Data / Rankings / Nonemployer businesses: utilities / US states

US states by nonemployer businesses: utilities

Texas had the highest nonemployer businesses: utilities of 51 states in 2019, at 1,890. Alaska had the lowest, at 36. The median was 171 and the figure for the United States was 14,279. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest1,890Texas
Lowest36Alaska
Median17151 states
United States14,279History

Map of states, 2019

Alabama: 162 countAlaska: 36 countArizona: 290 countArkansas: 140 countCalifornia: 1,255 countColorado: 308 countConnecticut: 152 countDelaware: 47 countDistrict of Columbia: 39 countFlorida: 1,010 countGeorgia: 482 countHawaii: 202 countIdaho: 123 countIllinois: 322 countIndiana: 207 countIowa: 177 countKansas: 109 countKentucky: 149 countLouisiana: 194 countMaine: 52 countMaryland: 336 countMassachusetts: 536 countMichigan: 239 countMinnesota: 220 countMississippi: 219 countMissouri: 184 countMontana: 88 countNebraska: 45 countNevada: 108 countNew Hampshire: 79 countNew Jersey: 423 countNew Mexico: 123 countNew York: 874 countNorth Carolina: 411 countNorth Dakota: 38 countOhio: 361 countOklahoma: 148 countOregon: 148 countPennsylvania: 558 countRhode Island: 171 countSouth Carolina: 170 countSouth Dakota: 58 countTennessee: 206 countTexas: 1,890 countUtah: 159 countVermont: 155 countVirginia: 268 countWashington: 330 countWest Virginia: 80 countWisconsin: 138 countWyoming: 60 count
  • Under 80
  • 80 to 150
  • 150 to 170
  • 170 to 230
  • 230 to 390
  • 390 and over
count, 2019. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2019

