Data / Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth / European Union (27)

Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth in European Union (27)

Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth in the European Union (27) was 3.3% in 2025, according to Eurostat, European Commission. That is down 1.4 pts from 2024.

20253.3%
Change on 2024-1.4 pts
Series high6.92023
Series low-0.22021

Next release: Saturday, 16 October 2027, estimated by Invokely from past publication dates (low confidence), not announced by the publisher. Release calendar

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Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth in European Union (27), 2004 to 2025

-2024682004200820122016202020252004: 0.2 %2005: 1.7 %2006: 0.8 %2007: 1.9 %2008: 4.3 %2009: 3 %2010: 0.3 %2011: 0.5 %2012: 2.1 %2013: 1.1 %2014: 0.3 %2015: 0 %2016: 0.8 %2017: 1 %2018: 1.9 %2019: 1.8 %2020: 4.3 %2021: -0.2 %2022: 3.4 %2023: 6.9 %2024: 4.7 %2025: 3.3 %-2024682004201220252004: 0.2 %2005: 1.7 %2006: 0.8 %2007: 1.9 %2008: 4.3 %2009: 3 %2010: 0.3 %2011: 0.5 %2012: 2.1 %2013: 1.1 %2014: 0.3 %2015: 0 %2016: 0.8 %2017: 1 %2018: 1.9 %2019: 1.8 %2020: 4.3 %2021: -0.2 %2022: 3.4 %2023: 6.9 %2024: 4.7 %2025: 3.3 %
%. Source: Eurostat, Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). Retrieved 2026-10-18, published 2026-10-16.
All 22 values
Period%
20253.3
20244.7
20236.9
20223.4
2021-0.2
20204.3
20191.8
20181.9
20171
20160.8
20150
20140.3
20131.1
20122.1
20110.5
20100.3
20093
20084.3
20071.9
20060.8
20051.7
20040.2

Rankings

Definition

Percentage change from the previous year in the nominal unit labour cost based on persons: compensation per employee divided by real labour productivity per person employed (GDP in chain-linked volumes per person employed).

Rises when pay grows faster than productivity. From the national accounts (ESA 2010). Ireland's GDP, and with it its productivity, is inflated and made volatile by the activities of multinational companies, notably the move of intellectual property to Ireland in 2015.

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How to cite

Eurostat. Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc) (Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth, European Union (27), 2004 to 2025) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table

MLA 9

Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc), Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth, European Union (27), 2004 to 2025. Eurostat, European Commission, 16 Oct. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/nominal-unit-labour-cost-growth/european-union. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth, European Union (27), 2004 to 2025. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/nominal-unit-labour-cost-growth/european-union.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc), Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth, European Union (27), 2004 to 2025 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/en/nominal-unit-labour-cost-growth/european-union (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_nominal_unit_labour_cost_2025,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama\_10\_lp\_ulc): Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth, European Union (27), 2004 to 2025}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/nominal-unit-labour-cost-growth/european-union. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama\_10\_lp\_ulc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama\_10\_lp\_ulc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc): Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth, European Union (27), 2004 to 2025
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/16
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/en/nominal-unit-labour-cost-growth/european-union
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/nominal-unit-labour-cost-growth/european-union.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.
ER  -
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Questions

What is the nominal unit labour cost, annual growth in European Union (27)?

Nominal unit labour cost, annual growth in the European Union (27) was 3.3% in 2025, according to Eurostat, European Commission. That is down 1.4 pts from 2024.

Where does this figure come from?

Eurostat, European Commission. Labour productivity and unit labour costs, nominal unit labour cost based on persons, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). Retrieved by Invokely on 2026-10-18.

What was the highest nominal unit labour cost, annual growth in European Union (27)?

6.9% in 2023, the highest value since 2004 in this series.

Related statistics for European Union (27)

All statistics for European Union (27) | European Union (27) in figures