Data / Rankings / Gross capital formation, share of GDP / Countries

Countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP

Bhutan had the highest gross capital formation, share of GDP of 173 countries in 2023, at 45.3% of GDP. Djibouti had the lowest, at -3.7% of GDP. The median was 22.9% of GDP and the figure for the World was 26.7% of GDP. Source: the World Bank.

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Highest45.3Bhutan
Lowest-3.7Djibouti
Median22.9173 countries
World26.7History

Map of countries, 2023

United Arab Emirates: 26.6 % of GDPAfghanistan: 15.3 % of GDPAlbania: 23.4 % of GDPArmenia: 22.9 % of GDPAngola: 12.4 % of GDPArgentina: 19.4 % of GDPAustria: 26 % of GDPAustralia: 23.9 % of GDPAzerbaijan: 17.7 % of GDPBosnia and Herzegovina: 27 % of GDPBangladesh: 31 % of GDPBelgium: 25.3 % of GDPBurkina Faso: 20.3 % of GDPBulgaria: 19.8 % of GDPBenin: 34.5 % of GDPBrunei: 29.6 % of GDPBolivia: 19 % of GDPBrazil: 15.8 % of GDPBahamas: 22.9 % of GDPBhutan: 45.3 % of GDPBotswana: 30.1 % of GDPBelarus: 24.7 % of GDPBelize: 18.9 % of GDPCanada: 23.6 % of GDPDemocratic Republic of the Congo: 34.1 % of GDPCentral African Republic: 23.7 % of GDPRepublic of the Congo: 25.2 % of GDPSwitzerland: 28.6 % of GDPCôte d’Ivoire: 24.5 % of GDPChile: 23.3 % of GDPCameroon: 19.3 % of GDPChina: 41.1 % of GDPColombia: 16.4 % of GDPCosta Rica: 15.8 % of GDPCuba: 21.4 % of GDPCape Verde: 21.7 % of GDPCyprus: 21.5 % of GDPCzechia: 28.2 % of GDPGermany: 22 % of GDPDjibouti: -3.7 % of GDPDenmark: 23.6 % of GDPDominican Republic: 27.8 % of GDPAlgeria: 37.6 % of GDPEcuador: 20.7 % of GDPEstonia: 25.1 % of GDPEgypt: 16.5 % of GDPSpain: 21.1 % of GDPEthiopia: 22.2 % of GDPFinland: 23 % of GDPFiji: 19.8 % of GDPFaroe Islands: 31.4 % of GDPFrance: 22.9 % of GDPGabon: 18.1 % of GDPUnited Kingdom: 18.5 % of GDPGeorgia: 25 % of GDPGhana: 10.1 % of GDPGreenland: 36 % of GDPGambia: 27.4 % of GDPGuinea: 23.4 % of GDPEquatorial Guinea: 5.3 % of GDPGreece: 16.2 % of GDPGuatemala: 16.5 % of GDPGuinea-Bissau: 26.2 % of GDPHong Kong: 16.2 % of GDPHonduras: 22.2 % of GDPCroatia: 24.6 % of GDPHaiti: 13.9 % of GDPHungary: 26.2 % of GDPIndonesia: 30.3 % of GDPIreland: 26.7 % of GDPIsrael: 26.4 % of GDPIndia: 34.5 % of GDPIraq: 20.3 % of GDPIran: 43.8 % of GDPIceland: 25.4 % of GDPItaly: 23.1 % of GDPJapan: 27.8 % of GDPKenya: 16.6 % of GDPKyrgyzstan: 34.5 % of GDPCambodia: 33.3 % of GDPKiribati: 24.7 % of GDPSouth Korea: 31.9 % of GDPKuwait: 17.8 % of GDPKazakhstan: 28.2 % of GDPLebanon: 1.9 % of GDPSri Lanka: 24.3 % of GDPLesotho: 27.1 % of GDPLithuania: 22.6 % of GDPLuxembourg: 16.4 % of GDPLatvia: 24.7 % of GDPLibya: 16.9 % of GDPMorocco: 29 % of GDPMoldova: 20.1 % of GDPMontenegro: 25.4 % of GDPMadagascar: 21.4 % of GDPNorth Macedonia: 29.6 % of GDPMali: 21.7 % of GDPMongolia: 33.9 % of GDPMauritania: 44.5 % of GDPMauritius: 19.9 % of GDPMalawi: 14.5 % of GDPMexico: 23.3 % of GDPMalaysia: 22.8 % of GDPMozambique: 19.5 % of GDPNamibia: 28.1 % of GDPNew Caledonia: 25.6 % of GDPNiger: 30.1 % of GDPNicaragua: 22.2 % of GDPNetherlands: 20.1 % of GDPNorway: 23.6 % of GDPNepal: 31.1 % of GDPNew Zealand: 24.1 % of GDPOman: 26.7 % of GDPPanama: 37.5 % of GDPPeru: 19.6 % of GDPFrench Polynesia: 22.7 % of GDPPhilippines: 23.4 % of GDPPakistan: 14 % of GDPPoland: 17.7 % of GDPPuerto Rico: 14.2 % of GDPPalestine: 25.1 % of GDPPortugal: 20.5 % of GDPPalau: 35.7 % of GDPParaguay: 20.3 % of GDPRomania: 26.2 % of GDPSerbia: 24.6 % of GDPRussia: 27.3 % of GDPRwanda: 38.4 % of GDPSaudi Arabia: 29.8 % of GDPSolomon Islands: 21.2 % of GDPSudan: 2.2 % of GDPSweden: 25.3 % of GDPSingapore: 21.1 % of GDPSlovenia: 22.5 % of GDPSlovakia: 19.7 % of GDPSierra Leone: 19.7 % of GDPSenegal: 42.3 % of GDPSomalia: 23.6 % of GDPEl Salvador: 21.5 % of GDPEswatini: 20.8 % of GDPChad: 19.3 % of GDPTogo: 22.4 % of GDPThailand: 22.4 % of GDPTajikistan: 31.7 % of GDPTimor-Leste: 20.5 % of GDPTunisia: 8.2 % of GDPTürkiye: 34.6 % of GDPTrinidad and Tobago: 19 % of GDPTanzania: 41 % of GDPUkraine: 18.1 % of GDPUganda: 22.8 % of GDPUnited States: 21.6 % of GDPUruguay: 17.7 % of GDPUzbekistan: 33 % of GDPVenezuela: 5.3 % of GDPVietnam: 31.7 % of GDPVanuatu: 22.3 % of GDPSamoa: 36.1 % of GDPSouth Africa: 15.4 % of GDPZambia: 31.4 % of GDPZimbabwe: 10 % of GDP
  • Under 0
  • 0 to 21
  • 21 to 25
  • 25 and over
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% of GDP, 2023. Red areas are below zero and blue areas above it. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