Texas: 1,890 countTexas1,890California: 1,255 countCalifornia1,255Florida: 1,010 countFlorida1,010New York: 874 countNew York874Pennsylvania: 558 countPennsylvania558Massachusetts: 536 countMassachusetts536Georgia: 482 countGeorgia482New Jersey: 423 countNew Jersey423North Carolina: 411 countNorth Carolina411Ohio: 361 countOhio361Maryland: 336 countMaryland336Washington: 330 countWashington330Illinois: 322 countIllinois322Colorado: 308 countColorado308Arizona: 290 countArizona290Virginia: 268 countVirginia268Michigan: 239 countMichigan239Minnesota: 220 countMinnesota220Mississippi: 219 countMississippi219Indiana: 207 countIndiana207Tennessee: 206 countTennessee206Hawaii: 202 countHawaii202Louisiana: 194 countLouisiana194Missouri: 184 countMissouri184Iowa: 177 countIowa177Rhode Island: 171 countRhode Island171South Carolina: 170 countSouth Carolina170Alabama: 162 countAlabama162Utah: 159 countUtah159Vermont: 155 countVermont155Connecticut: 152 countConnecticut152Kentucky: 149 countKentucky149Oklahoma: 148 countOklahoma148Oregon: 148 countOregon148Arkansas: 140 countArkansas140Wisconsin: 138 countWisconsin138Idaho: 123 countIdaho123New Mexico: 123 countNew Mexico123Kansas: 109 countKansas109Nevada: 108 countNevada108Montana: 88 countMontana88West Virginia: 80 countWest Virginia80New Hampshire: 79 countNew Hampshire79Wyoming: 60 countWyoming60South Dakota: 58 countSouth Dakota58Maine: 52 countMaine52Delaware: 47 countDelaware47Nebraska: 45 countNebraska45District of Columbia: 39 countDistrict of Columbia39North Dakota: 38 countNorth Dakota38Alaska: 36 countAlaska36Texas: 1,890 countTexas1,890California: 1,255 countCalifornia1,255Florida: 1,010 countFlorida1,010New York: 874 countNew York874Pennsylvania: 558 countPennsylvania558Massachusetts: 536 countMassachusetts536Georgia: 482 countGeorgia482New Jersey: 423 countNew Jersey423North Carolina: 411 countNorth Carolina411Ohio: 361 countOhio361Maryland: 336 countMaryland336Washington: 330 countWashington330Illinois: 322 countIllinois322Colorado: 308 countColorado308Arizona: 290 countArizona290Virginia: 268 countVirginia268Michigan: 239 countMichigan239Minnesota: 220 countMinnesota220Mississippi: 219 countMississippi219Indiana: 207 countIndiana207Tennessee: 206 countTennessee206Hawaii: 202 countHawaii202Louisiana: 194 countLouisiana194Missouri: 184 countMissouri184Iowa: 177 countIowa177Rhode Island: 171 countRhode Island171South Carolina: 170 countSouth Carolina170Alabama: 162 countAlabama162Utah: 159 countUtah159Vermont: 155 countVermont155Connecticut: 152 countConnecticut152Kentucky: 149 countKentucky149Oklahoma: 148 countOklahoma148Oregon: 148 countOregon148Arkansas: 140 countArkansas140Wisconsin: 138 countWisconsin138Idaho: 123 countIdaho123New Mexico: 123 countNew Mexico123Kansas: 109 countKansas109Nevada: 108 countNevada108Montana: 88 countMontana88West Virginia: 80 countWest Virginia80New Hampshire: 79 countNew Hampshire79Wyoming: 60 countWyoming60South Dakota: 58 countSouth Dakota58Maine: 52 countMaine52Delaware: 47 countDelaware47Nebraska: 45 countNebraska45District of Columbia: 39 countDistrict of Columbia39North Dakota: 38 countNorth Dakota38Alaska: 36 countAlaska36
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2019
count		Change on 2018
1Texas1,890+2.2%
2California1,255+4%
3Florida1,010+2.7%
4New York874+6.3%
5Pennsylvania558-1.2%
6Massachusetts536+14.8%
7Georgia482-4%
8New Jersey423+6.8%
9North Carolina411-5.7%
10Ohio361-7.7%
11Maryland336-5.6%
12Washington330+2.8%
13Illinois322-6.1%
14Colorado3080%
15Arizona290+3.2%
16Virginia268+5.5%
17Michigan239+3.9%
18Minnesota220-7.2%
19Mississippi219-9.1%
20Indiana207+4.5%
21Tennessee206-13.8%
22Hawaii202-1.9%
23Louisiana194-3%
24Missouri1840%
25Iowa177+9.9%
26Rhode Island171+14.8%
27South Carolina170-0.6%
28Alabama162+1.9%
29Utah1590%
30Vermont155+9.9%
31Connecticut152-3.8%
32Kentucky149-8%
33Oklahoma148-2.6%
33Oregon148+2.1%
35Arkansas140+6.1%
36Wisconsin138-6.8%
37Idaho123+7.9%
37New Mexico123+0.8%
39Kansas109-6%
40Nevada108+20%
41Montana88+3.5%
42West Virginia800%
43New Hampshire79+2.6%
44Wyoming60+20%
45South Dakota58+3.6%
46Maine52-5.5%
47Delaware47+9.3%
48Nebraska45+21.6%
49District of Columbia39-13.3%
50North Dakota38-11.6%
51Alaska36+12.5%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in utilities (NAICS 22), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: utilities, 2019) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: utilities, 2019. U.S. Census Bureau, 8 Oct. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-utilities/us-states?period=2019. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: utilities, 2019. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-utilities/us-states?period=2019.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: utilities, 2019 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-utilities/us-states?period=2019 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2019,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: utilities, 2019}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-utilities/us-states?period=2019. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: utilities, 2019
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-utilities/us-states?period=2019
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-utilities/us-states?period=2019.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: utilities?

Texas, with 1,890 in 2019, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: utilities?

Alaska, with 36 in 2019.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), utilities (NAICS 22), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings