Data / R&D expenditure share of GDP / Romania

R&D expenditure share of GDP in Romania

R&D expenditure share of GDP in Romania was 0.46% of GDP in 2024, according to Eurostat, European Commission. That is down 0.06 pts from 2023. That is the 27th highest of 27 EU countries in 2024.

2024, % of GDP0.46
Change on 2023-0.06 pts
Rank27th of 27EU countries ranked
Series high0.761995
Series low0.372000

Next release: Wednesday, 29 September 2027, estimated by Invokely from past publication dates (low confidence), not announced by the publisher. Release calendar

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R&D expenditure share of GDP in Romania, 1995 to 2024

0.30.40.50.60.70.819952000200520102015202020241995: 0.76 % of GDP1996: 0.67 % of GDP1997: 0.57 % of GDP1998: 0.5 % of GDP1999: 0.4 % of GDP2000: 0.37 % of GDP2001: 0.39 % of GDP2002: 0.38 % of GDP2003: 0.4 % of GDP2004: 0.39 % of GDP2005: 0.41 % of GDP2006: 0.46 % of GDP2007: 0.51 % of GDP2008: 0.55 % of GDP2009: 0.44 % of GDP2010: 0.45 % of GDP2011: 0.47 % of GDP2012: 0.46 % of GDP2013: 0.39 % of GDP2014: 0.38 % of GDP2015: 0.49 % of GDP2016: 0.49 % of GDP2017: 0.51 % of GDP2018: 0.5 % of GDP2019: 0.48 % of GDP2020: 0.47 % of GDP2021: 0.47 % of GDP2022: 0.46 % of GDP2023: 0.52 % of GDP2024: 0.46 % of GDP0.30.40.50.60.70.819952005201520241995: 0.76 % of GDP1996: 0.67 % of GDP1997: 0.57 % of GDP1998: 0.5 % of GDP1999: 0.4 % of GDP2000: 0.37 % of GDP2001: 0.39 % of GDP2002: 0.38 % of GDP2003: 0.4 % of GDP2004: 0.39 % of GDP2005: 0.41 % of GDP2006: 0.46 % of GDP2007: 0.51 % of GDP2008: 0.55 % of GDP2009: 0.44 % of GDP2010: 0.45 % of GDP2011: 0.47 % of GDP2012: 0.46 % of GDP2013: 0.39 % of GDP2014: 0.38 % of GDP2015: 0.49 % of GDP2016: 0.49 % of GDP2017: 0.51 % of GDP2018: 0.5 % of GDP2019: 0.48 % of GDP2020: 0.47 % of GDP2021: 0.47 % of GDP2022: 0.46 % of GDP2023: 0.52 % of GDP2024: 0.46 % of GDP
% of GDP. Source: Eurostat, Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot). Retrieved 2026-10-18, published 2026-09-29.
All 30 values
Period% of GDP
20240.46
20230.52
20220.46
20210.47
20200.47
20190.48
20180.5
20170.51
20160.49
20150.49
20140.38
20130.39
20120.46
20110.47 Series break
20100.45
20090.44
20080.55
20070.51
20060.46
20050.41
20040.39
20030.4
20020.38
20010.39
20000.37
19990.4
19980.5
19970.57
19960.67
19950.76 Series break

Compared with European Union (27)

Place2024
Romania0.46
European Union (27)2.26

Romania compared with nearby places

Austria: 3.34 % of GDPBelgium: 3.25 % of GDPBulgaria: 0.77 % of GDPCyprus: 0.64 % of GDPCzechia: 1.82 % of GDPGermany: 3.12 % of GDPDenmark: 3.15 % of GDPEstonia: 1.98 % of GDPSpain: 1.5 % of GDPFinland: 3.22 % of GDPFrance: 2.18 % of GDPGreece: 1.53 % of GDPCroatia: 1.41 % of GDPHungary: 1.31 % of GDPIreland: 1.59 % of GDPItaly: 1.41 % of GDPLithuania: 1.12 % of GDPLuxembourg: 1.04 % of GDPLatvia: 0.94 % of GDPMalta: 0.61 % of GDPNetherlands: 2.37 % of GDPPoland: 1.4 % of GDPPortugal: 1.73 % of GDPRomania: 0.46 % of GDPSweden: 3.53 % of GDPSlovenia: 2.14 % of GDPSlovakia: 0.98 % of GDP
  • Under 0.99
  • 0.99 to 1.4
  • 1.4 to 1.8
  • 1.8 to 3
  • 3 and over
R&D expenditure share of GDP, 2024, % of GDP. Romania is outlined. Same source and period for every area shown. Source: Eurostat, European Commission. Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

Rankings

Definition

Gross domestic expenditure on research and experimental development (GERD) by all sectors (businesses, government, higher education and private non-profit institutions) as a percentage of gross domestic product. Regions are measured against their own regional GDP.

Measured following the OECD Frascati Manual. The EU set a target of 3% of GDP. Eurostat estimates the EU total, and some national years are estimated or provisional.

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How to cite

Eurostat. Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot) (R&D expenditure share of GDP, Romania, 1995 to 2024) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table

MLA 9

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot), R&D expenditure share of GDP, Romania, 1995 to 2024. Eurostat, European Commission, 29 Sept. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/romania. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot). R&D expenditure share of GDP, Romania, 1995 to 2024. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/romania.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot), R&D expenditure share of GDP, Romania, 1995 to 2024 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/en/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/romania (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_r_d_expenditure_share_2024,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Gross domestic expenditure on R\&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd\_e\_gerdtot): R\&D expenditure share of GDP, Romania, 1995 to 2024}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/romania. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Gross domestic expenditure on R\&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd\_e\_gerdtot). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd\_e\_gerdtot/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot): R&D expenditure share of GDP, Romania, 1995 to 2024
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/29
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/en/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/romania
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/romania.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.
ER  -
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Questions

What is the R&D expenditure share of GDP in Romania?

R&D expenditure share of GDP in Romania was 0.46% of GDP in 2024, according to Eurostat, European Commission. That is down 0.06 pts from 2023. That is the 27th highest of 27 EU countries in 2024.

Where does this figure come from?

Eurostat, European Commission. Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot). Retrieved by Invokely on 2026-10-18.

What was the highest R&D expenditure share of GDP in Romania?

0.76% of GDP in 1995, the highest value since 1995 in this series.

R&D expenditure share of GDP elsewhere in European Union (27)

Related statistics for Romania

All statistics for Romania | Romania in figures