Top 40 countries, 2023

Bhutan: 45.3 % of GDPBhutan45.3Mauritania: 44.5 % of GDPMauritania44.5Iran: 43.8 % of GDPIran43.8Senegal: 42.3 % of GDPSenegal42.3China: 41.1 % of GDPChina41.1Tanzania: 41 % of GDPTanzania41Rwanda: 38.4 % of GDPRwanda38.4Algeria: 37.6 % of GDPAlgeria37.6Panama: 37.5 % of GDPPanama37.5Samoa: 36.1 % of GDPSamoa36.1Greenland: 36 % of GDPGreenland36Palau: 35.7 % of GDPPalau35.7Türkiye: 34.6 % of GDPTürkiye34.6Benin: 34.5 % of GDPBenin34.5India: 34.5 % of GDPIndia34.5Kyrgyzstan: 34.5 % of GDPKyrgyzstan34.5Democratic Republic of the Congo: 34.1 % of GDPDemocratic Republic of the Congo34.1Mongolia: 33.9 % of GDPMongolia33.9Cambodia: 33.3 % of GDPCambodia33.3Maldives: 33.1 % of GDPMaldives33.1Uzbekistan: 33 % of GDPUzbekistan33South Korea: 31.9 % of GDPSouth Korea31.9Vietnam: 31.7 % of GDPVietnam31.7Tajikistan: 31.7 % of GDPTajikistan31.7Zambia: 31.4 % of GDPZambia31.4Faroe Islands: 31.4 % of GDPFaroe Islands31.4Nepal: 31.1 % of GDPNepal31.1Bangladesh: 31 % of GDPBangladesh31Indonesia: 30.3 % of GDPIndonesia30.3Botswana: 30.1 % of GDPBotswana30.1Niger: 30.1 % of GDPNiger30.1Saudi Arabia: 29.8 % of GDPSaudi Arabia29.8Brunei: 29.6 % of GDPBrunei29.6North Macedonia: 29.6 % of GDPNorth Macedonia29.6Bahrain: 29.2 % of GDPBahrain29.2Morocco: 29 % of GDPMorocco29Switzerland: 28.6 % of GDPSwitzerland28.6Czechia: 28.2 % of GDPCzechia28.2Kazakhstan: 28.2 % of GDPKazakhstan28.2Namibia: 28.1 % of GDPNamibia28.1Bhutan: 45.3 % of GDPBhutan45.3Mauritania: 44.5 % of GDPMauritania44.5Iran: 43.8 % of GDPIran43.8Senegal: 42.3 % of GDPSenegal42.3China: 41.1 % of GDPChina41.1Tanzania: 41 % of GDPTanzania41Rwanda: 38.4 % of GDPRwanda38.4Algeria: 37.6 % of GDPAlgeria37.6Panama: 37.5 % of GDPPanama37.5Samoa: 36.1 % of GDPSamoa36.1Greenland: 36 % of GDPGreenland36Palau: 35.7 % of GDPPalau35.7Türkiye: 34.6 % of GDPTürkiye34.6Benin: 34.5 % of GDPBenin34.5India: 34.5 % of GDPIndia34.5Kyrgyzstan: 34.5 % of GDPKyrgyzstan34.5Democratic Republic of the Congo: 34.1 % of GDPDemocratic Republic of the Congo34.1Mongolia: 33.9 % of GDPMongolia33.9Cambodia: 33.3 % of GDPCambodia33.3Maldives: 33.1 % of GDPMaldives33.1Uzbekistan: 33 % of GDPUzbekistan33South Korea: 31.9 % of GDPSouth Korea31.9Vietnam: 31.7 % of GDPVietnam31.7Tajikistan: 31.7 % of GDPTajikistan31.7Zambia: 31.4 % of GDPZambia31.4Faroe Islands: 31.4 % of GDPFaroe Islands31.4Nepal: 31.1 % of GDPNepal31.1Bangladesh: 31 % of