US cities by civilian labor force
New York, NY had the highest civilian labor force of 1613 cities in 2016, at 4.24 million. Florence, AZ had the lowest, at 4,899. The median was 23,703. Source: the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Top 40 cities, 2016
Full ranking
| Rank | Cities | 2016 | Change on 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | New York, NY | 4,241,256 | +0.5% |
| 2 | Los Angeles, CA | 1,990,541 | -1.2% |
| 3 | Chicago, IL | 1,446,276 | +4.9% |
| 4 | Houston, TX | 1,151,209 | +1.5% |
| 5 | Phoenix, AZ | 779,041 | +4.6% |
| 6 | Philadelphia, PA | 761,044 | +8.4% |
| 7 | San Diego, CA | 702,545 | +1% |
| 8 | Dallas, TX | 657,229 | +3.3% |
| 9 | San Antonio, TX | 653,414 | -3.5% |
| 10 | San Jose, CA | 537,573 | -0.4% |
| 11 | Austin, TX | 528,575 | -1.1% |
| 12 | San Francisco, CA | 514,927 | -4.9% |
| 13 | Columbus, OH | 467,420 | +4.5% |
| 14 | Jacksonville, FL | 451,179 | +3.9% |
| 15 | Charlotte, NC | 450,733 | +1.7% |
| 16 | Indianapolis, IN | 442,282 | +3.3% |
| 17 | Seattle, WA | 418,247 | -0.8% |
| 18 | Fort Worth, TX | 416,582 | +6.3% |
| 19 | Denver, CO | 397,431 | +6.1% |
| 20 | Boston, MA | 379,014 | +3.4% |
| 21 | Portland, OR | 368,799 | +4.6% |
| 22 | Oklahoma City, OK | 328,852 | +6.6% |
| 23 | Baltimore, MD | 304,226 | +2.8% |
| 24 | Las Vegas, NV | 296,405 | +1.5% |
| 25 | Memphis, TN | 291,227 | +0.9% |
| 26 | El Paso, TX | 291,143 | +2.4% |
| 27 | Milwaukee, WI | 285,859 | +1.3% |
| 28 | Albuquerque, NM | 284,763 | +3.9% |
| 29 | Kansas City, MO | 270,475 | +6.5% |
| 30 | Omaha, NE | 256,723 | +11.9% |
| 31 | Tucson, AZ | 254,891 | +3.4% |
| 32 | Atlanta, GA | 254,000 | +9.5% |
| 33 | Detroit, MI | 252,726 | +4.2% |
| 34 | Raleigh, NC | 251,618 | +6.5% |
| 35 | Long Beach, CA | 247,786 | +4.6% |
| 36 | Sacramento, CA | 247,262 | +9.2% |
| 37 | Minneapolis, MN | 242,385 | +4.1% |
| 38 | Fresno, CA | 236,725 | +0.5% |
| 39 | Oakland, CA | 235,124 | +12.5% |
| 40 | Mesa, AZ | 233,458 | +5.5% |
| 41 | Virginia Beach, VA | 227,026 | -1% |
| 42 | Colorado Springs, CO | 225,249 | +3.5% |
| 43 | Miami, FL | 218,690 | +4.4% |
| 44 | Tulsa, OK | 199,177 | +1.7% |
| 45 | Wichita, KS | 198,276 | +5.2% |
| 46 | Arlington, TX | 198,010 | -0.9% |
| 47 | Aurora, CO | 192,145 | +6.4% |
| 48 | Tampa, FL | 190,669 | +1.7% |
| 49 | New Orleans, LA | 186,034 | +2.7% |
| 50 | Bakersfield, CA | 180,117 | +0.4% |
| 51 | Anaheim, CA | 175,799 | +3.4% |
| 52 | St. Louis, MO | 172,529 | +8.9% |
| 53 | Cleveland, OH | 168,241 | +4.8% |
| 54 | Lexington, KY | 167,072 | -0.6% |
| 55 | St. Paul, MN | 166,611 | +8% |
| 56 | Pittsburgh, PA | 166,548 | +4.9% |
| 57 | Orlando, FL | 166,148 | +7.5% |
| 58 | Madison, WI | 160,546 | +5.8% |
| 59 | Santa Ana, CA | 157,867 | +0.1% |
| 60 | Lincoln, NE | 156,265 | +2.8% |
| 61 | Anchorage, AK | 154,602 | -0.9% |
| 62 | Cincinnati, OH | 154,041 | +8.1% |
| 63 | Jersey City, NJ | 153,843 | +7.8% |
| 64 | Plano, TX | 151,204 | -1.4% |
| 65 | Corpus Christi, TX | 149,988 | +0.3% |
| 66 | Riverside, CA | 146,925 | -0.4% |
| 67 | Greensboro, NC | 145,902 | +4.1% |
