts
134	Kearny, NJ	64.6	-3.2 pts
135	Compton, CA	64.3	-0.6 pts
136	Cliffside Park, NJ	64	-1 pts
137	Town of Pecos, TX	63.8	+8.9 pts
138	Fremont, CA	63.8	+1.1 pts
139	Pomona, CA	63.7	-1.2 pts
140	Norwalk, CA	63.5	-0.9 pts
141	Cupertino, CA	63.2	+1.8 pts
142	Dinuba, CA	63	-2.2 pts
143	Wheeling, IL	63	-1 pts
144	Everett, MA	62.9	+1.3 pts
145	Davenport, FL	62.4	+2.4 pts
146	Robstown, TX	62.3	+1.2 pts
147	Wallington, NJ	62.3	-4.2 pts
148	Franklin Park, IL	62.1	+0.4 pts
148	Haverstraw, NY	62.1	+3.2 pts
150	Daly City, CA	61.8	-0.1 pts
151	Diamond Bar, CA	61.7	+1.9 pts
152	Lilburn, GA	61.6	+0.9 pts
153	San Benito, TX	61.2	+3.4 pts
154	Union City, CA	61.2	-3.4 pts
155	Liberal, KS	61.1	+1 pts
156	Hallandale Beach, FL	61	-0.3 pts
156	Sleepy Hollow, NY	61	+0.5 pts
158	Coral Gables, FL	60.9	-0.6 pts
159	Madera, CA	60.9	-0.8 pts
160	San Marino, CA	60.8	+1.3 pts
161	Fort Lee, NJ	60.6	+0.3 pts
162	Irving, TX	60.5	-0 pts
163	Hayward, CA	60.4	0 pts
164	Reedley, CA	60.3	-2.3 pts
165	Ridgefield, NJ	60.2	-2.4 pts
166	Anaheim, CA	60.2	+0.6 pts
167	Niles, IL	60.1	+1.6 pts
168	Ceres, CA	60	+1 pts
169	Sunnyvale, CA	59.9	+0.4 pts
170	Port Chester, NY	59.8	-3.2 pts
171	Española, NM	59.6	-0.6 pts
172	Burbank, IL	59.6	+2 pts
173	Deming, NM	59.5	+3.1 pts
174	Florida City, FL	59.4	+4.5 pts
174	Hazleton, PA	59.4	+2.3 pts
176	West Covina, CA	59.3	+1.8 pts
177	Prospect Heights, IL	59.2	+1.8 pts
178	Addison, IL	59.1	+3 pts
179	North Plainfield, NJ	59	+4.5 pts
180	Glendale Heights, IL	58.9	+2 pts
181	South Miami, FL	58.7	-1.9 pts
182	San Jose, CA	58.6	+0.5 pts
183	Shafter, CA	58.6	-4 pts
184	Plainfield, NJ	58.5	+3 pts
185	Woodburn, OR	58.4	+2.1 pts
186	Bellflower, CA	58.1	+0.8 pts
187	Hereford, TX	58.1	+0.9 pts
188	Norridge, IL	58.1	+5.6 pts
188	Raymondville, TX	58.1	+0.4 pts
190	Fontana, CA	58	+0.2 pts
191	Rialto, CA	58	-0.2 pts
192	Arcadia, CA	58	+0.4 pts
193	West Haverstraw, NY	57.9	+6.7 pts
194	Little Ferry, NJ	57.6	+1.7 pts
195	Montclair, CA	57.4	-2.8 pts
196	Hawthorne, CA	57.4	-0 pts
197	Newman, CA	57.3	-1.6 pts
198	Newark, CA	57.2	-0.2 pts
199	Pinecrest, FL	57.2	+2.8 pts
200	Cerritos, CA	57.1	+1.9 pts
201	Jurupa Valley, CA	57.1	-0.2 pts
202	Northlake, IL	56.8	-0.7 pts
203	Los Angeles, CA	56.8	-0.6 pts
204	Edgewater, NJ	56.7	+2.6 pts
205	Linden, NJ	56.6	+1.7 pts
206	Revere, MA	56.6	-1.1 pts
207	Lake Worth Beach, FL	56.6	-0.7 pts
208	Chula Vista, CA	56.5	+0.4 pts
209	New Brunswick, NJ	56.5	+2.2 pts
210	Greenacres, FL	56.4	+1 pts
211	Santa Clara, CA	56.2	+1.1 pts
212	Patterson, CA	56.2	-5.6 pts
213	Schiller Park, IL	56.1	-9.1 pts
214	Mountain House, CA	56	+5.7 pts
215	Carteret, NJ	55.6	-3.7 pts
216	Carpentersville, IL	55.5	-1.4 pts
217	Hanover Park, IL	55.4	-0.5 pts
218	Clifton, NJ	55.3	-1.7 pts
219	Azusa, CA	55.1	-0.2 pts
220	Waukegan, IL	55.1	+2.2 pts
221	Hickory Hills, IL	55	+0.6 pts
222	Ridgefield Park, NJ	55	0 pts
223	Reading, PA	54.9	+1.8 pts
224	Richmond, CA	54.8	+0.4 pts
225	Duarte, CA	54.7	-2.6 pts
226	Manassas Park, VA	54.6	+2.6 pts
227	Porterville, CA	54.5	+1.9 pts
228	San Bernardino, CA	54.1	+1.4 pts
229	Dodge City, KS	54.1	-1.4 pts
229	Opa-locka, FL	54.1	+3.2 pts
231	Pleasantville, NJ	54	+2.1 pts
232	Ontario, CA	53.8	-1 pts
233	Gardena, CA	53.8	-1 pts
234	Foster City, CA	53.7	-0.3 pts
235	San Leandro, CA	53.7	+1.2 pts
236	Indio, CA	53.7	-0 pts
237	Bensenville, IL	53.6	+3.7 pts
238	Berwyn, IL	53.6	-0.9 pts
239	Carson, CA	53.6	-0.8 pts
239	Herndon, VA	53.6	-0.1 pts
241	Sanger, CA	53.5	+1.5 pts
242	Uvalde, TX	53.4	+1 pts
243	Elmwood Park, NJ	53.4	-3 pts
244	Freehold, NJ	53.3	+7.3 pts
245	Gaithersburg, MD	53.3	+1.3 pts
246	Bound Brook, NJ	53.2	+0.8 pts
246	Pasco, WA	53.2	+2 pts
248	Colton, CA	53.2	+1 pts
249	South San Francisco, CA	53	+1.1 pts
250	Alice, TX	53	+2 pts

Showing the top 250 of 3214. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

2024
2023
2022
2021

About this ranking

People aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of all people aged 5 and over. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

Measures the language used at home, not English ability: most people in this group also speak English. Spanish speakers are shown separately in spanish_at_home_share.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the cities are compared on one definition. 5 cities with data in other periods have no value for 2023 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more) (US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_cities_by_population_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Rank US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home using official data, and cite the source.

rank_places {"indicator":"language_other_than_english_share","level":"municipality","within":"United States","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=language_other_than_english_share&level=municipality&within=United%20States&limit=10

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Questions

Which city has the highest population speaking a language other than English at home?

Hialeah Gardens, FL, with 94.8% in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which city has the lowest population speaking a language other than English at home?

Ironton, OH, with 0.2% in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Retrieved 2026-10-12. 5 cities have no value for 2023 and are not ranked.