Countries by nitrous oxide emissions, 2025
China had the highest nitrous oxide emissions of 217 countries in 2025, at 2,435.74 thousand tonnes of nitrous oxide. Tokelau had the lowest, at 0 thousand tonnes of nitrous oxide. The median was 7.28 thousand tonnes of nitrous oxide. Source: the European Commission, Joint Research Centre.
Top 40 countries, 2025
Full ranking
| Rank | Countries | 2025 | Change on 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China Provisional | 2,435.74 | +0.9% |
| 2 | India Provisional | 1,126.47 | +1.2% |
| 3 | United States Provisional | 833.37 | +0.7% |
| 4 | Brazil Provisional | 651.93 | -2% |
| 5 | Russia Provisional | 355.13 | +1.9% |
| 6 | Indonesia Provisional | 260.4 | +0.7% |
| 7 | Pakistan Provisional | 253.09 | +3.1% |
| 8 | Australia Provisional | 195.23 | +3.2% |
| 9 | Ethiopia Provisional | 165.47 | +2.2% |
| 10 | Mexico Provisional | 165.31 | +2.6% |
| 11 | Canada Provisional | 164.82 | +2.5% |
| 12 | Türkiye Provisional | 144.9 | +1.9% |
| 13 | Argentina Provisional | 139.68 | +1% |
| 14 | Iran Provisional | 123.35 | +1.4% |
| 15 | France Provisional | 119.67 | +0.2% |
| 16 | Nigeria Provisional | 118.59 | +2.5% |
| 17 | Germany Provisional | 115.2 | -0.3% |
| 18 | Vietnam Provisional | 108.62 | +1.1% |
| 19 | United Kingdom Provisional | 100.28 | -0.6% |
| 20 | Bangladesh Provisional | 93.21 | +2.1% |
| 21 | Poland Provisional | 88.87 | +0.5% |
| 22 | Chad Provisional | 87.21 | +4.5% |
| 23 | Tanzania Provisional | 83.25 | +3.3% |
| 24 | South Africa Provisional | 79.88 | +0.3% |
| 25 | Thailand Provisional | 76.79 | -0.9% |
| 26 | Ukraine Provisional | 76.03 | +0.8% |
| 27 | Colombia Provisional | 75.64 | -0.6% |
| 28 | Japan Provisional | 74.45 | -1.4% |
| 29 | Spain Provisional | 72.21 | -0.5% |
| 30 | Egypt Provisional | 70.45 | +0.3% |
| 31 | Philippines Provisional | 66.99 | -2.2% |
| 32 | Kenya Provisional | 65.1 | +1.4% |
| 33 | Myanmar Provisional | 63.8 | +4.1% |
| 34 | South Korea Provisional | 58.56 | -0% |
| 35 | Belarus Provisional | 57.89 | +1.2% |
| 36 | Uzbekistan Provisional | 56.5 | +0.9% |
| 37 | Italy Provisional | 56.23 | -0.9% |
| 38 | Niger Provisional | 44.72 | +4.2% |
| 39 | Uganda Provisional | 44.64 | +0.9% |
| 40 | Kazakhstan Provisional | 43.97 | +3.8% |
| 41 | Mongolia Provisional | 43.33 | -1% |
| 42 | Saudi Arabia Provisional | 43.11 | +1.6% |
| 43 | Mali Provisional | 41.86 | +2.4% |
| 44 | New Zealand Provisional | 38.5 | +0.1% |
| 45 | Venezuela Provisional | 37.58 | -1.1% |
| 46 | Zambia Provisional | 36.3 | +5.4% |
| 47 | Malaysia Provisional | 33.56 | +0.5% |
| 48 | Iraq Provisional | 33.46 | +3.2% |
| 49 | Romania Provisional | 31.29 | +1.2% |
| 50 | Netherlands Provisional | 31.06 | -0.1% |
| 51 | Peru Provisional | 30.6 | +1% |
| 52 | Democratic Republic of the Congo Provisional | 30.33 | +1.9% |
| 53 | Ireland Provisional | 30.16 | -1.6% |
| 54 | Algeria Provisional | 29.75 | +1.2% |
| 55 | Uruguay Provisional | 28.35 | +3.3% |
| 56 | Bolivia Provisional | 28.13 | -15.3% |
| 57 | Angola Provisional | 25.99 | -0.8% |
| 58 | Turkmenistan Provisional | 24.85 | +1.7% |
| 59 | Paraguay Provisional | 24.73 | -0.3% |
| 60 | Morocco Provisional | 24.22 | +0.3% |
| 61 | Chile Provisional | 24.12 | +1.3% |
| 62 | Burkina Faso Provisional | 24.02 | -1.6% |
| 63 | Sweden Provisional | 22.31 | +1.1% |
| 64 | Czechia Provisional | 20.54 | +0.8% |
| 65 | Nepal Provisional | 20.48 | -2.7% |
| 66 | Finland Provisional | 20.24 | -0.3% |
| 67 | Malawi Provisional | 18.79 | +4.5% |
| 68 | Taiwan Provisional | 18.58 | +0.6% |
| 69 | Somalia Provisional | 18.54 | -0.4% |
| 70 | Zimbabwe Provisional | 18.43 | +2.5% |
| 71 | Belgium Provisional | 18.16 | -0.2% |
| 72 | Cameroon Provisional | 17.84 | +0.8% |
| 73 | Guatemala Provisional | 17.59 | -1% |
| 74 | Mozambique Provisional | 17.56 | +6.2% |
| 75 | Yemen Provisional | 17.51 | +1.7% |
| 76 | Denmark Provisional | 17.19 | +1% |