| 68 | Irvine, CA | 144,013 | +9.9% |
| 69 | Durham, NC | 143,393 | +7.5% |
| 70 | Chandler, AZ | 142,149 | +0.5% |
| 71 | Stockton, CA | 138,047 | +8.2% |
| 72 | Newark, NJ | 134,472 | +11.7% |
| 73 | Irving, TX | 134,316 | +8.3% |
| 74 | Henderson, NV | 134,136 | -6.6% |
| 75 | St. Petersburg, FL | 132,714 | -1.2% |
| 76 | Gilbert, AZ | 129,650 | +0.1% |
| 77 | Toledo, OH | 129,185 | +0.3% |
| 78 | Fort Wayne, IN | 127,656 | +4% |
| 79 | Reno, NV | 126,782 | +5.3% |
| 80 | Chula Vista, CA | 125,779 | +4.2% |
| 81 | Buffalo, NY | 125,685 | +12% |
| 82 | Boise City, ID | 124,584 | +5.9% |
| 83 | Lubbock, TX | 123,235 | -1.5% |
| 84 | Garland, TX | 122,841 | +3.8% |
| 85 | Richmond, VA | 122,334 | +8.3% |
| 86 | Des Moines, IA | 120,650 | +9.8% |
| 87 | Fremont, CA | 119,544 | +3.4% |
| 88 | Scottsdale, AZ | 119,134 | -6.1% |
| 89 | Santa Clarita, CA | 116,822 | +22.8% |
| 90 | Chesapeake, VA | 114,785 | -1.6% |
| 91 | Winston-Salem, NC | 114,673 | +1.8% |
| 92 | Glendale, AZ | 114,586 | +2.1% |
| 93 | North Las Vegas, NV | 113,196 | +7.3% |
| 94 | Hialeah, FL | 110,472 | +1.2% |
| 95 | Salt Lake City, UT | 110,447 | +3.2% |
| 96 | Baton Rouge, LA | 110,379 | -4.9% |
| 97 | Norfolk, VA | 109,892 | -0.8% |
| 98 | Tacoma, WA | 108,557 | +11.3% |
| 99 | Overland Park, KS | 107,845 | +2.1% |
| 100 | Spokane, WA | 107,811 | +8.4% |
| 101 | Huntington Beach, CA | 106,538 | -1.1% |
| 102 | Grand Rapids, MI | 105,956 | +5.1% |
| 103 | Tallahassee, FL | 103,697 | +6.8% |
| 104 | Worcester, MA | 102,799 | +12.3% |
| 105 | Laredo, TX | 102,779 | -3.1% |
| 106 | Sioux Falls, SD | 102,624 | +4.4% |
| 107 | Huntsville, AL | 101,458 | +9.7% |
| 108 | Yonkers, NY | 101,330 | +5.7% |
| 109 | Rochester, NY | 100,930 | +9.4% |
| 110 | Tempe, AZ | 100,201 | +0.4% |
| 111 | Oxnard, CA | 100,126 | 0% |
| 112 | Aurora, IL | 99,981 | -2.6% |
| 113 | Little Rock, AR | 99,224 | +3.6% |
| 114 | Amarillo, TX | 97,343 | -2.2% |
| 115 | Santa Rosa, CA | 96,624 | +9.1% |
| 116 | Alexandria, VA | 96,511 | +2.2% |
| 117 | Mobile, AL | 96,102 | +9.6% |
| 118 | Modesto, CA | 95,936 | +1.1% |
| 119 | Fort Lauderdale, FL | 95,726 | +1.9% |
| 120 | Glendale, CA | 95,544 | -5% |
| 121 | Grand Prairie, TX | 95,536 | +2.8% |
| 122 | Providence, RI | 95,426 | +8.2% |
| 123 | San Bernardino, CA | 94,265 | +13.7% |
| 124 | Birmingham, AL | 93,695 | +0.5% |
| 125 | Knoxville, TN | 93,579 | +0.3% |
| 126 | Akron, OH | 93,141 | +2.3% |
| 127 | Fontana, CA | 92,772 | -2% |
| 128 | Fort Collins, CO | 92,727 | +2.7% |
| 129 | Montgomery, AL | 90,849 | -2.3% |
| 130 | Moreno Valley, CA | 90,547 | -0.3% |
| 131 | Vancouver, WA | 90,543 | +10.3% |
| 132 | Newport News, VA | 87,535 | -1.7% |
| 133 | Oceanside, CA | 87,321 | +7.5% |
| 134 | Cary, NC | 87,169 | +2.5% |
| 135 | Eugene, OR | 86,983 | +8.8% |
| 136 | Garden Grove, CA | 86,267 | +4.8% |
| 137 | Cape Coral, FL | 86,250 | +3.1% |
| 138 | Sunnyvale, CA | 86,182 | +1.8% |
| 139 | Port St. Lucie, FL | 86,018 | +2.6% |
| 140 | Hayward, CA | 85,984 | +10.7% |
| 141 | Columbus, GA | 85,947 | +10.1% |
