Data / Rankings / Outstanding household housing loan rate / EU countries

EU countries by outstanding household housing loan rate

Latvia had the highest outstanding household housing loan rate of 20 EU countries in December 2025, at 4.21%. France had the lowest, at 1.94%. The median was 2.89%. Source: the European Central Bank.

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Highest4.21Latvia
Lowest1.94France
Median2.8920 EU countries

Map of EU countries, December 2025

Austria: 2.74 %Belgium: 2.41 %Bulgaria: 3.27 %Cyprus: 3.5 %Germany: 2.25 %Estonia: 3.96 %Spain: 2.78 %Finland: 2.77 %France: 1.94 %Croatia: 3.04 %Ireland: 3.47 %Italy: 2.7 %Lithuania: 3.93 %Luxembourg: 2.64 %Latvia: 4.21 %Malta: 2.48 %Netherlands: 2.76 %Portugal: 3.13 %Slovenia: 3 %Slovakia: 3.05 %
  • Under 2.6
  • 2.6 to 2.8
  • 2.8 to 3
  • 3 to 3.5
  • 3.5 and over
  • No data
%, December 2025. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: ECB, ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, December 2025

Latvia: 4.21 %Latvia4.21Estonia: 3.96 %Estonia3.96Lithuania: 3.93 %Lithuania3.93Cyprus: 3.5 %Cyprus3.5Ireland: 3.47 %Ireland3.47Bulgaria: 3.27 %Bulgaria3.27Portugal: 3.13 %Portugal3.13Slovakia: 3.05 %Slovakia3.05Croatia: 3.04 %Croatia3.04Slovenia: 3 %Slovenia3Spain: 2.78 %Spain2.78Finland: 2.77 %Finland2.77Netherlands: 2.76 %Netherlands2.76Austria: 2.74 %Austria2.74Italy: 2.7 %Italy2.7Luxembourg: 2.64 %Luxembourg2.64Malta: 2.48 %Malta2.48Belgium: 2.41 %Belgium2.41Germany: 2.25 %Germany2.25France: 1.94 %France1.94Latvia: 4.21 %Latvia4.21Estonia: 3.96 %Estonia3.96Lithuania: 3.93 %Lithuania3.93Cyprus: 3.5 %Cyprus3.5Ireland: 3.47 %Ireland3.47Bulgaria: 3.27 %Bulgaria3.27Portugal: 3.13 %Portugal3.13Slovakia: 3.05 %Slovakia3.05Croatia: 3.04 %Croatia3.04Slovenia: 3 %Slovenia3Spain: 2.78 %Spain2.78Finland: 2.77 %Finland2.77Netherlands: 2.76 %Netherlands2.76Austria: 2.74 %Austria2.74Italy: 2.7 %Italy2.7Luxembourg: 2.64 %Luxembourg2.64Malta: 2.48 %Malta2.48Belgium: 2.41 %Belgium2.41Germany: 2.25 %Germany2.25France: 1.94 %France1.94
%. Source: ECB, ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countriesDecember 2025 (%)Change on December 2024
1Latvia4.21-1.1 pts
2Estonia3.96-1.11 pts
3Lithuania3.93-1.03 pts
4Cyprus3.5-0.87 pts
5Ireland3.47-0.09 pts
6Bulgaria3.27-0.91 pts
7Portugal3.13-0.87 pts
8Slovakia3.05+0.25 pts
9Croatia3.04-0.07 pts
10Slovenia3-0.39 pts
11Spain2.78-0.53 pts
12Finland2.77-0.79 pts
13Netherlands2.76+0.1 pts
14Austria2.74-0.34 pts
15Italy2.7-0.21 pts
16Luxembourg2.64-0.18 pts
17Malta2.48-0.12 pts
18Belgium2.41+0.14 pts
19Germany2.25+0.17 pts
20France1.94+0.12 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Annualised interest rate reported monthly on the outstanding stock of euro loans to households for house purchase.

