Data / Rankings / Population speaking a language other than English at home / US cities

US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home

San Elizario, TX had the highest population speaking a language other than English at home of 3211 cities in 2021, at 95.2%. Oakland, TN had the lowest, at 0.3%. The median was 13.5% and the figure for the United States was 21.7%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest95.2San Elizario, TX
Lowest0.3Oakland, TN
Median13.53211 cities
United States21.7History

Top 40 cities, 2021

San Elizario, TX: 95.2 %San Elizario, TX95.2Hidalgo, TX: 94.7 %Hidalgo, TX94.7Roma, TX: 94.6 %Roma, TX94.6Calexico, CA: 94.2 %Calexico, CA94.2Hialeah Gardens, FL: 94.1 %Hialeah Gardens, FL94.1New Square, NY: 94.1 %New Square, NY94.1Kiryas Joel, NY: 94 %Kiryas Joel, NY94Hialeah, FL: 93.2 %Hialeah, FL93.2Maywood, CA: 92.4 %Maywood, CA92.4Bell Gardens, CA: 92 %Bell Gardens, CA92Nogales, AZ: 91.7 %Nogales, AZ91.7Sweetwater, FL: 91.7 %Sweetwater, FL91.7San Luis, AZ: 91.3 %San Luis, AZ91.3Huntington Park, CA: 90.3 %Huntington Park, CA90.3Alton, TX: 89.8 %Alton, TX89.8Laredo, TX: 89.7 %Laredo, TX89.7Cudahy, CA: 89.6 %Cudahy, CA89.6Rio Grande City, TX: 89.3 %Rio Grande City, TX89.3Doral, FL: 88.4 %Doral, FL88.4Bell, CA: 88.3 %Bell, CA88.3Palmview, TX: 88.3 %Palmview, TX88.3Arvin, CA: 87.8 %Arvin, CA87.8Socorro, TX: 87.6 %Socorro, TX87.6Miami Lakes, FL: 87.4 %Miami Lakes, FL87.4Coachella, CA: 87.3 %Coachella, CA87.3Eagle Pass, TX: 87.2 %Eagle Pass, TX87.2Mendota, CA: 87 %Mendota, CA87South Gate, CA: 86.2 %South Gate, CA86.2Brownsville, TX: 85.3 %Brownsville, TX85.3Greenfield, CA: 84.8 %Greenfield, CA84.8Sunland Park, NM: 84.6 %Sunland Park, NM84.6Pharr, TX: 83.4 %Pharr, TX83.4El Monte, CA: 83.1 %El Monte, CA83.1Key Biscayne, FL: 83.1 %Key Biscayne, FL83.1Lynwood, CA: 83 %Lynwood, CA83Livingston, CA: 82.5 %Livingston, CA82.5Union City, NJ: 82.3 %Union City, NJ82.3Somerton, AZ: 82 %Somerton, AZ82Cicero, IL: 81.8 %Cicero, IL81.8Mercedes, TX: 81.5 %Mercedes, TX81.5San Elizario, TX: 95.2 %San Elizario, TX95.2Hidalgo, TX: 94.7 %Hidalgo, TX94.7Roma, TX: 94.6 %Roma, TX94.6Calexico, CA: 94.2 %Calexico, CA94.2Hialeah Gardens, FL: 94.1 %Hialeah Gardens, FL94.1New Square, NY: 94.1 %New Square, NY94.1Kiryas Joel, NY: 94 %Kiryas Joel, NY94Hialeah, FL: 93.2 %Hialeah, FL93.2Maywood, CA: 92.4 %Maywood, CA92.4Bell Gardens, CA: 92 %Bell Gardens, CA92Nogales, AZ: 91.7 %Nogales, AZ91.7Sweetwater, FL: 91.7 %Sweetwater, FL91.7San Luis, AZ: 91.3 %San Luis, AZ91.3Huntington Park, CA: 90.3 %Huntington Park, CA90.3Alton, TX: 89.8 %Alton, TX89.8Laredo, TX: 89.7 %Laredo, TX89.7Cudahy, CA: 89.6 %Cudahy, CA89.6Rio Grande City, TX: 89.3 %Rio Grande City, TX89.3Doral, FL: 88.4 %Doral, FL88.4Bell, CA: 88.3 %Bell, CA88.3Palmview, TX: 88.3 %Palmview, TX88.3Arvin, CA: 87.8 %Arvin, CA87.8Socorro, TX: 87.6 %Socorro, TX87.6Miami Lakes, FL: 87.4 %Miami Lakes, FL87.4Coachella, CA: 87.3 %Coachella, CA87.3Eagle Pass, TX: 87.2 %Eagle Pass, TX87.2Mendota, CA: 87 %Mendota, CA87South Gate, CA: 86.2 %South Gate, CA86.2Brownsville, TX: 85.3 %Brownsville, TX85.3Greenfield, CA: 84.8 %Greenfield, CA84.8Sunland Park, NM: 84.6 %Sunland Park, NM84.6Pharr, TX: 83.4 %Pharr, TX83.4El Monte, CA: 83.1 %El Monte, CA83.1Key Biscayne, FL: 83.1 %Key Biscayne, FL83.1Lynwood, CA: 83 %Lynwood, CA83Livingston, CA: 82.5 %Livingston, CA82.5Union City, NJ: 82.3 %Union City, NJ82.3Somerton, AZ: 82 %Somerton, AZ82Cicero, IL: 81.8 %Cicero, IL81.8Mercedes, TX: 81.5 %Mercedes, TX81.5
%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankCities2021 (%)
1San Elizario, TX95.2
2Hidalgo, TX94.7
3Roma, TX94.6
4Calexico, CA94.2
5Hialeah Gardens, FL94.1
6New Square, NY94.1
7Kiryas Joel, NY94
8Hialeah, FL93.2
9Maywood, CA92.4
10Bell Gardens, CA92
11Nogales, AZ91.7
12Sweetwater, FL91.7