| 142 | Shreveport, LA | 85,570 | -1.2% |
| 143 | Chattanooga, TN | 85,409 | +6.6% |
| 144 | Pembroke Pines, FL | 85,347 | -2.2% |
| 145 | Springfield, MO | 84,500 | -1.5% |
| 146 | McKinney, TX | 84,316 | +2.2% |
| 147 | Lakewood, CO | 84,313 | +4.7% |
| 148 | Peoria, AZ | 84,173 | +0.2% |
| 149 | Salinas, CA | 83,515 | +5.7% |
| 150 | Rancho Cucamonga, CA | 83,145 | -9.4% |
| 151 | Frisco, TX | 81,638 | +0.3% |
| 152 | Hollywood, FL | 81,237 | +5% |
| 153 | Elk Grove, CA | 79,369 | +1.1% |
| 154 | Salem, OR | 79,278 | +4.4% |
| 155 | Fayetteville, NC | 79,269 | +8.3% |
| 156 | Joliet, IL | 78,893 | +4.3% |
| 157 | Bridgeport, CT | 78,768 | +10.6% |
| 158 | Charleston, SC | 78,533 | +11.8% |
| 159 | Mesquite, TX | 78,359 | +6.8% |
| 160 | Stamford, CT | 78,156 | +11.8% |
| 161 | Ontario, CA | 78,060 | -4.6% |
| 162 | Bellevue, WA | 76,773 | +1.2% |
| 163 | Naperville, IL | 76,751 | -2.6% |
| 164 | Pasadena, CA | 76,592 | -0.8% |
| 165 | Brownsville, TX | 76,327 | +3.9% |
| 166 | Cedar Rapids, IA | 76,226 | +6% |
| 167 | Kansas City, KS | 75,324 | +7.4% |
| 168 | Miramar, FL | 75,285 | +2.3% |
| 169 | Olathe, KS | 75,232 | -1% |
| 170 | Torrance, CA | 75,217 | -2% |
| 171 | Palmdale, CA | 74,667 | +17.1% |
| 172 | Carrollton, TX | 74,334 | -2.1% |
| 173 | Escondido, CA | 74,104 | +8.3% |
| 174 | Corona, CA | 74,027 | -7.1% |
| 175 | Orange, CA | 73,679 | +2.7% |
| 176 | Pomona, CA | 73,173 | +9.5% |
| 177 | Murfreesboro, TN | 72,315 | +7.6% |
| 178 | Jackson, MS | 72,163 | -2.9% |
| 179 | Fargo, ND | 72,147 | +10.1% |
| 180 | Savannah, GA | 71,798 | +11.8% |
| 181 | Fullerton, CA | 71,173 | +1.4% |
| 182 | Thornton, CO | 71,135 | +1.4% |
| 183 | Rockford, IL | 71,132 | +5.1% |
| 184 | West Valley City, UT | 71,003 | +3.6% |
| 185 | Lancaster, CA | 70,517 | +11.5% |
| 186 | Pasadena, TX | 70,314 | +4.9% |
| 187 | Paterson, NJ | 70,267 | +10.6% |
| 188 | Coral Springs, FL | 69,870 | -0.9% |
| 189 | Warren, MI | 69,445 | +12.1% |
| 190 | Santa Clara, CA | 68,896 | +1.6% |
| 191 | Lewisville, TX | 68,304 | +12.2% |
| 192 | Kent, WA | 68,243 | +7.7% |
| 193 | Gainesville, FL | 67,926 | +5.3% |
| 194 | Simi Valley, CA | 67,691 | -1.4% |
| 195 | Denton, TX | 67,617 | -0.8% |
| 196 | Manchester, NH | 67,344 | +8.3% |
| 197 | Cambridge, MA | 67,244 | +4% |
| 198 | Columbia, MO | 67,234 | +0.7% |
| 199 | Roseville, CA | 67,177 | +5.4% |
| 200 | Elizabeth, NJ | 66,886 | +3.3% |
| 201 | Springfield, MA | 66,815 | +4.7% |
| 202 | Ann Arbor, MI | 66,690 | +6.7% |
| 203 | New Haven, CT | 66,507 | +2.7% |
| 204 | Columbia, SC | 66,497 | +11.7% |
| 205 | Westminster, CO | 66,225 | +6.9% |
| 206 | Macon, GA | 66,193 | -1.5% |
| 207 | Arvada, CO | 66,164 | +6.2% |
| 208 | Sterling Heights, MI | 66,072 | +1.9% |
| 209 | Costa Mesa, CA | 65,939 | +1.6% |
| 210 | Clarksville, TN | 65,841 | +12.2% |
| 211 | Concord, CA | 65,312 | 0% |
| 212 | Hampton, VA | 64,829 | +0.6% |
| 213 | Thousand Oaks, CA | 64,561 | -3.1% |
| 214 | Berkeley, CA | 64,288 | +5.1% |
| 215 | Syracuse, NY | 64,112 | +8.2% |
| 216 | Provo, UT | 63,472 | +2.6% |
