Data / Rankings / Gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP / Countries

Countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP

Bhutan had the highest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP of 169 countries in 2021, at 44% of GDP. Sudan had the lowest, at 3.5% of GDP. The median was 22.2% of GDP and the figure for the World was 26.2% of GDP. Source: the World Bank.

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Highest44Bhutan
Lowest3.5Sudan
Median22.2169 countries
World26.2History

Map of countries, 2021

Afghanistan: 13 % of GDPAlbania: 27.2 % of GDPArmenia: 21.2 % of GDPAngola: 16.2 % of GDPArgentina: 17.3 % of GDPAustria: 25.9 % of GDPAustralia: 22.6 % of GDPAzerbaijan: 16.2 % of GDPBosnia and Herzegovina: 21.6 % of GDPBangladesh: 31 % of GDPBelgium: 23.9 % of GDPBurkina Faso: 18.1 % of GDPBulgaria: 16.3 % of GDPBenin: 28.4 % of GDPBrunei: 31.1 % of GDPBolivia: 17 % of GDPBrazil: 17.9 % of GDPBahamas: 23.3 % of GDPBhutan: 44 % of GDPBotswana: 26.4 % of GDPBelarus: 22.6 % of GDPBelize: 19.9 % of GDPCanada: 23.8 % of GDPDemocratic Republic of the Congo: 32.6 % of GDPCentral African Republic: 15.7 % of GDPRepublic of the Congo: 22.1 % of GDPSwitzerland: 26.8 % of GDPCôte d’Ivoire: 21.1 % of GDPChile: 23.3 % of GDPCameroon: 18.2 % of GDPChina: 41.4 % of GDPColombia: 19 % of GDPCosta Rica: 17.1 % of GDPCuba: 10.5 % of GDPCyprus: 19.2 % of GDPCzechia: 26.2 % of GDPGermany: 21.2 % of GDPDjibouti: 29.7 % of GDPDenmark: 23.2 % of GDPDominican Republic: 28.9 % of GDPAlgeria: 35.1 % of GDPEcuador: 19.2 % of GDPEstonia: 30 % of GDPEgypt: 16.3 % of GDPSpain: 20.2 % of GDPEthiopia: 28 % of GDPFinland: 24.4 % of GDPFiji: 18.4 % of GDPFrance: 23.5 % of GDPGabon: 17.5 % of GDPUnited Kingdom: 18.5 % of GDPGeorgia: 20.8 % of GDPGhana: 16.8 % of GDPGreenland: 36.9 % of GDPGambia: 30.4 % of GDPGuinea: 15 % of GDPEquatorial Guinea: 8.1 % of GDPGreece: 13.8 % of GDPGuatemala: 16.1 % of GDPGuinea-Bissau: 21.2 % of GDPHong Kong: 16.8 % of GDPHonduras: 22.7 % of GDPCroatia: 20.9 % of GDPHaiti: 18.1 % of GDPHungary: 27.3 % of GDPIndonesia: 30.8 % of GDPIreland: 22.1 % of GDPIsrael: 24 % of GDPIndia: 29.6 % of GDPIraq: 10.1 % of GDPIran: 28.6 % of GDPIceland: 22.5 % of GDPItaly: 20.8 % of GDPJapan: 27.1 % of GDPKenya: 19.7 % of GDPKyrgyzstan: 24.1 % of GDPCambodia: 29.7 % of GDPKiribati: 17.4 % of GDPSouth Korea: 31.5 % of GDPKuwait: 15.6 % of GDPKazakhstan: 23 % of GDPLebanon: 5.4 % of GDPSri Lanka: 26.3 % of GDPLesotho: 25.7 % of GDPLithuania: 22.5 % of GDPLuxembourg: 18.1 % of GDPLatvia: 22.9 % of GDPLibya: 12.2 % of GDPMorocco: 26.3 % of GDPMoldova: 24.1 % of GDPMontenegro: 22.2 % of GDPMadagascar: 23.2 % of GDPNorth Macedonia: 23.5 % of GDPMali: 23.5 % of GDPMongolia: 26.8 % of GDPMauritania: 28.3 % of GDPMauritius: 19.4 % of GDPMexico: 21.3 % of GDPMalaysia: 19.3 % of GDPNamibia: 16 % of GDPNew Caledonia: 26.2 % of GDPNiger: 32.5 % of GDPNicaragua: 23 % of GDPNetherlands: 20.7 % of GDPNorway: 24 % of GDPNepal: 29.3 % of GDPNew Zealand: 24.7 % of GDPOman: 26.9 % of GDPPanama: 27.4 % of GDPPeru: 23.1 % of GDPFrench Polynesia: 22 % of GDPPhilippines: 22.3 % of GDPPakistan: 12.8 % of GDPPoland: 16.9 % of GDPPuerto Rico: 12.5 % of GDPPalestine: 23.9 % of GDPPortugal: 20.5 % of GDPPalau: 36.9 % of GDPParaguay: 22.9 % of GDPRomania: 24.5 % of GDPSerbia: 23.1 % of GDPRussia: 19.3 % of GDPRwanda: 32.2 % of GDPSaudi Arabia: 23.5 % of GDPSolomon Islands: 24.3 % of GDPSudan: 3.5 % of GDPSweden: 25.1 % of GDPSingapore: 22.1 % of GDPSlovenia: 20.2 % of GDPSlovakia: 19.6 % of GDPSierra Leone: 16.3 % of GDPSenegal: 34 % of GDPSomalia: 18 % of GDPEl Salvador: 21 % of GDPSyria: 5.2 % of GDPEswatini: 17.3 % of GDPChad: 16.4 % of GDPTogo: 21.4 % of GDPThailand: 23.5 % of GDPTajikistan: 32 % of GDPTimor-Leste: 14.2 % of GDPTurkmenistan: 18.3 % of GDPTunisia: 15.9 % of GDPTürkiye: 28.4 % of GDPTrinidad and Tobago: 20.3 % of GDPTanzania: 41.5 % of GDPUkraine: 13.2 % of GDPUganda: 23.3 % of GDPUnited States: 21.3 % of GDPUruguay: 17.7 % of GDPUzbekistan: 30.6 % of GDPVenezuela: 6.7 % of GDPVietnam: 31 % of GDPVanuatu: 15.1 % of GDPSamoa: 32.2 % of GDPSouth Africa: 13.1 % of GDPZambia: 28.5 % of GDPZimbabwe: 8.5 % of GDP
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  • 28 and over
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% of GDP, 2021. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