13San Luis, AZ91.3
14Huntington Park, CA90.3
15Alton, TX89.8
16Laredo, TX89.7
17Cudahy, CA89.6
18Rio Grande City, TX89.3
19Doral, FL88.4
20Bell, CA88.3
20Palmview, TX88.3
22Arvin, CA87.8
23Socorro, TX87.6
24Miami Lakes, FL87.4
25Coachella, CA87.3
26Eagle Pass, TX87.2
27Mendota, CA87
28South Gate, CA86.2
29Brownsville, TX85.3
30Greenfield, CA84.8
31Sunland Park, NM84.6
32Pharr, TX83.4
33El Monte, CA83.1
34Key Biscayne, FL83.1
35Lynwood, CA83
36Livingston, CA82.5
37Union City, NJ82.3
38Somerton, AZ82
39Cicero, IL81.8
40Mercedes, TX81.5
41Rosemead, CA81.4
42Perth Amboy, NJ81.1
43Parlier, CA81.1
44Galena Park, TX81.1
45Baldwin Park, CA80.8
46Mission, TX80.8
47King City, CA80.6
48South El Monte, CA80.3
49San Juan, TX80.1
50Lawrence, MA79.9
51Donna, TX79.7
52Avenal, CA79.4
53Horizon City, TX79.2
54West New York, NJ79.2
55Santa Ana, CA78.5
56Sunny Isles Beach, FL78.1
57Miami, FL77.8
58Watsonville, CA77.4
59El Centro, CA76.9
60North Miami, FL76.7
61Elizabeth, NJ76.4
62La Puente, CA76.2
63Palisades Park, NJ76.1
64Paramount, CA75.8
65Alamo, TX75.5
66Hawaiian Gardens, CA75.3
67McFarland, CA75.1
68Guttenberg, NJ74.6
69Lindsay, CA74.6
70Commerce, CA74.3
71Grandview, WA74.2
72Edinburg, TX73.9
73McAllen, TX73.7
74Monterey Park, CA73.5
75Farmersville, CA73.5
76Dover, NJ73.4
77Passaic, NJ73.4
78Miami Springs, FL73.2
79San Fernando, CA73.1
80Weslaco, TX72.7
81South Houston, TX72.4
82North Miami Beach, FL72.4
83Melrose Park, IL72.2
84Montebello, CA72.2
85Spring Valley, NY72.2
86Delano, CA72.1
87Summit, IL72
88Harrison, NJ72
89Salinas, CA71.8
90National City, CA71.7
91San Gabriel, CA71.4
92Chelsea, MA71.1
93Hamtramck, MI71.1
94Wasco, CA71.1
95Del Rio, TX71
96Douglas, AZ70.7
97Lawndale, CA70.4
98Kerman, CA70.3
99Sunnyside, WA70.2
100Alhambra, CA70.2
101Miami Beach, FL69.7
102Imperial, CA69.2
103Palm Springs, FL68.9
104Fairview, NJ68.7
105Kearny, NJ68.1
106Pico Rivera, CA67.7
107Stanton, CA67.6
108Aventura, FL67.6
109Perris, CA67.5
110East Palo Alto, CA67.4
111Kissimmee, FL67.4
112Garden Grove, CA67.2
113Glendale, CA67.2
114El Paso, TX67.2
115Temple City, CA66.7
116Oxnard, CA66.7
117Central Falls, RI66.6
118Brawley, CA66.6
118Haverstraw, NY66.6
120Homestead, FL66.5
121Milpitas, CA66.3
122Schiller Park, IL66.2
123San Pablo, CA66.1
124Compton, CA65.9
125Ridgefield, NJ65.9
126Paterson, NJ65.8
127Wallington, NJ65.6
128Union City, CA65.6
129Downey, CA65.5
130Weston, FL65.3
131Santa Maria, CA65.2
132Dinuba, CA65.2
133Shafter, CA65.2
134Garfield, NJ65.1
135Cutler Bay, FL65.1
136Pomona, CA65.1
137Soledad, CA64.9
138Norwalk, CA64.8
139Santa Paula, CA64.4
140Cliffside Park, NJ64.2
141Artesia, CA64.1
142Walnut, CA64.1
143Westminster, CA64.1
144Daly City, CA64
144Port Chester, NY64
144Reedley, CA64
147Lexington, NE63.6
148Fremont, CA63.2
149Doraville, GA63.1
150Cupertino, CA62.6
151Coral Gables, FL62.2
152Madera, CA61.7
153Everett, MA61.6
154Wheeling, IL60.9
155Hallandale Beach, FL60.9
156Franklin Park, IL60.9
157South Miami, FL60.5
158Diamond Bar, CA60.3
159Liberal, KS60.2
160Irving, TX60.1
161Española, NM60
162Sunnyvale, CA60
163Lilburn, GA60
164Clarkston, GA59.8
165Sleepy Hollow, NY59.6
166Anaheim, CA59.4
167Patterson, CA59.4
168Hayward, CA59.2
169Arcadia, CA59
170Prospect Heights, IL59
171Uvalde, TX59
172Carteret, NJ58.9
173Davenport, FL58.7
174Montclair, CA58.6
175Raymondville, TX58.6
176San Benito, TX58.5
177Hawthorne, CA58.1
178Jurupa Valley, CA58.1
179Fort Lee, NJ58.1
180Los Angeles, CA58.1
181Bellflower, CA58
182San Jose, CA57.9
183Newman, CA57.8
184West Covina, CA57.6
185Ceres, CA57.5
186Rialto, CA57.4
187Duarte, CA57.2
188Dodge City, KS57.2
189Chula Vista, CA57.1
190San Marino, CA56.8
191Herndon, VA56.7
192Robstown, TX56.7
193Burbank, IL56.6
194Hickory Hills, IL56.5
195Ridgefield Park, NJ56.4
196Niles, IL56.4
197Hereford, TX56.3
198Lodi, NJ56.1
199Manor, TX56
200Northlake, IL55.9
201Clifton, NJ55.8
202Fontana, CA55.8
203Edgewater, NJ55.7
204Florida City, FL55.7
205Addison, IL55.7
205Carpentersville, IL55.7
207Lake Worth Beach, FL55.6
208Berwyn, IL55.5
209Plainfield, NJ55.2
210Elmwood Park, NJ55.1
211North Plainfield, NJ55
212New Brunswick, NJ55
213Cerritos, CA55
214Little Ferry, NJ54.9
215Ontario, CA54.9
216Gardena, CA54.8
217Woodburn, OR54.8
218Greenacres, FL54.7
219Indio, CA54.6
220Santa Fe Springs, CA54.5
221Foster City, CA54.4
222Santa Clara, CA54.4
223Los Banos, CA54.4
224South Sioux City, NE54.4
225Hazleton, PA54.4
226Carson, CA54.3
227Revere, MA54.1
228Pinecrest, FL54
229Deming, NM53.9
229Glendale Heights, IL53.9
231Newark, CA53.8
232Norridge, IL53.5
233South San Francisco, CA53.5
234Azusa, CA53.5
235Hanover Park, IL53.3
236Richmond, CA53.2
237Waukegan, IL53.2
238West Haverstraw, NY53.1
239Riverbank, CA53
240Bound Brook, NJ53
241Reading, PA52.9
242West Chicago, IL52.7
243Porterville, CA52.6
244Selma, CA52.5
245Buena Park, CA52.5
246Linden, NJ52.4
247Lovington, NM52.2
248San Bernardino, CA52.2
249Freehold, NJ52.2
250Cathedral City, CA52.1

Showing the top 250 of 3211. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

About this ranking

People aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of all people aged 5 and over. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

Measures the language used at home, not English ability: most people in this group also speak English. Spanish speakers are shown separately in spanish_at_home_share.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the cities are compared on one definition. 8 cities with data in other periods have no value for 2021 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more) (US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2021) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-c16001.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2021. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-c16001.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2021. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2021. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-c16001.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2021.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2021 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-c16001.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2021 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_cities_by_population_2021,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2021}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-c16001.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2021. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2021
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-c16001.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2021
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/us-cities?period=2021.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Rank US cities by population speaking a language other than English at home using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"language_other_than_english_share","level":"municipality","within":"United States","limit":10}
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Questions

Which city has the highest population speaking a language other than English at home?

San Elizario, TX, with 95.2% in 2021, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which city has the lowest population speaking a language other than English at home?

Oakland, TN, with 0.3% in 2021.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Retrieved 2026-10-12. 8 cities have no value for 2021 and are not ranked.

Population speaking a language other than English at home: other rankings

US cities: more rankings