US states by nonemployer businesses: mining

Texas had the highest nonemployer businesses: mining of 51 states in 2023, at 27,397. District of Columbia had the lowest, at 6. The median was 283 and the figure for the United States was 70,159. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest27,397Texas

Lowest6District of Columbia

Median28351 states

United States70,159History

Map of states, 2023

Under 100
100 to 300
300 to 900
900 to 1,300
1,300 and over

count, 2023. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2023

count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2023 count	Change on 2022
1	Texas	27,397	-9.8%
2	Oklahoma	9,587	-8%
3	Kansas	4,738	-4.5%
4	Louisiana	3,562	-11.1%
5	California	2,270	-12.4%
6	Colorado	2,202	-26.2%
7	Ohio	1,930	-12.2%
8	Pennsylvania	1,757	-15.7%
9	Illinois	1,344	-7.6%
10	West Virginia	1,196	+8.5%
11	Kentucky	1,086	-8.7%
12	Mississippi	1,069	-5.6%
13	Arkansas	1,033	-8%
14	Arizona	967	-10.6%
15	Michigan	963	-11.9%
16	New Mexico	939	-3.8%
17	Wyoming	913	-4%
18	North Dakota	887	-1.8%
19	Florida	812	-11.7%
20	Montana	569	-3.4%
21	New York	494	-2.8%
22	Utah	444	-9.4%
23	Indiana	405	-5.2%
24	Nevada	333	-4.9%
25	Missouri	304	-10.3%
26	Alabama	283	-5%
27	Tennessee	277	+2.6%
28	Alaska	231	-1.3%
29	Washington	206	-8.4%
30	Georgia	183	-19.7%
31	Virginia	171	-10.9%
32	Idaho	163	+2.5%
33	Minnesota	162	-5.3%
34	North Carolina	149	-12.4%
35	Oregon	141	-8.4%
36	Wisconsin	131	+4%
37	Nebraska	130	0%
38	South Carolina	90	-2.2%
39	Massachusetts	89	-5.3%
40	South Dakota	83	0%
41	New Jersey	76	-8.4%
42	Maryland	73	-23.2%
43	Maine	67	-5.6%
44	Connecticut	60	-7.7%
45	Iowa	58	+16%
46	Vermont	46	-2.1%
47	New Hampshire	36	-12.2%
48	Hawaii	18	-14.3%
49	Delaware	16	-11.1%
50	Rhode Island	13	+18.2%
51	District of Columbia	6	-33.3%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2025). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: mining, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: mining, 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 15 May 2025, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-mining/us-states?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2025. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: mining, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-mining/us-states?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2025) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: mining, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-mining/us-states?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: mining, 2023}},
  year = {2025},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-mining/us-states?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: mining, 2023
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/05/15
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-mining/us-states?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-mining/us-states?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: mining?

Texas, with 27,397 in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: mining?

District of Columbia, with 6 in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction (NAICS 21), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.