EU countries by food supply (calories per person), 2023
Belgium had the highest food supply (calories per person) of 27 EU countries in 2023, at 3,921.31 kcal per person per day. Cyprus had the lowest, at 2,876.46 kcal per person per day. The median was 3,447.57 kcal per person per day. Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Map of EU countries, 2023
- Under 3,300
- 3,300 to 3,400
- 3,400 to 3,500
- 3,500 to 3,700
- 3,700 and over
All EU countries, 2023
Full ranking
| Rank | EU countries | 2023 | Change on 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Belgium Estimated | 3,921.31 | +0.1% |
| 2 | Ireland Estimated | 3,920.92 | -0.7% |
| 3 | Austria Estimated | 3,755.86 | -1.2% |
| 4 | Italy Estimated | 3,752.66 | +1.2% |
| 5 | Denmark Estimated | 3,733.87 | -1.4% |
| 6 | Poland Estimated | 3,730.14 | +0.3% |
| 7 | Romania Estimated | 3,648.94 | -1.4% |
| 8 | Portugal Estimated | 3,552.93 | +1.6% |
| 9 | Hungary Estimated | 3,549.11 | +1.9% |
| 10 | Germany Estimated | 3,534.54 | -1.8% |
| 11 | Luxembourg Estimated | 3,521.85 | +0.7% |
| 12 | France Estimated | 3,489.55 | -1.2% |
| 13 | Netherlands Estimated | 3,466.98 | -0.1% |
| 14 | Croatia Estimated | 3,447.57 | +0.9% |
| 15 | Malta Estimated | 3,406.62 | +0.8% |
| 16 | Czechia Estimated | 3,384.27 | -0.3% |
| 17 | Greece Estimated | 3,381.65 | +1.1% |
| 18 | Spain Estimated | 3,377.16 | +0.7% |
| 19 | Sweden Estimated | 3,366.78 | +1.2% |
| 20 | Lithuania Estimated | 3,347.5 | -0.4% |
| 21 | Finland Estimated | 3,345.6 | -0.8% |
| 22 | Latvia Estimated | 3,342.19 | +1.8% |
| 23 | Estonia Estimated | 3,286.52 | -0.5% |
| 24 | Slovenia Estimated | 3,200.29 | +2.2% |
| 25 | Bulgaria Estimated | 2,999.6 | -0.1% |
| 26 | Slovakia Estimated | 2,979.96 | -0% |
| 27 | Cyprus Estimated | 2,876.46 | +0.3% |
Other periods
About this ranking
Dietary energy available for human consumption, in kilocalories, per person per day from all foods, as published in FAOSTAT's food balances (item "Grand Total"). FAO converts each food's supply into nutrients with food composition factors and divides by the resident population.
Supply, not intake: the food available for human consumption at retail level, from production plus imports minus exports, stock changes and non-food uses, divided by the population. Household waste and what is not eaten are included, so it is higher than what people actually eat. FAO compiles these balances itself from national production and trade data, so every value is marked as estimated. The series starts in 2010 with FAO's current food balance method; FAO's older balances for 1961 to 2013 use another method and are not included. FAO revises past years with each release.
Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.
How to cite
FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT: Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664). Accessed on 2026-10-12. https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/FoodBalanceSheets_E_All_Data_%28Normalized%29.zip Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.Citation styles
APA 7
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2025). Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664) (EU countries by food supply (calories per person), 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/FoodBalanceSheets_E_All_Data_%28Normalized%29.zip
MLA 9
Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664), EU countries by food supply (calories per person), 2023. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 28 Oct. 2025, https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/FoodBalanceSheets_E_All_Data_%28Normalized%29.zip. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/food-supply-calories-per-person/eu-countries. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.
Chicago (author-date)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2025. Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664). EU countries by food supply (calories per person), 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/FoodBalanceSheets_E_All_Data_%28Normalized%29.zip. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/food-supply-calories-per-person/eu-countries.
Harvard
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2025) Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664), EU countries by food supply (calories per person), 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/FoodBalanceSheets_E_All_Data_%28Normalized%29.zip, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/food-supply-calories-per-person/eu-countries (Accessed: 12 October 2026).
BibTeX
@misc{food_eu_countries_by_food_2023,
author = {{Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations}},
title = {{Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664): EU countries by food supply (calories per person), 2023}},
year = {2025},
howpublished = {Data set},
url = {https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/FoodBalanceSheets_E_All_Data_%28Normalized%29.zip},
urldate = {2026-10-12},
note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/food-supply-calories-per-person/eu-countries. Publisher attribution: FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT: Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664). Accessed on 2026-10-12. https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/FoodBalanceSheets\_E\_All\_Data\_\%28Normalized\%29.zip Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.},
}
RIS
TY - DATA
AU - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
TI - Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664): EU countries by food supply (calories per person), 2023
PY - 2025
DA - 2025/10/28
PB - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
DB - Invokely
UR - https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/FoodBalanceSheets_E_All_Data_%28Normalized%29.zip
L2 - https://invokely.ai/rankings/food-supply-calories-per-person/eu-countries
Y2 - 2026/10/12
N1 - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/food-supply-calories-per-person/eu-countries.
N1 - Publisher attribution: FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT: Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664). Accessed on 2026-10-12. https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/FoodBalanceSheets_E_All_Data_%28Normalized%29.zip Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.
ER -
Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Rank EU countries by food supply (calories per person) using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"food_supply_kcal_per_capita_day","level":"country","within":"European Union (27)","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=food_supply_kcal_per_capita_day&level=country&within=European%20Union%20(27)&limit=10Questions
Which EU country has the highest food supply (calories per person)?
Belgium, with 3,921.31 kcal per person per day in 2023, according to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Which EU country has the lowest food supply (calories per person)?
Cyprus, with 2,876.46 kcal per person per day in 2023.
Where does this ranking come from?
Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Food Balances: Food Balances (2010-) (FBS): Grand Total, food supply, kcal/capita/day (item 2901, element 664). Retrieved 2026-10-12.