Top 40 countries, 2021

Bhutan: 44 % of GDPBhutan44Tanzania: 41.5 % of GDPTanzania41.5China: 41.4 % of GDPChina41.4Palau: 36.9 % of GDPPalau36.9Greenland: 36.9 % of GDPGreenland36.9Algeria: 35.1 % of GDPAlgeria35.1Senegal: 34 % of GDPSenegal34Democratic Republic of the Congo: 32.6 % of GDPDemocratic Republic of the Congo32.6Niger: 32.5 % of GDPNiger32.5Samoa: 32.2 % of GDPSamoa32.2Rwanda: 32.2 % of GDPRwanda32.2Tajikistan: 32 % of GDPTajikistan32Tonga: 31.5 % of GDPTonga31.5South Korea: 31.5 % of GDPSouth Korea31.5Brunei: 31.1 % of GDPBrunei31.1Vietnam: 31 % of GDPVietnam31Bangladesh: 31 % of GDPBangladesh31Indonesia: 30.8 % of GDPIndonesia30.8Uzbekistan: 30.6 % of GDPUzbekistan30.6Gambia: 30.4 % of GDPGambia30.4Estonia: 30 % of GDPEstonia30Cambodia: 29.7 % of GDPCambodia29.7Djibouti: 29.7 % of GDPDjibouti29.7India: 29.6 % of GDPIndia29.6Nepal: 29.3 % of GDPNepal29.3Dominican Republic: 28.9 % of GDPDominican Republic28.9Iran: 28.6 % of GDPIran28.6Zambia: 28.5 % of GDPZambia28.5Benin: 28.4 % of GDPBenin28.4Türkiye: 28.4 % of GDPTürkiye28.4Mauritania: 28.3 % of GDPMauritania28.3Maldives: 28 % of GDPMaldives28Ethiopia: 28 % of GDPEthiopia28Panama: 27.4 % of GDPPanama27.4Hungary: 27.3 % of GDPHungary27.3Albania: 27.2 % of GDPAlbania27.2Japan: 27.1 % of GDPJapan27.1Oman: 26.9 % of GDPOman26.9Mongolia: 26.8 % of GDPMongolia26.8Switzerland: 26.8 % of GDPSwitzerland26.8Bhutan: 44 % of GDPBhutan44Tanzania: 41.5 % of GDPTanzania41.5China: 41.4 % of GDPChina41.4Palau: 36.9 % of GDPPalau36.9Greenland: 36.9 % of GDPGreenland36.9Algeria: 35.1 % of GDPAlgeria35.1Senegal: 34 % of GDPSenegal34Democratic Republic of the Congo: 32.6 % of GDPDemocratic Republic of the Congo32.6Niger: 32.5 % of GDPNiger32.5Samoa: 32.2 % of GDPSamoa32.2Rwanda: 32.2 % of GDPRwanda32.2Tajikistan: 32 % of GDPTajikistan32Tonga: 31.5 % of GDPTonga31.5South Korea: 31.5 % of GDPSouth Korea31.5Brunei: 31.1 % of GDPBrunei31.1Vietnam: 31 % of GDPVietnam31Bangladesh: 31 % of GDPBangladesh31Indonesia: 30.8 % of GDPIndonesia30.8Uzbekistan: 30.6 % of GDPUzbekistan30.6Gambia: 30.4 % of GDPGambia30.4Estonia: 30 % of GDPEstonia30Cambodia: 29.7 % of GDPCambodia29.7Djibouti: 29.7 % of GDPDjibouti29.7India: 29.6 % of GDPIndia29.6Nepal: 29.3 % of GDPNepal29.3Dominican Republic: 28.9 % of GDPDominican Republic28.9Iran: 28.6 % of GDPIran28.6Zambia: 28.5 % of GDPZambia28.5Benin: 28.4 % of GDPBenin28.4Türkiye: 28.4 % of GDPTürkiye28.4Mauritania: 28.3 % of GDPMauritania28.3Maldives: 28 % of GDPMaldives28Ethiopia: 28 % of GDPEthiopia28Panama: 27.4 % of GDPPanama27.4Hungary: 27.3 % of GDPHungary27.3Albania: 27.2 % of GDPAlbania27.2Japan: 27.1 % of GDPJapan27.1Oman: 26.9 % of GDPOman26.9Mongolia: 26.8 % of GDPMongolia26.8Switzerland: 26.8 % of GDPSwitzerland26.8
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankCountries2021
% of GDP		Change on 2020
1Bhutan44+5.4 pts
2Tanzania41.5+0.9 pts
3China41.4-0.5 pts
4Palau36.9-6.1 pts
5Greenland36.9+3.8 pts
6Algeria35.1-4 pts
7Senegal34+3.5 pts
8Democratic Republic of the Congo32.6+10.7 pts
9Niger32.5+0.3 pts
10Samoa32.2-0.3 pts
11Rwanda32.2+12.2 pts
12Tajikistan32+4.4 pts
13Tonga31.5+8.1 pts
14South Korea31.5+0.4 pts
15Brunei31.1-9.3 pts
16Vietnam31+0.8 pts
17Bangladesh31-0.3 pts
18Indonesia30.8-0.9 pts
19Uzbekistan30.6-2.1 pts
20Gambia30.4-2 pts
21Estonia30-1.2 pts
22Cambodia29.7-0.9 pts
23Djibouti29.7-0.4 pts
24India29.6+2.3 pts
25Nepal29.3-1.1 pts
26Dominican Republic28.9+4.1 pts
27Iran28.6-1.6 pts
28Zambia28.5-1.3 pts
29Benin28.4+3.2 pts
30Türkiye28.4+0.4 pts
31Mauritania28.3+3.6 pts
32Maldives28-10.8 pts
33Ethiopia28-2.6 pts
34Panama27.4+3.8 pts
35Hungary27.3+0.8 pts
36Albania27.2+2 pts
37Japan27.1-0.1 pts
38Oman26.9-4.7 pts
39Mongolia26.8+3.3 pts
40Switzerland26.8-0.9 pts
41Botswana26.4-1.2 pts
42Sri Lanka26.3+0.8 pts
43Morocco26.3+0.1 pts
44Czechia26.2+0.7 pts
45New Caledonia26.2-1.1 pts
46Austria25.9+0.7 pts
47Lesotho25.7+1.4 pts
48Sweden25.1+0.6 pts
49Bahrain24.8-4.2 pts
50New Zealand24.7+1.4 pts
51Romania24.5+1 pts
52Finland24.4-0.2 pts
53Solomon Islands24.3+5.5 pts
54Kyrgyzstan24.1-1.8 pts
55Moldova24.1-0.8 pts
56Israel24+1 pts
57Norway24-4.4 pts
58Belgium23.9-0.1 pts
59Palestine23.9+1.2 pts
60Canada23.8+0.6 pts
61Saudi Arabia23.5-0.9 pts
62Thailand23.5+0.3 pts
63Mali23.5+1.3 pts
64France23.5+1 pts
65North Macedonia23.5+1.9 pts
66Uganda23.3-0.2 pts
67Chile23.3+0.8 pts
68Bahamas23.3+1.3 pts
69Madagascar23.2+3.7 pts
70Denmark23.2+1 pts
71Peru23.1+3.1 pts
72Serbia23.1+1.6 pts
73Kazakhstan23-1.7 pts
74Nicaragua23+5 pts
75Paraguay22.9+3.1 pts
76Latvia22.9-0.1 pts
77Honduras22.7+4.4 pts
78Australia22.6-0.1 pts
79Belarus22.6-2.8 pts
80Macao22.5-4.1 pts
81Iceland22.5+1.5 pts
82Lithuania22.5+1 pts
83Malta22.3+2.4 pts
84Philippines22.3+1 pts
85Montenegro22.2-6 pts
86Republic of the Congo22.1-1.1 pts
87Singapore22.1+1.1 pts
88Ireland22.1-19.3 pts
89French Polynesia22+0.7 pts
90Bosnia and Herzegovina21.6-1.5 pts
91Togo21.4+1.8 pts
92Mexico21.3+1.2 pts
93United States21.3-0.3 pts
94Guinea-Bissau21.2-4.2 pts
95Armenia21.2+3.4 pts
96Germany21.2-0.2 pts
97Côte d’Ivoire21.1+0.7 pts
98El Salvador21+3.6 pts
99Croatia20.9-1.4 pts
100Italy20.8+2.6 pts
101Georgia20.8-1.5 pts
102Netherlands20.7-0.6 pts
103Portugal20.5+1 pts
104Trinidad and Tobago20.3-0.2 pts
105Slovenia20.2+1.2 pts
106Spain20.2-0.4 pts
107Marshall Islands20-0.4 pts
108Belize19.9+2.8 pts
109Kenya19.7+0.4 pts
110Slovakia19.6-0.2 pts
111Mauritius19.4+2.5 pts
112Russia19.3-2.2 pts
113Malaysia19.3-1.6 pts
114Ecuador19.2+1.2 pts
115Cyprus19.2-1.6 pts
116Colombia19+0.6 pts
117United Kingdom18.5+0.3 pts
118Fiji18.4+0.7 pts
119Turkmenistan18.3-4.2 pts
120Cameroon18.2-0 pts
121Luxembourg18.1+1 pts
122Burkina Faso18.1+0.4 pts
123Haiti18.1+0.4 pts
124Somalia18+2 pts
125Brazil17.9+1.4 pts
126Uruguay17.7+2.2 pts
127San Marino17.5-1.4 pts
128Gabon17.5-2.4 pts
129Kiribati17.4+2.8 pts
130Eswatini17.3+2.4 pts
131Argentina17.3+3 pts
132Costa Rica17.1+0.8 pts
133Bolivia17+1.2 pts
134Poland16.9-1.5 pts
135Hong Kong16.8-0.2 pts
136Ghana16.8-0.9 pts
137Seychelles16.5-4.9 pts
138Chad16.4-1.9 pts
139Egypt16.3-0.7 pts
140Bulgaria16.3-2.7 pts
141Sierra Leone16.3+0.8 pts
142Azerbaijan16.2-6.4 pts
143Angola16.2-3.4 pts
144Guatemala16.1+2.4 pts
145Namibia16+2.4 pts
146Tunisia15.90 pts
147Central African Republic15.7-2.6 pts
148Kuwait15.6-4.4 pts
149Vanuatu15.1-1.2 pts
150Guinea15-1.6 pts
151Timor-Leste14.2+0.5 pts
152Greece13.8+1.5 pts