| 77 | Guinea Provisional | 17.15 | +2.7% |
| 78 | Madagascar Provisional | 17.1 | -2.8% |
| 79 | Central African Republic Provisional | 17.01 | +1.8% |
| 80 | Hungary Provisional | 16.71 | -4.2% |
| 81 | Lithuania Provisional | 16.03 | +0.3% |
| 82 | Afghanistan Provisional | 15.89 | -0.1% |
| 83 | Ecuador Provisional | 15.74 | -0.4% |
| 84 | Syria Provisional | 14.85 | -0.9% |
| 85 | Senegal Provisional | 14.55 | +2.1% |
| 86 | Bulgaria Provisional | 14.28 | -0.2% |
| 87 | Ghana Provisional | 14.28 | +3% |
| 88 | Côte d’Ivoire Provisional | 14.24 | +4.3% |
| 89 | Cambodia Provisional | 13.33 | -1.1% |
| 90 | Laos Provisional | 12.75 | +2.5% |
| 91 | Austria Provisional | 12.63 | +0.8% |
| 92 | Greece Provisional | 12.52 | -1.1% |
| 93 | Portugal Provisional | 11.53 | -0.5% |
| 94 | Norway Provisional | 11.23 | -0.5% |
| 95 | Dominican Republic Provisional | 10.91 | +0.6% |
| 96 | Sri Lanka Provisional | 10.29 | +4.8% |
| 97 | Nicaragua Provisional | 10.15 | +0.3% |
| 98 | United Arab Emirates Provisional | 9.94 | +2.5% |
| 99 | Benin Provisional | 9.47 | +4.3% |
| 100 | Azerbaijan Provisional | 9.03 | +1% |
| 101 | Mauritania Provisional | 9.01 | +1.1% |
| 102 | North Korea Provisional | 8.97 | +1.1% |
| 103 | Tajikistan Provisional | 8.96 | +1% |
| 104 | Tunisia Provisional | 8.85 | +0.6% |
| 105 | Cuba Provisional | 8.72 | -2.5% |
| 106 | Switzerland Provisional | 8.7 | +0.7% |
| 107 | Latvia Provisional | 8.12 | +1% |
| 108 | Namibia Provisional | 7.91 | +6.4% |
| 109 | Honduras Provisional | 7.28 | -0.4% |
| 110 | Kyrgyzstan Provisional | 7.18 | -1% |
| 111 | Slovakia Provisional | 6.89 | -0% |
| 112 | Croatia Provisional | 6.51 | -0.5% |
| 113 | Estonia Provisional | 6.5 | +1% |
| 114 | Libya Provisional | 6.43 | +2.9% |
| 115 | Botswana Provisional | 6.15 | +5% |
| 116 | Burundi Provisional | 6.08 | +3.3% |
| 117 | Papua New Guinea Provisional | 6.04 | +0.9% |
| 118 | Costa Rica Provisional | 5.84 | -2% |
| 119 | Rwanda Provisional | 5.82 | -0.7% |
| 120 | Haiti Provisional | 5.43 | +0.3% |
| 121 | Georgia Provisional | 5.32 | -1.6% |
| 122 | Togo Provisional | 5.28 | +3.4% |
| 123 | Jordan Provisional | 5.1 | +1.2% |
| 124 | Eritrea Provisional | 4.95 | +0.6% |
| 125 | Oman Provisional | 4.93 | +3.6% |
| 126 | Kuwait Provisional | 4.47 | +0.8% |
| 127 | Bosnia and Herzegovina Provisional | 4.18 | -3% |
| 128 | Panama Provisional | 4.06 | +0.6% |
| 129 | Moldova Provisional | 3.94 | +2.7% |
| 130 | El Salvador Provisional | 3.87 | 0% |
| 131 | Sierra Leone Provisional | 3.44 | +0.2% |
| 132 | Qatar Provisional | 3.43 | +0.2% |
| 133 | Hong Kong Provisional | 2.97 | 0% |
| 134 | Republic of the Congo Provisional | 2.96 | -7.5% |
| 135 | Lebanon Provisional | 2.92 | -1.4% |
| 136 | Slovenia Provisional | 2.82 | -0.4% |
| 137 | Albania Provisional | 2.75 | -2.9% |
| 138 | Singapore Provisional | 2.5 | +3.1% |
| 139 | Puerto Rico Provisional | 2.14 | +0.9% |
| 140 | Eswatini Provisional | 2.09 | +2% |
| 141 | Lesotho Provisional | 2.08 | +3% |
| 142 | Guinea-Bissau Provisional | 2.05 | +0.4% |
| 143 | Liberia Provisional | 1.8 | -0.3% |
| 144 | Gabon Provisional | 1.77 | -2.5% |
| 145 | Armenia Provisional | 1.73 | -2.4% |
| 146 | Guyana Provisional | 1.58 | -17% |
| 147 | Brunei Provisional | 1.49 | -0.3% |
| 148 | North Macedonia Provisional | 1.37 | -3.1% |
| 149 | Jamaica Provisional | 1.34 | +1% |
| 150 | Cyprus Provisional | 1.15 | +0.1% |
| 151 | Bahrain Provisional | 1.1 | +0.4% |
| 152 | Iceland Provisional | 1.03 | -1.4% |
| 153 | Trinidad and Tobago Provisional | 1.02 | +0.2% |
| 154 | New Caledonia Provisional | 0.95 | -0.3% |
| 155 | Luxembourg Provisional | 0.88 | -1.4% |
| 156 | Gambia Provisional | 0.88 | +0.8% |
| 157 | Timor-Leste Provisional | 0.87 | -0.1% |
| 158 | Djibouti Provisional | 0.84 | +0.7% |
| 159 | Fiji Provisional | 0.79 | 0% |
| 160 | Bhutan Provisional | 0.69 | -0.7% |
| 161 | Mauritius Provisional | 0.64 | +5.9% |
