Countries by primary energy production

China had the highest primary energy production of 217 countries in 2018, at 108.195 quadrillion Btu. Western Sahara had the lowest, at 0 quadrillion Btu. The median was 0.049 quadrillion Btu. Source: the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

Highest108.195China

Lowest0Western Sahara

Median0.049217 countries

Top 40 countries, 2018

quadrillion Btu. Source: EIA, International Energy Statistics: total energy production, quadrillion Btu (series INTL.44-1-QBTU.A) via Data Commons. Retrieved 2026-10-11.

Full ranking

Rank	Countries	2018 quadrillion Btu	Change on 2017
1	China	108.195	+6.7%
2	United States	91.958	+8.9%
3	Russia	63.565	+3.3%
4	Saudi Arabia	29.635	+2.6%
5	Canada	21.229	+4.9%
6	Iran	18.438	-0.5%
7	Australia	17.161	+3%
8	India	16.51	+5.2%
9	Indonesia	15.879	+13.7%
10	Iraq	10.314	+3.6%
11	Qatar	9.737	-0.4%
12	Brazil	9.674	+1.1%
13	United Arab Emirates	9.509	-1.1%
14	Norway	8.852	-3.8%
15	Kazakhstan	7.858	+2.6%
16	Kuwait	7.154	+1.6%
17	Algeria	6.751	-1.1%
18	Mexico	6.037	-5.8%
19	Nigeria	5.966	-0.3%
20	South Africa	5.775	-1.3%
21	United Kingdom	5.086	+3%
22	Colombia	4.793	-2.3%
23	France	4.676	+5.2%
24	Venezuela	4.51	-22.7%
25	Malaysia	4.221	+3.1%
26	Egypt	3.824	+11%
27	Germany	3.816	-3.3%
28	Angola	3.727	-3.1%
29	Turkmenistan	3.563	+4.1%
30	Oman	3.393	+5.7%
31	Argentina	3.133	+2.6%
32	Libya	2.82	+8.7%
33	Thailand	2.61	-1.8%
34	Azerbaijan	2.367	+1.6%
35	Poland	2.349	-4%
36	Ukraine	2.327	+2.8%
37	Vietnam	2.312	+2%
38	Uzbekistan	2.179	+5.9%
39	Pakistan	1.679	+1.3%
40	Japan	1.502	+15.7%
41	Trinidad and Tobago	1.474	+4.3%
42	Netherlands	1.47	-12.1%
43	South Korea	1.438	-7.7%
44	Ecuador	1.229	-2.6%
45	Türkiye	1.219	+12.6%
46	Mongolia	1.127	+8.1%
47	Sweden	1.07	+1.8%
48	Bangladesh	1.055	-2.1%
49	Spain	1.037	+2.2%
50	Bahrain	1.035	+0.2%
51	Czechia	1.01	-2%
52	Italy	0.942	+6.5%
53	Peru	0.929	+0.6%
54	Romania	0.909	-2.6%
55	Bolivia	0.774	-8.9%
56	Republic of the Congo	0.765	+35.4%
57	Myanmar	0.72	-5.7%
58	Brunei	0.699	-1%
59	Mozambique	0.69	+2.9%
60	North Korea	0.668	-15.3%
61	Equatorial Guinea	0.64	-9.1%
62	Philippines	0.546	+8.3%
63	Denmark	0.52	-12.3%
64	Papua New Guinea	0.449	-13.9%
65	Gabon	0.445	-0.8%
66	Ghana	0.434	+14.3%
67	Bulgaria	0.429	-0.5%
68	Finland	0.422	+2.3%
69	New Zealand	0.398	-4%
70	Belgium	0.398	-25.2%
71	Switzerland	0.396	+15.4%
72	Serbia	0.385	-3.7%
73	Israel	0.383	+3.2%
74	Hungary	0.359	+1.1%
75	Taiwan	0.35	+18.2%
76	Laos	0.305	+16.3%
77	Chad	0.3	+2.8%
78	Austria	0.278	-5%
79	Chile	0.263	+3.9%
80	Timor-Leste	0.262	+2.3%
81	Greece	0.251	-0.3%
82	Cameroon	0.226	+10.3%
83	Slovakia	0.219	-5.1%
84	Paraguay	0.213	-0.1%
85	Syria	0.206	+7.1%
86	Côte d’Ivoire	0.166	-3.4%
87	Ireland	0.165	+1.3%
88	Sudan	0.159	-28.7%
89	Cuba	0.14	-4.4%
90	Portugal	0.133	+20.7%
91	Tunisia	0.129	-4.4%
92	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.127	+7.5%
93	Slovenia	0.113	-3.1%
94	Croatia	0.109	+16.3%
95	Tajikistan	0.107	+7.6%
96	Yemen	0.103	+31.5%
97	Zimbabwe	0.103	+16.2%
98	Kyrgyzstan	0.095	+11.3%
99	Democratic Republic of the Congo	0.089	+22.6%
100	Belarus	0.079	+4.9%
101	Zambia	0.076	+21.2%
102	Tanzania	0.075	+21.7%
103	Albania	0.068	+20.6%
104	Guatemala	0.068	+10.3%
105	Iceland	0.067	+3.3%
106	Afghanistan	0.066	+29.3%
107	Uruguay	0.065	0%
108	Singapore	0.054	-6.6%
109	Ethiopia	0.049	+8.4%
110	Botswana	0.048	-2.4%
111	Suriname	0.041	+0.7%
112	Costa Rica	0.04	+0.3%
113	Niger	0.039	-2.7%
114	Georgia	0.037	+0.7%
115	North Macedonia	0.037	+4.8%
116	Kenya	0.034	+0.7%
117	Armenia	0.03	-16.1%
118	Panama	0.03	+9.7%
119	Morocco	0.027	+31.4%
120	Bhutan	0.027	-7.6%
121	Honduras	0.025	+8.3%
122	Sri Lanka	0.024	+47.8%
123	Montenegro	0.022	+28.7%
124	Latvia	0.021	+18.8%
125	Lithuania	0.019	+5.7%
126	El Salvador	0.019	+1.1%
127	Cambodia	0.018	+80.3%
128	Nepal	0.017	+6%
129	Uganda	0.015	+9.8%
130	Estonia	0.015	+12.2%
131	Nicaragua	0.013	+6.6%
132	Jordan	0.011	+28.2%
133	Dominican Republic	0.01	-15.5%
134	Malawi	0.007	-20.7%
135	Eswatini	0.006	-12.7%
136	Mali	0.005	-7.3%
137	Mauritius	0.005	-1.7%
138	Senegal	0.005	+15.7%
139	Namibia	0.005	-18.2%
140	Luxembourg	0.004	+13.8%
141	Guinea	0.004	-1.7%
142	Belize	0.004	-4.9%
143	Madagascar	0.004	+21.8%
144	Barbados	0.003	+62.4%
145	Rwanda	0.003	+39.9%
146	Fiji	0.003	+52.1%
147	Jamaica	0.002	+5.8%
148	Cyprus	0.002	+6.3%
149	Lebanon	0.002	+10.4%
150	Lesotho	0.002	-4.2%
151	Puerto Rico	0.002	+25.6%
152	Macao	0.002	-13.9%
153	Mauritania	0.002	+30.4%
154	Hong Kong	0.001	-4.9%
155	Greenland	0.001	+8.7%
156	New Caledonia	0.001	-5.6%
157	Moldova	0.001	+7.4%
158	Burkina Faso	0.001	+116.6%
159	Burundi	0.001	+22.5%
160	Malta	0.001	+11.1%
161	Togo	0.001	-2.3%
162	French Polynesia	0.001	-4.8%
163	Haiti	0.001	+55.4%
164	Sierra Leone	0.001	+26.6%
165	Faroe Islands	0.001	+0.5%
166	Aruba	0.001	+7.9%
167	Central African Republic	0.001	-0.3%
168	Liberia	0	+4,388.9%
169	Cape Verde	0	+18.7%
170	Guam	0	+23.8%
171	Samoa	0	+16.5%
172	Guyana	0	-22.4%
173	Palestine	0	+30.4%
174	Eritrea	0	+525%
175	Maldives	0	+50%
176	Dominica	0	-11.3%
177	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0	+20.2%
178	Vanuatu	0	+99.2%
179	Bermuda	0	-1.2%
180	Somalia	0	0%
181	Cook Islands	0	+128.6%
182	Cayman Islands	0	+66.7%
183	Solomon Islands	0	+4.1%
184	U.S. Virgin Islands	0	+94.4%
185	Seychelles	0	+20%
186	Antigua and Barbuda	0	+63.9%
187	Saint Kitts and Nevis	0	+80%
188	Tonga	0	+16.7%
189	Saint Lucia	0	+361.5%
190	Benin	0	-15%
191	American Samoa	0	0%
191	Bahamas	0	+138.1%
191	Falkland Islands	0	0%
191	Gambia	0	+61.3%
191	São Tomé and Príncipe	0	0%
196	Kiribati	0	0%
197	British Virgin Islands	0	+73.9%
198	Grenada	0	+6.1%
199	Guinea-Bissau	0	+200%
200	Djibouti	0	+100%
200	Nauru	0	0%
200	Turks and Caicos Islands	0	n/a
203	Comoros	0	0%
204	Antarctica	0	n/a
204	French Guiana	0	n/a
204	Gibraltar	0	n/a
204	Guadeloupe	0	n/a
204	Martinique	0	n/a
204	Micronesia	0	n/a
204	Montserrat	0	n/a
204	Niue	0	n/a
204	Northern Mariana Islands	0	n/a
204	Réunion	0	n/a
204	Saint Helena	0	n/a
204	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	0	n/a
204	Tuvalu	0	n/a
204	Western Sahara	0	n/a

Other periods

About this ranking

Total primary energy produced in the country in the year (coal, natural gas, crude oil and other liquids, nuclear, and renewable and other sources), in quadrillion British thermal units, as estimated by the U.S. Energy Information Administration in its International Energy Statistics.

Countries only. Production above consumption marks a net energy exporter, such as Saudi Arabia or Canada. Countries without domestic energy sources show 0.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration. International Energy Statistics: total energy production, quadrillion Btu (series INTL.44-1-QBTU.A). Retrieved through Data Commons (datacommons.org). https://www.eia.gov/international/data/world. Retrieved 2026-10-11.

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Questions

Which country has the highest primary energy production?

China, with 108.195 quadrillion Btu in 2018, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

Which country has the lowest primary energy production?

Western Sahara, with 0 quadrillion Btu in 2018.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics: total energy production, quadrillion Btu (series INTL.44-1-QBTU.A). Retrieved 2026-10-11.

Primary energy production: other rankings

EU countries