153Comoros13.3+2.3 pts
154Ukraine13.2-0.2 pts
155South Africa13.1-0.7 pts
156Afghanistan13+1.5 pts
157Bermuda12.9+0.7 pts
158Pakistan12.8-0.3 pts
159Puerto Rico12.5+2.1 pts
160Libya12.2+2.7 pts
161Cuba10.5+0.7 pts
162Iraq10.1+2.4 pts
163São Tomé and Príncipe10-1.7 pts
164Zimbabwe8.5+1.8 pts
165Equatorial Guinea8.1+0.5 pts
166Venezuela6.7-0.3 pts
167Lebanon5.4-2.7 pts
168Syria5.2-0.9 pts
169Sudan3.5-2.3 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Acquisitions less disposals of fixed assets, such as buildings, machinery, equipment and intellectual property, plus certain spending that adds to the value of non-produced assets such as land, as a percentage of GDP. World Bank national accounts data, compiled from national statistical offices and central banks and from OECD national accounts files.

Current prices, so the share moves with relative prices as well as volumes. Countries that rebase their national accounts can shift it by several points. The latest year varies by country.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the countries are compared on one definition. 11 countries with data in other periods have no value for 2021 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

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APA 7

World Bank. (2026). Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS) (Countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2021) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS

MLA 9

Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS), Countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2021. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2021. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2021. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2021.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS), Countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2021 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2021 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_countries_by_gross_fixed_2021,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{Gross fixed capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS): Countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2021}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2021. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS): Countries by gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP, 2021
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2021
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-fixed-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2021.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
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Questions

Which country has the highest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP?

Bhutan, with 44% of GDP in 2021, according to the World Bank.

Which country has the lowest gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP?

Sudan, with 3.5% of GDP in 2021.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18. 11 countries have no value for 2021 and are not ranked.

Gross fixed capital formation, share of GDP: other rankings

Countries: more rankings