GDPBangladesh31Indonesia: 30.3 % of GDPIndonesia30.3Botswana: 30.1 % of GDPBotswana30.1Niger: 30.1 % of GDPNiger30.1Saudi Arabia: 29.8 % of GDPSaudi Arabia29.8Brunei: 29.6 % of GDPBrunei29.6North Macedonia: 29.6 % of GDPNorth Macedonia29.6Bahrain: 29.2 % of GDPBahrain29.2Morocco: 29 % of GDPMorocco29Switzerland: 28.6 % of GDPSwitzerland28.6Czechia: 28.2 % of GDPCzechia28.2Kazakhstan: 28.2 % of GDPKazakhstan28.2Namibia: 28.1 % of GDPNamibia28.1
% of GDP. Source: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankCountries2023
% of GDP		Change on 2022
1Bhutan45.3-10.5 pts
2Mauritania44.5-4.5 pts
3Iran43.8+3 pts
4Senegal42.3-2.6 pts
5China41.1-1.2 pts
6Tanzania41-0.1 pts
7Rwanda38.4+0.6 pts
8Algeria37.6+2.5 pts
9Panama37.5+1.6 pts
10Samoa36.1+3.9 pts
11Greenland36-1.8 pts
12Palau35.7-8.5 pts
13Türkiye34.6-4 pts
14Benin34.5+3.4 pts
15India34.5+0.1 pts
16Kyrgyzstan34.5-1.2 pts
17Democratic Republic of the Congo34.1-2.6 pts
18Mongolia33.9-8.4 pts
19Cambodia33.3-1.3 pts
20Maldives33.1+0.1 pts
21Uzbekistan33-0.3 pts
22South Korea31.9-1.4 pts
23Vietnam31.7-0.7 pts
24Tajikistan31.7-3.8 pts
25Zambia31.4+4.5 pts
26Faroe Islands31.4-0.9 pts
27Nepal31.1-6.5 pts
28Bangladesh31-1.1 pts
29Indonesia30.3+0.6 pts
30Botswana30.1+3.4 pts
31Niger30.1-3.7 pts
32Saudi Arabia29.8+3.2 pts
33Brunei29.6+3.8 pts
34North Macedonia29.6-6.4 pts
35Bahrain29.2+4.6 pts
36Morocco29-1.5 pts
37Switzerland28.6+1.9 pts
38Czechia28.2-2.8 pts
39Kazakhstan28.2+3.2 pts
40Namibia28.1+8.1 pts
41Dominican Republic27.8-2.9 pts
42Japan27.8-0.5 pts
43Gambia27.4-1.2 pts
44Russia27.3+4.1 pts
45Lesotho27.1-0.3 pts
46Bosnia and Herzegovina27-0.9 pts
47Oman26.7-0.7 pts
48Ireland26.7+3.8 pts
49United Arab Emirates26.6+0.6 pts
50Israel26.4-1.2 pts
51Romania26.2-0.9 pts
52Hungary26.2-8.1 pts
53Guinea-Bissau26.2+4.1 pts
54Austria26-3.2 pts
55Tonga25.9-1.4 pts
56New Caledonia25.6-0.6 pts
57Montenegro25.4-2.1 pts
58Iceland25.4+1.2 pts
59Belgium25.3-2.1 pts
60Sweden25.3-1.7 pts
61Republic of the Congo25.2+4.2 pts
62Estonia25.1-2.8 pts
63Palestine25.1-1.4 pts
64Georgia25+0.9 pts
65Kiribati24.7+1.5 pts
66Belarus24.7+3.1 pts
67Latvia24.70 pts
68Serbia24.6-1.8 pts
69Croatia24.6-1.6 pts
70Côte d’Ivoire24.5-2.9 pts
71Seychelles24.4+5.9 pts
72Sri Lanka24.3-3 pts
73New Zealand24.1-2.3 pts
74Australia23.9+0.2 pts
75Central African Republic23.7-0.6 pts
76Denmark23.6-1.1 pts
77Canada23.6-1.4 pts
78Norway23.6+2.6 pts
79Somalia23.6-0 pts
