Data / Rankings / Employer establishments: construction / US states

US states by employer establishments: construction, 2023

California had the highest employer establishments: construction of 51 states in 2023, at 86,763. District of Columbia had the lowest, at 506. The median was 9,895 and the figure for the United States was 814,557. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest86,763California
Lowest506District of Columbia
Median9,89551 states
United States814,557History

Map of states, 2023

Alabama: 8,982 countAlaska: 2,627 countArizona: 15,551 countArkansas: 6,366 countCalifornia: 86,763 countColorado: 20,473 countConnecticut: 8,152 countDelaware: 2,518 countDistrict of Columbia: 506 countFlorida: 68,008 countGeorgia: 22,475 countHawaii: 2,924 countIdaho: 9,895 countIllinois: 29,457 countIndiana: 14,935 countIowa: 9,067 countKansas: 7,398 countKentucky: 8,201 countLouisiana: 8,900 countMaine: 5,826 countMaryland: 14,528 countMassachusetts: 21,631 countMichigan: 21,298 countMinnesota: 17,568 countMississippi: 4,169 countMissouri: 14,570 countMontana: 6,766 countNebraska: 6,931 countNevada: 5,975 countNew Hampshire: 4,949 countNew Jersey: 22,502 countNew Mexico: 4,638 countNew York: 51,349 countNorth Carolina: 28,390 countNorth Dakota: 2,946 countOhio: 21,399 countOklahoma: 8,966 countOregon: 14,907 countPennsylvania: 28,752 countRhode Island: 3,528 countSouth Carolina: 11,981 countSouth Dakota: 3,802 countTennessee: 12,692 countTexas: 56,287 countUtah: 13,022 countVermont: 2,870 countVirginia: 21,118 countWashington: 27,190 countWest Virginia: 3,149 countWisconsin: 14,679 countWyoming: 2,981 count
  • Under 3,600
  • 3,600 to 6,900
  • 6,900 to 9,900
  • 9,900 to 15K
  • 15K to 22K
  • 22K and over
count, 2023. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2023