| 162 | Suriname Provisional | 0.56 | -4.1% |
| 163 | Réunion Provisional | 0.49 | +2.5% |
| 164 | Belize Provisional | 0.37 | -11.7% |
| 165 | Guadeloupe Provisional | 0.25 | +0.9% |
| 166 | Cape Verde Provisional | 0.25 | +2.9% |
| 167 | Vanuatu Provisional | 0.25 | 0% |
| 168 | Comoros Provisional | 0.24 | +0.8% |
| 169 | Macao Provisional | 0.23 | +2.6% |
| 170 | Western Sahara Provisional | 0.22 | +2.3% |
| 171 | Maldives Provisional | 0.21 | +3.2% |
| 172 | Equatorial Guinea Provisional | 0.2 | -2.3% |
| 173 | Faroe Islands Provisional | 0.2 | +0.1% |
| 174 | Malta Provisional | 0.19 | -1.3% |
| 175 | Bahamas Provisional | 0.17 | +0.3% |
| 176 | Barbados Provisional | 0.15 | +1.1% |
| 177 | French Polynesia Provisional | 0.15 | +2.4% |
| 178 | Solomon Islands Provisional | 0.15 | +1.4% |
| 179 | Falkland Islands Provisional | 0.15 | +0.7% |
| 180 | Samoa Provisional | 0.14 | +0.6% |
| 181 | Martinique Provisional | 0.13 | +1.1% |
| 182 | French Guiana Provisional | 0.13 | +0.5% |
| 183 | Palau Provisional | 0.12 | +4.8% |
| 184 | Tonga Provisional | 0.1 | +0.9% |
| 185 | Seychelles Provisional | 0.09 | +4.5% |
| 186 | São Tomé and Príncipe Provisional | 0.07 | +0.8% |
| 187 | Saint Lucia Provisional | 0.07 | +0.3% |
| 188 | Micronesia Provisional | 0.06 | +2.4% |
| 189 | Dominica Provisional | 0.04 | +0.6% |
| 190 | Grenada Provisional | 0.04 | +2.4% |
| 191 | Antigua and Barbuda Provisional | 0.04 | -0.9% |
| 192 | Aruba Provisional | 0.04 | +2.2% |
| 193 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Provisional | 0.04 | +0.9% |
| 194 | Cayman Islands Provisional | 0.04 | +2.7% |
| 195 | Greenland Provisional | 0.03 | +0.5% |
| 196 | Kiribati Provisional | 0.03 | +1.7% |
| 197 | Bermuda Provisional | 0.03 | +1.4% |
| 198 | Guam Provisional | 0.02 | +0.7% |
| 199 | Saint Kitts and Nevis Provisional | 0.02 | +2.7% |
| 200 | U.S. Virgin Islands Provisional | 0.02 | 0% |
| 201 | Gibraltar Provisional | 0.02 | +0.1% |
| 202 | Cook Islands Provisional | 0.02 | -0.1% |
| 203 | British Virgin Islands Provisional | 0.02 | +1.6% |
| 204 | Montserrat Provisional | 0.02 | -0.5% |
| 205 | Turks and Caicos Islands Provisional | 0.02 | +2.7% |
| 206 | Mayotte Provisional | 0.02 | +1.6% |
| 207 | Wallis and Futuna Provisional | 0.01 | -0.5% |
| 208 | American Samoa Provisional | 0.01 | +0.1% |
| 209 | Tuvalu Provisional | 0.01 | +0.4% |
| 210 | Northern Mariana Islands Provisional | 0.01 | +0.3% |
| 211 | Marshall Islands Provisional | 0 | +0.3% |
| 212 | Saint Helena Provisional | 0 | -0.5% |
| 213 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon Provisional | 0 | +1.1% |
| 214 | Anguilla Provisional | 0 | +2.5% |
| 215 | Nauru Provisional | 0 | +0.1% |
| 216 | Niue Provisional | 0 | +0.4% |
| 217 | Tokelau Provisional | 0 | +6.2% |
Other periods
About this ranking
Nitrous oxide (N2O) emitted in the year, in thousand tonnes of nitrous oxide, mostly from fertilised agricultural soils and manure, plus industry (nitric and adipic acid), fuel combustion and wastewater, as estimated by EDGAR. EDGAR estimates every country with the same IPCC methods and international activity statistics, so countries can be compared, but the values differ from the inventories countries report themselves. Emissions from land use, land use change and forestry and from large scale biomass burning (savannah and forest fires) are not included. The latest two years are fast track estimates from proxy statistics, replaced in later releases, and are marked provisional.
Tonnes of the gas itself, not CO2 equivalent: EDGAR weights a tonne of nitrous oxide as 265 tonnes of CO2 over 100 years (IPCC AR5). EDGAR counts Andorra with Spain, Monaco with France, San Marino and the Holy See with Italy, and Liechtenstein with Switzerland. It reports Israel and Palestine, Sudan and South Sudan, and Serbia and Montenegro together, so those countries have no value here. Each release revises past years.
Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.
How to cite
EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, European Commission, Joint Research Centre. EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide. https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/. Retrieved 2026-10-12. © European Union, licensed under CC BY 4.0.Citation styles
APA 7
European Commission, Joint Research Centre. (2026). EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide (Countries by nitrous oxide emissions, 2025) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/
MLA 9
EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide, Countries by nitrous oxide emissions, 2025. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 18 Sept. 2026, https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nitrous-oxide-emissions/countries. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.
Chicago (author-date)
European Commission, Joint Research Centre. 2026. EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide. Countries by nitrous oxide emissions, 2025. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nitrous-oxide-emissions/countries.
Harvard
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (2026) EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide, Countries by nitrous oxide emissions, 2025 [Dataset]. Available at: https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nitrous-oxide-emissions/countries (Accessed: 12 October 2026).
BibTeX
@misc{european_countries_by_nitrous_oxide_2025,
author = {{European Commission, Joint Research Centre}},
title = {{EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide: Countries by nitrous oxide emissions, 2025}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Data set},
url = {https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/},
urldate = {2026-10-12},
note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nitrous-oxide-emissions/countries. Publisher attribution: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, European Commission, Joint Research Centre. EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide. https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR\_2026\_GHG/. Retrieved 2026-10-12. © European Union, licensed under CC BY 4.0.},
}
RIS
TY - DATA
AU - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
TI - EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide: Countries by nitrous oxide emissions, 2025
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/18
PB - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
DB - Invokely
UR - https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/
L2 - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nitrous-oxide-emissions/countries
Y2 - 2026/10/12
N1 - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nitrous-oxide-emissions/countries.
N1 - Publisher attribution: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, European Commission, Joint Research Centre. EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide. https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EDGAR/datasets/EDGAR_2026_GHG/. Retrieved 2026-10-12. © European Union, licensed under CC BY 4.0.
ER -
Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Rank Countries by nitrous oxide emissions using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"n2o_emissions","level":"country","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=n2o_emissions&level=country&limit=10Questions
Which country has the highest nitrous oxide emissions?
China, with 2,435.74 thousand tonnes of nitrous oxide in 2025, according to the European Commission, Joint Research Centre.
Which country has the lowest nitrous oxide emissions?
Tokelau, with 0 thousand tonnes of nitrous oxide in 2025.
Where does this ranking come from?
Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, EDGAR N2O emissions by country, thousand tonnes (Gg) of nitrous oxide. Retrieved 2026-10-12.