US states by population aged 18 to 64

District of Columbia had the highest population aged 18 to 64 of 51 states in 2023, at 68.7%. South Dakota had the lowest, at 57.2%. The median was 59.5% and the figure for the United States was 60.3%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest68.7District of Columbia

Lowest57.2South Dakota

Median59.551 states

United States60.3History

All states, 2023

%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2023 (%)	Change on 2022
1	District of Columbia	68.7	-0.1 pts
2	Colorado	62.9	-0 pts
3	Massachusetts	62.1	-0.3 pts
4	California	61.9	-0.1 pts
5	Rhode Island	61.8	-0.3 pts
6	New York	61.7	-0.2 pts
7	Washington	61.4	-0.1 pts
8	Georgia	61.4	-0.2 pts
9	Alaska	61.4	-0.3 pts
10	Texas	61.2	-0 pts
11	New Jersey	61.1	-0.2 pts
12	Virginia	61	-0.3 pts
13	Nevada	61	-0 pts
14	Illinois	60.9	-0.2 pts
15	Maryland	60.9	-0.4 pts
16	Connecticut	60.7	-0.3 pts
17	New Hampshire	60.6	-0.5 pts
18	Utah	60.3	+0.3 pts
19	North Carolina	60.3	-0.2 pts
20	Tennessee	60.2	-0.2 pts
21	Oregon	60.1	-0.2 pts
22	Vermont	59.7	-0.4 pts
23	Michigan	59.6	-0.3 pts
24	North Dakota	59.6	-0.3 pts
25	Alabama	59.5	-0.3 pts
26	Pennsylvania	59.5	-0.4 pts
27	Kentucky	59.4	-0.2 pts
28	Indiana	59.3	-0.3 pts
29	Minnesota	59.3	-0.3 pts
30	Wisconsin	59.3	-0.3 pts
31	Missouri	59.1	-0.3 pts
32	Ohio	59	-0.3 pts
33	Louisiana	59	-0.4 pts
34	Oklahoma	58.9	-0.2 pts
35	Maine	58.7	-0.3 pts
36	Arkansas	58.7	-0.1 pts
37	Mississippi	58.7	-0.3 pts
38	South Carolina	58.6	-0.2 pts
39	Florida	58.6	-0.1 pts
40	Arizona	58.5	-0 pts
41	Kansas	58.4	-0.2 pts
42	New Mexico	58.4	-0.1 pts
43	West Virginia	58.4	-0.3 pts
44	Hawaii	58.3	-0.4 pts
45	Nebraska	58.2	-0.2 pts
46	Delaware	58.1	-0.5 pts
47	Iowa	58.1	-0.2 pts
48	Idaho	58	-0 pts
49	Wyoming	58	-0.2 pts
50	Montana	57.9	-0.3 pts
51	South Dakota	57.2	-0.2 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of total population on 1 July. United States: Census Bureau county population estimates by age; states and the nation are sums of their counties.

Not comparable with working-age shares for ages 15 to 64 used in EU and World Bank statistics.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties (US states by population aged 18 to 64, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html

MLA 9

Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties, US states by population aged 18 to 64, 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 25 June 2026, https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/population-18-64/us-states?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties. US states by population aged 18 to 64, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/population-18-64/us-states?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties, US states by population aged 18 to 64, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/population-18-64/us-states?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_population_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties: US states by population aged 18 to 64, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/population-18-64/us-states?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties: US states by population aged 18 to 64, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/06/25
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/population-18-64/us-states?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/population-18-64/us-states?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest population aged 18 to 64?

District of Columbia, with 68.7% in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest population aged 18 to 64?

South Dakota, with 57.2% in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex: residents aged 18 to 64 as a percentage of the total on 1 July, 2010 to 2019 from the 2010 to 2020 intercensal file and 2020 onwards from the latest vintage; states and the nation summed from counties. Retrieved 2026-10-12.