Data / General government gross debt, national accounts / Japan

General government gross debt, national accounts in Japan

General government gross debt, national accounts in Japan was 218.5% of GDP in 2024, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. That is down 12.6 pts from 2023. That is the 1st highest of 37 countries in 2024.

2024, % of GDP218.5
Change on 2023-12.6 pts
Rank1st of 37Countries ranked
Series high250.12020
Series low170.92005

Next release: Tuesday, 12 October 2027, estimated by Invokely from past publication dates (low confidence), not announced by the publisher. Release calendar

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General government gross debt, national accounts in Japan, 2005 to 2024

16018020022024026020052008201120142017202020242005: 170.9 % of GDP2006: 171.1 % of GDP2007: 172.7 % of GDP2008: 176.5 % of GDP2009: 197.8 % of GDP2010: 202.7 % of GDP2011: 216.6 % of GDP2012: 224.6 % of GDP2013: 227.2 % of GDP2014: 230.4 % of GDP2015: 228.8 % of GDP2016: 226.6 % of GDP2017: 225.5 % of GDP2018: 229.1 % of GDP2019: 229.2 % of GDP2020: 250.1 % of GDP2021: 245.2 % of GDP2022: 242.4 % of GDP2023: 231 % of GDP2024: 218.5 % of GDP1601802002202402602005201220242005: 170.9 % of GDP2006: 171.1 % of GDP2007: 172.7 % of GDP2008: 176.5 % of GDP2009: 197.8 % of GDP2010: 202.7 % of GDP2011: 216.6 % of GDP2012: 224.6 % of GDP2013: 227.2 % of GDP2014: 230.4 % of GDP2015: 228.8 % of GDP2016: 226.6 % of GDP2017: 225.5 % of GDP2018: 229.1 % of GDP2019: 229.2 % of GDP2020: 250.1 % of GDP2021: 245.2 % of GDP2022: 242.4 % of GDP2023: 231 % of GDP2024: 218.5 % of GDP
% of GDP. Source: OECD, OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4). Retrieved 2026-10-12, published 2026-10-12.
All 20 values
Period% of GDP
2024218.5
2023231
2022242.4
2021245.2
2020250.1
2019229.2
2018229.1
2017225.5
2016226.6
2015228.8
2014230.4
2013227.2
2012224.6
2011216.6
2010202.7
2009197.8
2008176.5
2007172.7
2006171.1
2005170.9

Japan compared with nearby places

Austria: 83.6 % of GDPAustralia: 71.1 % of GDPBelgium: 104.8 % of GDPCanada: 116.5 % of GDPSwitzerland: 40.8 % of GDPChile: 45.9 % of GDPColombia: 83.2 % of GDPCzechia: 49.1 % of GDPGermany: 62.9 % of GDPDenmark: 37.1 % of GDPEstonia: 33 % of GDPSpain: 109 % of GDPFinland: 85.3 % of GDPFrance: 115 % of GDPUnited Kingdom: 92.5 % of GDPGreece: 170.4 % of GDPHungary: 82 % of GDPIreland: 39 % of GDPIsrael: 73.2 % of GDPIceland: 89.8 % of GDPItaly: 147.8 % of GDPJapan: 218.5 % of GDPSouth Korea: 56.6 % of GDPLithuania: 40.1 % of GDPLuxembourg: 31.7 % of GDPLatvia: 57.2 % of GDPMexico: 62.3 % of GDPNetherlands: 48.3 % of GDPNorway: 59.3 % of GDPNew Zealand: 59.6 % of GDPPoland: 67 % of GDPPortugal: 99.1 % of GDPSweden: 55.7 % of GDPSlovenia: 69 % of GDPSlovakia: 67.2 % of GDPTürkiye: 26.5 % of GDPUnited States: 137.4 % of GDP
  • Under 41
  • 41 to 57
  • 57 to 67
  • 67 to 84
  • 84 to 110
  • 110 and over
  • No data
General government gross debt, national accounts, 2024, % of GDP. Japan is outlined. Same source and period for every area shown. Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

Rankings

Definition

Gross debt of general government (central, state and local government and social security funds) as a percentage of GDP, under the System of National Accounts: all liabilities that are debt instruments, including loans, debt securities, currency and deposits, insurance and pension entitlements and other accounts payable.

Not the Maastricht debt in government_debt: this measure also counts pension entitlements and accounts payable, and some countries value securities at market prices, so it is usually higher. Use it to compare OECD countries with each other.

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How to cite

OECD. OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_NAAG_VI%40DF_NAAG_VI&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD. Accessed 2026-10-12. Data reuse terms and downstream attribution: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/terms-conditions.html

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2026). OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4) (General government gross debt, national accounts, Japan, 2005 to 2024) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_NAAG_VI%40DF_NAAG_VI&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD

MLA 9

OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4), General government gross debt, national accounts, Japan, 2005 to 2024. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 12 Oct. 2026, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_NAAG_VI%40DF_NAAG_VI&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/general-government-gross-debt/japan. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2026. OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4). General government gross debt, national accounts, Japan, 2005 to 2024. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_NAAG_VI%40DF_NAAG_VI&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/general-government-gross-debt/japan.

Harvard

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2026) OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4), General government gross debt, national accounts, Japan, 2005 to 2024 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_NAAG_VI%40DF_NAAG_VI&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/en/general-government-gross-debt/japan (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{organisation_general_government_gross_debt_2024,
  author = {{Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}},
  title = {{OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD\_NAAG\_VI@DF\_NAAG\_VI, LES13\_FD4): General government gross debt, national accounts, Japan, 2005 to 2024}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_NAAG_VI%40DF_NAAG_VI&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/general-government-gross-debt/japan. Publisher attribution: OECD. OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD\_NAAG\_VI@DF\_NAAG\_VI, LES13\_FD4). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ\&df[id]=DSD\_NAAG\_VI\%40DF\_NAAG\_VI\&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD. Accessed 2026-10-12. Data reuse terms and downstream attribution: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/terms-conditions.html.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
TI  - OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4): General government gross debt, national accounts, Japan, 2005 to 2024
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/12
PB  - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_NAAG_VI%40DF_NAAG_VI&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD
L2  - https://invokely.ai/en/general-government-gross-debt/japan
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/general-government-gross-debt/japan.
N1  - Publisher attribution: OECD. OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4). https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=dsDisseminateFinalDMZ&df[id]=DSD_NAAG_VI%40DF_NAAG_VI&df[ag]=OECD.SDD.NAD. Accessed 2026-10-12. Data reuse terms and downstream attribution: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/terms-conditions.html.
ER  -
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Questions

What is the general government gross debt, national accounts in Japan?

General government gross debt, national accounts in Japan was 218.5% of GDP in 2024, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. That is down 12.6 pts from 2023. That is the 1st highest of 37 countries in 2024.

Where does this figure come from?

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. OECD National Accounts at a Glance: gross debt of general government, percentage of GDP (DSD_NAAG_VI@DF_NAAG_VI, LES13_FD4). Retrieved by Invokely on 2026-10-12.

What was the highest general government gross debt, national accounts in Japan?

250.1% of GDP in 2020, the highest value since 2005 in this series.

General government gross debt, national accounts in other countries

Related statistics for Japan

All statistics for Japan | Japan in figures