80Albania23.4-3.4 pts
81Guinea23.4+9.4 pts
82Philippines23.4-1.3 pts
83Chile23.3-2.4 pts
84Mexico23.3+0.5 pts
85Italy23.1-1.5 pts
86Finland23-4.3 pts
87Armenia22.9+0.7 pts
88France22.9-1.1 pts
89Bahamas22.9-1 pts
90Uganda22.8-1.4 pts
91Malaysia22.8-0.8 pts
92French Polynesia22.7+0.1 pts
93Lithuania22.6-5.1 pts
94Slovenia22.5-2.1 pts
95Thailand22.4-5.4 pts
96Togo22.4-2.1 pts
97Vanuatu22.3+1.4 pts
98Honduras22.2-4.1 pts
99Ethiopia22.2-3.2 pts
100Nicaragua22.2+0.4 pts
101Germany22-1.3 pts
102Cape Verde21.7-0.2 pts
103Mali21.7-0.5 pts
104United States21.6-0.5 pts
105El Salvador21.5-3 pts
106Cyprus21.5+0.9 pts
107Cuba21.4+3.1 pts
108Madagascar21.4+0.8 pts
109Solomon Islands21.2+0.3 pts
110Singapore21.1-0.7 pts
111Spain21.1-1.6 pts
112Eswatini20.8-1.3 pts
113Ecuador20.7-1.7 pts
114Portugal20.5-0.9 pts
115Timor-Leste20.5+9.9 pts
116Iraq20.3-4 pts
117Paraguay20.3-7.5 pts
118Burkina Faso20.3+2.2 pts
119Moldova20.1-7.2 pts
120Netherlands20.1-2.8 pts
121Mauritius19.9-0.5 pts
122Malta19.9-6.5 pts
123Fiji19.8-2 pts
124Bulgaria19.8-2.9 pts
125Slovakia19.7-3.6 pts
126Sierra Leone19.7+4.8 pts
127Peru19.6-2.8 pts
128Mozambique19.5-23.7 pts
129Argentina19.4+2 pts
130Chad19.3+1.3 pts
131Cameroon19.3+0.2 pts
132Marshall Islands19.3-7.2 pts
133Trinidad and Tobago19+1.8 pts
134Bolivia19+0.9 pts
135Belize18.9-1.3 pts
136United Kingdom18.5+0.1 pts
137Aruba18.4-1.3 pts
138Gabon18.1+2 pts
139Ukraine18.1+6 pts
140Kuwait17.8+1.2 pts
141Azerbaijan17.7+5.7 pts
142Poland17.7-4.4 pts
143Uruguay17.7-1 pts
144Libya16.9+6.4 pts
145San Marino16.6-6.4 pts
146Kenya16.6-2.5 pts
147Guatemala16.5-0.1 pts
148Egypt16.5-3.4 pts
149Luxembourg16.4-0.6 pts
150Colombia16.4-3.4 pts
151Greece16.2-2.6 pts
152Hong Kong16.2+0.9 pts
153Costa Rica15.8-2.5 pts
154Brazil15.8-2.3 pts
155South Africa15.4-0.3 pts
156Macao15.3-7.9 pts
157Afghanistan15.3-1.4 pts
158Malawi14.5-1.4 pts
159Puerto Rico14.2-0.6 pts
160Pakistan14-1.6 pts
161Haiti13.9-2 pts
162Comoros13.3-0 pts
163Angola12.4-2.1 pts
164Bermuda11.2-1.5 pts
165Ghana10.1-6.3 pts
166Zimbabwe10+2.4 pts
167Tunisia8.2-8.5 pts
168São Tomé and Príncipe6.2-2.1 pts
169Venezuela5.3-0.8 pts
170Equatorial Guinea5.3-2 pts
171Sudan2.2-0 pts
172Lebanon1.9+0.7 pts
173Djibouti-3.7+6.9 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables, as a percentage of GDP. World Bank national accounts data, compiled from national statistical offices and central banks and from OECD national accounts files.