| 217 | Visalia, CA | 63,256 | +2.7% |
| 218 | Topeka, KS | 63,209 | -1% |
| 219 | Vallejo, CA | 62,787 | +8.8% |
| 220 | Rochester, MN | 62,449 | +0.9% |
| 221 | Norman, OK | 62,443 | +3.1% |
| 222 | McAllen, TX | 62,122 | -0.1% |
| 223 | Sandy Springs, GA | 61,939 | +3.3% |
| 224 | Lafayette, LA | 61,545 | -3.9% |
| 225 | Elgin, IL | 61,415 | +6.7% |
| 226 | Waco, TX | 61,278 | +7.4% |
| 227 | Independence, MO | 61,114 | +4.8% |
| 228 | Richardson, TX | 61,093 | +4.9% |
| 229 | Pearland, TX | 60,570 | +4.2% |
| 230 | West Jordan, UT | 60,428 | +1.7% |
| 231 | Billings, MT | 60,289 | +5.6% |
| 232 | West Palm Beach, FL | 59,895 | +7.1% |
| 233 | Lowell, MA | 59,490 | +9.1% |
| 234 | Dayton, OH | 59,320 | +1.9% |
| 235 | Downey, CA | 59,307 | +5.1% |
| 236 | Daly City, CA | 59,087 | -5.6% |
| 237 | San Mateo, CA | 58,990 | -3.9% |
| 238 | Lansing, MI | 58,859 | +1.8% |
| 239 | Richmond, CA | 58,684 | +11.9% |
| 240 | Evansville, IN | 58,642 | -0.2% |
| 241 | Hartford, CT | 58,447 | +7.8% |
| 242 | Allentown, PA | 58,373 | +6.4% |
| 243 | San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA | 58,232 | +3.2% |
| 244 | Gresham, OR | 58,202 | +8.9% |
| 245 | Renton, WA | 58,197 | +4.3% |
| 246 | Killeen, TX | 58,114 | +8.7% |
| 247 | Boulder, CO | 57,877 | -4.1% |
| 248 | Wilmington, NC | 57,617 | -1.2% |
| 249 | Burbank, CA | 57,603 | +0.5% |
| 250 | Green Bay, WI | 57,400 | +5.4% |
Other periods
About this ranking
Employed plus unemployed residents, annual average.
More on how it is measured
- People aged 16 and over by place of residence, from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
- Active-duty military personnel and people living in institutions are excluded.
United States cities only for now. Counts people where they live, not jobs: for wage and salary jobs by state use oews_employment. BLS estimates cities by splitting county estimates with Census Bureau employment and population data and unemployment insurance claims, so city figures are less precise than state ones. BLS publishes cities of 25,000 or more, and smaller cities in New England.
Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the cities are compared on one definition. 93 cities with data in other periods have no value for 2016 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.
How to cite
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average. https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU15-19. Retrieved 2026-10-12.Citation styles
APA 7
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2026). Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average (US cities by civilian labor force, 2016) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU15-19
MLA 9
Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average, US cities by civilian labor force, 2016. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 30 Sept. 2026, https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU15-19. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/civilian-labor-force/us-cities?period=2016. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.