This rate covers existing loan balances, rather than new agreements. Outstanding-amount statistics describe the loan stock and differ from new-business statistics. Annualised agreed rates or narrowly defined effective rates (AAR/NDER) cover interest and exclude fees and other charges. Household figures include non-profit institutions serving households. Corporations are non-financial companies. The euro area aggregate has changing membership. Country histories vary and missing values are not filled.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. 1 EU countries with data in other periods have no value for December 2025 and are left out rather than filled from another source. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

European Central Bank. ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O). https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/MIR/M.AT+BE+BG+CY+DE+EE+ES+FI+FR+GR+HR+IE+IT+LT+LU+LV+MT+NL+PT+SI+SK+U2.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O?format=csvdata&startPeriod=2003-01. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

European Central Bank. (n.d.). ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O) (EU countries by outstanding household housing loan rate, 2025-12) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/MIR/M.AT+BE+BG+CY+DE+EE+ES+FI+FR+GR+HR+IE+IT+LT+LU+LV+MT+NL+PT+SI+SK+U2.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O?format=csvdata&startPeriod=2003-01

MLA 9

ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O), EU countries by outstanding household housing loan rate, 2025-12. European Central Bank, https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/MIR/M.AT+BE+BG+CY+DE+EE+ES+FI+FR+GR+HR+IE+IT+LT+LU+LV+MT+NL+PT+SI+SK+U2.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O?format=csvdata&startPeriod=2003-01. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/outstanding-housing-loan-rate/eu-countries?period=2025-12. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

European Central Bank. n.d. ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O). EU countries by outstanding household housing loan rate, 2025-12. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/MIR/M.AT+BE+BG+CY+DE+EE+ES+FI+FR+GR+HR+IE+IT+LT+LU+LV+MT+NL+PT+SI+SK+U2.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O?format=csvdata&startPeriod=2003-01. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/outstanding-housing-loan-rate/eu-countries?period=2025-12.

Harvard

European Central Bank (no date) ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O), EU countries by outstanding household housing loan rate, 2025-12 [Dataset]. Available at: https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/MIR/M.AT+BE+BG+CY+DE+EE+ES+FI+FR+GR+HR+IE+IT+LT+LU+LV+MT+NL+PT+SI+SK+U2.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O?format=csvdata&startPeriod=2003-01, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/outstanding-housing-loan-rate/eu-countries?period=2025-12 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{european_eu_countries_by_outstanding_2026,
  author = {{European Central Bank}},
  title = {{ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O): EU countries by outstanding household housing loan rate, 2025-12}},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/MIR/M.AT+BE+BG+CY+DE+EE+ES+FI+FR+GR+HR+IE+IT+LT+LU+LV+MT+NL+PT+SI+SK+U2.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O?format=csvdata&startPeriod=2003-01},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/outstanding-housing-loan-rate/eu-countries?period=2025-12. Publisher attribution: European Central Bank. ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O). https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/MIR/M.AT+BE+BG+CY+DE+EE+ES+FI+FR+GR+HR+IE+IT+LT+LU+LV+MT+NL+PT+SI+SK+U2.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O?format=csvdata\&startPeriod=2003-01. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - European Central Bank
TI  - ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O): EU countries by outstanding household housing loan rate, 2025-12
PB  - European Central Bank
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/MIR/M.AT+BE+BG+CY+DE+EE+ES+FI+FR+GR+HR+IE+IT+LT+LU+LV+MT+NL+PT+SI+SK+U2.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O?format=csvdata&startPeriod=2003-01
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/outstanding-housing-loan-rate/eu-countries?period=2025-12
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/outstanding-housing-loan-rate/eu-countries?period=2025-12.
N1  - Publisher attribution: European Central Bank. ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O). https://data-api.ecb.europa.eu/service/data/MIR/M.AT+BE+BG+CY+DE+EE+ES+FI+FR+GR+HR+IE+IT+LT+LU+LV+MT+NL+PT+SI+SK+U2.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O?format=csvdata&startPeriod=2003-01. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest outstanding household housing loan rate?

Latvia, with 4.21% in December 2025, according to the European Central Bank.

Which EU country has the lowest outstanding household housing loan rate?

France, with 1.94% in December 2025.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: European Central Bank, ECB MIR: Outstanding household housing loan rate (M.<area>.B.A22.A.R.A.2250.EUR.O). Retrieved 2026-10-12. 1 EU countries have no value for December 2025 and are not ranked.

EU countries: more rankings