Includes the change in inventories, so it can be negative in a year when stocks are run down. For investment in fixed assets alone see gross_fixed_capital_formation_gdp. Current prices, so the share moves with relative prices as well as volumes. Countries that rebase their national accounts can shift it by several points. The latest year varies by country.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the countries are compared on one definition. 13 countries with data in other periods have no value for 2023 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

World Bank. (2026). Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS) (Countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS

MLA 9

Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), Countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2023. World Bank, 8 Oct. 2026, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2023. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

World Bank. 2026. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2023.

Harvard

World Bank (2026) Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), Countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2023 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{world_countries_by_gross_capital_2023,
  author = {{World Bank}},
  title = {{Gross capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS): Countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2023. Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (\% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - World Bank
TI  - Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS): Countries by gross capital formation, share of GDP, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - World Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/gross-capital-formation-gdp/countries?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-18. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER  -
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Questions

Which country has the highest gross capital formation, share of GDP?

Bhutan, with 45.3% of GDP in 2023, according to the World Bank.

Which country has the lowest gross capital formation, share of GDP?

Djibouti, with -3.7% of GDP in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: World Bank, Gross capital formation (% of GDP) (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS). Retrieved 2026-10-18. 13 countries have no value for 2023 and are not ranked.

Gross capital formation, share of GDP: other rankings

Countries: more rankings