California: 86,763 countCalifornia86,763Florida: 68,008 countFlorida68,008Texas: 56,287 countTexas56,287New York: 51,349 countNew York51,349Illinois: 29,457 countIllinois29,457Pennsylvania: 28,752 countPennsylvania28,752North Carolina: 28,390 countNorth Carolina28,390Washington: 27,190 countWashington27,190New Jersey: 22,502 countNew Jersey22,502Georgia: 22,475 countGeorgia22,475Massachusetts: 21,631 countMassachusetts21,631Ohio: 21,399 countOhio21,399Michigan: 21,298 countMichigan21,298Virginia: 21,118 countVirginia21,118Colorado: 20,473 countColorado20,473Minnesota: 17,568 countMinnesota17,568Arizona: 15,551 countArizona15,551Indiana: 14,935 countIndiana14,935Oregon: 14,907 countOregon14,907Wisconsin: 14,679 countWisconsin14,679Missouri: 14,570 countMissouri14,570Maryland: 14,528 countMaryland14,528Utah: 13,022 countUtah13,022Tennessee: 12,692 countTennessee12,692South Carolina: 11,981 countSouth Carolina11,981Idaho: 9,895 countIdaho9,895Iowa: 9,067 countIowa9,067Alabama: 8,982 countAlabama8,982Oklahoma: 8,966 countOklahoma8,966Louisiana: 8,900 countLouisiana8,900Kentucky: 8,201 countKentucky8,201Connecticut: 8,152 countConnecticut8,152Kansas: 7,398 countKansas7,398Nebraska: 6,931 countNebraska6,931Montana: 6,766 countMontana6,766Arkansas: 6,366 countArkansas6,366Nevada: 5,975 countNevada5,975Maine: 5,826 countMaine5,826New Hampshire: 4,949 countNew Hampshire4,949New Mexico: 4,638 countNew Mexico4,638Mississippi: 4,169 countMississippi4,169South Dakota: 3,802 countSouth Dakota3,802Rhode Island: 3,528 countRhode Island3,528West Virginia: 3,149 countWest Virginia3,149Wyoming: 2,981 countWyoming2,981North Dakota: 2,946 countNorth Dakota2,946Hawaii: 2,924 countHawaii2,924Vermont: 2,870 countVermont2,870Alaska: 2,627 countAlaska2,627Delaware: 2,518 countDelaware2,518District of Columbia: 506 countDistrict of Columbia506California: 86,763 countCalifornia86,763Florida: 68,008 countFlorida68,008Texas: 56,287 countTexas56,287New York: 51,349 countNew York51,349Illinois: 29,457 countIllinois29,457Pennsylvania: 28,752 countPennsylvania28,752North Carolina: 28,390 countNorth Carolina28,390Washington: 27,190 countWashington27,190New Jersey: 22,502 countNew Jersey22,502Georgia: 22,475 countGeorgia22,475Massachusetts: 21,631 countMassachusetts21,631Ohio: 21,399 countOhio21,399Michigan: 21,298 countMichigan21,298Virginia: 21,118 countVirginia21,118Colorado: 20,473 countColorado20,473Minnesota: 17,568 countMinnesota17,568Arizona: 15,551 countArizona15,551Indiana: 14,935 countIndiana14,935Oregon: 14,907 countOregon14,907Wisconsin: 14,679 countWisconsin14,679Missouri: 14,570 countMissouri14,570Maryland: 14,528 countMaryland14,528Utah: 13,022 countUtah13,022Tennessee: 12,692 countTennessee12,692South Carolina: 11,981 countSouth Carolina11,981Idaho: 9,895 countIdaho9,895Iowa: 9,067 countIowa9,067Alabama: 8,982 countAlabama8,982Oklahoma: 8,966 countOklahoma8,966Louisiana: 8,900 countLouisiana8,900Kentucky: 8,201 countKentucky8,201Connecticut: 8,152 countConnecticut8,152Kansas: 7,398 countKansas7,398Nebraska: 6,931 countNebraska6,931Montana: 6,766 countMontana6,766Arkansas: 6,366 countArkansas6,366Nevada: 5,975 countNevada5,975Maine: 5,826 countMaine5,826New Hampshire: 4,949 countNew Hampshire4,949New Mexico: 4,638 countNew Mexico4,638Mississippi: 4,169 countMississippi4,169South Dakota: 3,802 countSouth Dakota3,802Rhode Island: 3,528 countRhode Island3,528West Virginia: 3,149 countWest Virginia3,149Wyoming: 2,981 countWyoming2,981North Dakota: 2,946 countNorth Dakota2,946Hawaii: 2,924 countHawaii2,924Vermont: 2,870 countVermont2,870Alaska: 2,627 countAlaska2,627Delaware: 2,518 countDelaware2,518District of Columbia: 506 countDistrict of Columbia506
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2023
count		Change on 2022
1California86,763+1.9%
2Florida68,008+4.2%
3Texas56,287+3.3%
4New York51,349+0.2%
5Illinois29,457-0.5%
6Pennsylvania28,752+0.2%
7North Carolina28,390+3.2%
8Washington27,190+0.6%
9New Jersey22,502-0.1%
10Georgia22,475+3.7%
11Massachusetts21,631+1.4%
12Ohio21,399+0.7%
13Michigan21,298+1.6%
14Virginia21,118+0.7%
15Colorado20,473+0.1%
16Minnesota17,568+0.4%
17Arizona15,551+4.2%
18Indiana14,935+1.9%
19Oregon14,907+0.2%
20Wisconsin14,679+0.9%
21Missouri14,570+1.3%
22Maryland14,528-0.1%
23Utah13,022+1.9%
24Tennessee12,692+4.3%
25South Carolina11,981+3.3%
26Idaho9,895+1.2%
27Iowa9,067+0.5%
28Alabama8,982+3.1%
29Oklahoma8,966+1.2%
30Louisiana8,900+0.7%
31Kentucky8,201+2.8%
32Connecticut8,152+0.6%
33Kansas7,398+0.8%
34Nebraska6,931+2.6%
35Montana6,766+3%
36Arkansas6,366+4.2%
37Nevada5,975+2.4%
38Maine5,826+3%
39New Hampshire4,949+0.8%
40New Mexico4,638+2.2%
41Mississippi4,169+1.5%
42South Dakota3,802+2.8%
43Rhode Island3,528+1.5%
44West Virginia3,149+1.5%
45Wyoming2,981+2.7%
46North Dakota2,946+0.8%
47Hawaii2,924-1%
48Vermont2,870+2.6%
49Alaska2,627+1%
50Delaware2,518+1.3%
51District of Columbia506-2.3%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of establishments with paid employees in construction (NAICS 23), from the U.S. Census Bureau County Business Patterns.

County Business Patterns: establishments (single physical locations, not firms) with paid employees during the pay period including 12 March. Excludes the self-employed and businesses without employees (nonemployer_establishments_*), government employers, crop and animal production, rail transportation, the Postal Service and private households. Establishment counts are not perturbed; the noise Census adds since 2017 applies to employment and payroll, which are not served here. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2025). County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms (US states by employer establishments: construction, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/

MLA 9

County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms, US states by employer establishments: construction, 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 26 June 2025, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/employer-establishments-construction/us-states. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2025. County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. US states by employer establishments: construction, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/employer-establishments-construction/us-states.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2025) County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms, US states by employer establishments: construction, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/employer-establishments-construction/us-states (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_employer_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms: US states by employer establishments: construction, 2023}},
  year = {2025},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/employer-establishments-construction/us-states. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms: US states by employer establishments: construction, 2023
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/06/26
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/employer-establishments-construction/us-states
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/employer-establishments-construction/us-states.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest employer establishments: construction?

California, with 86,763 in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest employer establishments: construction?

District of Columbia, with 506 in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, state and US files: establishments (EST), construction (NAICS 23), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings