Data / Middlesex County / Profile

Middlesex County in figures

A profile of Middlesex County from official statistics: 24 figures in 5 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Middlesex County was 10,841 in 2025, down 0.9% from 2024, and the 21st lowest of 133 counties in Virginia.

Population10,8412025Down 0.9% from 2024The 21st lowest of 133 counties in Virginia
Median age55.5 years2024Unchanged from 2023The 4th highest of 133 counties in Virginia
Population aged 65 and over34.8%2025Up 0.9 percentage points from 2024The 4th highest of 133 counties in Virginia
Foreign-born population share2.5%2024Down 1.1 percentage points from 2023
Population density32.1 inhabitants per km²2025Down 0.9% from 2024
Net domestic migration, July to June-172025, estimatedCompared with 80 in 2024
10.6K10.7K10.8K10.9K11K2020202120222023202420252020: 10,609 persons2021: 10,780 persons2022: 10,953 persons2023: 10,925 persons2024: 10,941 persons2025: 10,841 persons
Population, 2020 to 2025. persons. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program).

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program); U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B01002: median age, total population; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex (cc-est agesex): residents aged 65 and over as a percentage of the total, 1 July; states and the nation summed from counties; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B05002: foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population, calculated with stored inputs; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program resident population on 1 July divided by land area from the latest Census Gazetteer files, persons per km²; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program: net domestic migration, states and counties, July 1 of the previous year to June 30 of the reported year; vintage 2020 files for 2011 to 2020 and the latest 2020s vintage from 2021. Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Middlesex County was 3.4% (provisional) in August 2026, up 0.3 percentage points from August 2025, and tied for the 44th lowest of 133 counties in Virginia.

Unemployment rate3.4%August 2026, provisionalUp 0.3 percentage points from August 2025Tied for the 44th lowest of 133 counties in Virginia
Median household income$75,0602024Up 1.2% from 2023The 56th highest of 133 counties in Virginia
Per capita personal income$70,7722024Up 4.9% from 2023The 18th highest of 82 counties in Virginia
Poverty rate (US official measure)11.2%2024Down 1.7 percentage points from 2023
Gini index412024Down 0.7 points from 2023
22.533.542021-072022-042023-012023-102024-072025-042026-082021-07: 3.9 %2021-08: 3.8 %2021-09: 3.5 %2021-10: 3.1 %2021-11: 2.2 %2021-12: 2.5 %2022-01: 2.9 %2022-02: 2.8 %2022-03: 2.7 %2022-04: 2.6 %2022-05: 3 %2022-06: 3.2 %2022-07: 3.2 %2022-08: 3.5 %2022-09: 3 %2022-10: 2.9 %2022-11: 3 %2022-12: 2.6 %2023-01: 3.3 %2023-02: 3 %2023-03: 2.9 %2023-04: 2.6 %2023-05: 2.7 %2023-06: 2.8 %2023-07: 2.7 %2023-08: 2.8 %2023-09: 2.7 %2023-10: 2.8 %2023-11: 2.8 %2023-12: 2.3 %2024-01: 2.9 %2024-02: 2.9 %2024-03: 2.7 %2024-04: 2.5 %2024-05: 2.9 %2024-06: 3 %2024-07: 3.2 %2024-08: 3.3 %2024-09: 3.1 %2024-10: 2.9 %2024-11: 3.2 %2024-12: 2.9 %2025-01: 3.6 %2025-02: 3.4 %2025-03: 3.1 %2025-04: 3 %2025-05: 3.2 %2025-06: 3.4 %2025-07: 3.1 %2025-08: 3.1 %2025-09: 3.1 %2025-11: 4 %2025-12: 3.2 %2026-01: 3.4 %2026-02: 3.8 %2026-03: 3.5 %2026-04: 3.3 %2026-05: 3.2 %2026-06: 3.8 %2026-07: 3.5 %2026-08: 3.4 %
Unemployment rate, July 2021 to August 2026. %. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted.

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19013: median household income in the past 12 months; U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAINC1: county annual personal income summary, per capita personal income, current dollars, individual counties and county equivalents; U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): percent of people of all ages in poverty, states and counties; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19083: Gini index of household income inequality (coefficient multiplied by 100). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (US dollars) in Middlesex County was $523.03 million in 2024, up 4.6% from 2023, and the 19th lowest of 82 counties in Virginia.

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars$523.03 million2024Up 4.6% from 2023The 19th lowest of 82 counties in Virginia
GDP per capita, US dollars$47,7702024Up 4.5% from 2023The 41st highest of 82 counties in Virginia
Real GDP growth2.2%2024Down 1.2 percentage points from 2023Tied for the 40th highest of 82 counties in Virginia
20030040050060020012005200920132017202120242001: 211.5 USD million2002: 224 USD million2003: 236.8 USD million2004: 250.3 USD million2005: 264 USD million2006: 266.4 USD million2007: 271.8 USD million2008: 288.5 USD million2009: 311.1 USD million2010: 316.8 USD million2011: 318.9 USD million2012: 317.3 USD million2013: 322.9 USD million2014: 321.6 USD million2015: 329.5 USD million2016: 348.8 USD million2017: 382.9 USD million2018: 390 USD million2019: 393.8 USD million2020: 392.8 USD million2021: 420.3 USD million2022: 461.5 USD million2023: 500 USD million2024: 523 USD million
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars, 2001 to 2024. USD million. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions).

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions); Invokely, GDP in current dollars (BEA SAGDP2 and CAGDP1) divided by mid-year population (BEA SAINC1 and CAINC1); U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP11: annual percent change in real GDP, all industry total, individual counties and county equivalents. Economy statistics and rankings

Prices and housing

Median home value in Middlesex County was $352,200 in 2024, up 17.5% from 2023, and the 38th highest of 133 counties in Virginia.

Median home value$352,2002024Up 17.5% from 2023The 38th highest of 133 counties in Virginia
County house price annual change, sales and refinances0.5%2025Down 9.2 percentage points from 2024The 15th lowest of 123 counties in Virginia
Median gross rent (monthly)$1,0592024Down 1.1% from 2023The 67th highest of 133 counties in Virginia
Homeownership rate (US, housing units)87.4%2024Up 1.7 percentage points from 2023
Housing units authorized by building permits622025, estimatedDown 36.1% from 2024
260K280K300K320K340K360K20212022202320242021: 265,200 USD2022: 288,900 USD2023: 299,800 USD2024: 352,200 USD
Median home value, 2021 to 2024. USD. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units; Federal Housing Finance Agency, FHFA developmental all-transactions county house prices, published annual percent change, nominal, not seasonally adjusted; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25064: median gross rent (dollars), renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25003: owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of occupied housing units, calculated with stored inputs; U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey: final annual county estimates of new privately owned housing units authorized, including imputation. Housing statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Employer firms in Middlesex County were 260 in 2023, up 1.2% from 2022, and the 38th lowest of 133 counties in Virginia.

Employer firms2602023Up 1.2% from 2022The 38th lowest of 133 counties in Virginia
Establishment entry rate11.236%2023Down 0.19 percentage points from 2022The 21st highest of 131 counties in Virginia
Establishment exit rate8.989%2023Up 0.23 percentage points from 2022The 52nd highest of 133 counties in Virginia
Job creation rate20.074%2023Up 0.22 percentage points from 2022
Farms702022No 2021 figure to compare
24026028030032034036019992003200720112015201920231999: 286 count2000: 301 count2001: 303 count2002: 308 count2003: 301 count2004: 324 count2005: 320 count2006: 338 count2007: 344 count2008: 345 count2009: 323 count2010: 301 count2011: 288 count2012: 273 count2013: 274 count2014: 271 count2015: 273 count2016: 279 count2017: 270 count2018: 256 count2019: 267 count2020: 256 count2021: 249 count2022: 257 count2023: 260 count
Employer firms, 1999 to 2023. count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment entry rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment exit rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Census of Agriculture: number of farms, nation, states and counties (1997 to 2022). Companies statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. U.S. Census Bureau. Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  2. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B01002: median age, total population. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b01002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  3. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex (cc-est agesex): residents aged 65 and over as a percentage of the total, 1 July; states and the nation summed from counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/counties/asrh/cc-est2025-agesex-all.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  4. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B05002: foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b05002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  5. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program resident population on 1 July divided by land area from the latest Census Gazetteer files, persons per km². https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  6. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program: net domestic migration, states and counties, July 1 of the previous year to June 30 of the reported year; vintage 2020 files for 2011 to 2020 and the latest 2020s vintage from 2021. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  7. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted. https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU25-29. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  8. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19013: median household income in the past 12 months. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b19013.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  9. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAINC1: county annual personal income summary, per capita personal income, current dollars, individual counties and county equivalents. https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAINC1.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-11.
  10. U.S. Census Bureau. Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): percent of people of all ages in poverty, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2024/2024-state-and-county/est24all.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  11. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19083: Gini index of household income inequality (coefficient multiplied by 100). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b19083.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  12. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions). https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAGDP1.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  13. Invokely calculation from GDP in current dollars (BEA SAGDP2 and CAGDP1) divided by mid-year population (BEA SAINC1 and CAINC1). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#gdp_per_capita_usd. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  14. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAGDP11: annual percent change in real GDP, all industry total, individual counties and county equivalents. https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAGDP11.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  15. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25077.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  16. Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). FHFA developmental all-transactions county house prices, published annual percent change, nominal, not seasonally adjusted. https://www.fhfa.gov/hpi/download/annual/hpi_at_county.xlsx. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  17. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25064: median gross rent (dollars), renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25064.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  18. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25003: owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of occupied housing units, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25003.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  19. U.S. Census Bureau. Building Permits Survey: final annual county estimates of new privately owned housing units authorized, including imputation. https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/co2025a.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  20. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-11.
  21. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment entry rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  22. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment exit rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  23. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  24. Source: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, Census of Agriculture. Census of Agriculture: number of farms, nation, states and counties (1997 to 2022). Retrieved through Data Commons (datacommons.org). https://www.nass.usda.gov/AgCensus/. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Retrieved through Data Commons (https://datacommons.org).

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