Chicago (author-date)
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2026. Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average. US cities by civilian labor force, 2016. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU15-19. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/civilian-labor-force/us-cities?period=2016.
Harvard
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2026) Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average, US cities by civilian labor force, 2016 [Dataset]. Available at: https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU15-19, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/civilian-labor-force/us-cities?period=2016 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).
BibTeX
@misc{bureau_us_cities_by_civilian_2016,
author = {{U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}},
title = {{Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average: US cities by civilian labor force, 2016}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Data set},
url = {https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU15-19},
urldate = {2026-10-12},
note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/civilian-labor-force/us-cities?period=2016. Publisher attribution: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average. https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU15-19. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY - DATA
AU - U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
TI - Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average: US cities by civilian labor force, 2016
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/30
PB - U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
DB - Invokely
UR - https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU15-19
L2 - https://invokely.ai/rankings/civilian-labor-force/us-cities?period=2016
Y2 - 2026/10/12
N1 - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/civilian-labor-force/us-cities?period=2016.
N1 - Publisher attribution: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average. https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU15-19. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER -
Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Rank US cities by civilian labor force using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"civilian_labor_force","level":"municipality","within":"United States","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=civilian_labor_force&level=municipality&within=United%20States&limit=10Questions
Which city has the highest civilian labor force?
New York, NY, with 4.24 million in 2016, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Which city has the lowest civilian labor force?
Florence, AZ, with 4,899 in 2016.
Where does this ranking come from?
Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, cities and towns, not seasonally adjusted: labor force (measure 06), annual average. Retrieved 2026-10-12. 93 cities have no value for 2016 and are not ranked.