Data / Rankings / Labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) / Counties in Michigan

Counties in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)

Kent County had the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) of 83 counties in 2021, at 69.3%. Lake County had the lowest, at 38.7%. The median was 56.6% and the figure for Michigan was 61.6%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest69.3Kent County
Lowest38.7Lake County
Median56.683 counties
Michigan61.6History

Map of counties, 2021

Alcona County: 41 %Alger County: 39.5 %Allegan County: 62.2 %Alpena County: 54.4 %Antrim County: 54.9 %Arenac County: 51.3 %Baraga County: 44.7 %Barry County: 61.1 %Bay County: 59.2 %Benzie County: 55.9 %Berrien County: 61.8 %Branch County: 57.4 %Calhoun County: 60 %Cass County: 60.3 %Charlevoix County: 60 %Cheboygan County: 51.1 %Chippewa County: 55.9 %Clare County: 47 %Clinton County: 63.9 %Crawford County: 50.1 %Delta County: 52.3 %Dickinson County: 56.4 %Eaton County: 63.7 %Emmet County: 62.6 %Genesee County: 57.9 %Gladwin County: 45.5 %Gogebic County: 51.9 %Grand Traverse County: 64.4 %Gratiot County: 52.1 %Hillsdale County: 56.1 %Houghton County: 57 %Huron County: 55.3 %Ingham County: 64.4 %Ionia County: 59.8 %Iosco County: 46.6 %Iron County: 47.3 %Isabella County: 60.7 %Jackson County: 57.3 %Kalamazoo County: 66.6 %Kalkaska County: 54.3 %Kent County: 69.3 %Keweenaw County: 46.9 %Lake County: 38.7 %Lapeer County: 59.2 %Leelanau County: 52.7 %Lenawee County: 58 %Livingston County: 65 %Luce County: 42.6 %Mackinac County: 52.5 %Macomb County: 64.1 %Manistee County: 49.5 %Marquette County: 58.6 %Mason County: 55.1 %Mecosta County: 53.8 %Menominee County: 57.1 %Midland County: 59.1 %Missaukee County: 57.5 %Monroe County: 60.3 %Montcalm County: 54.9 %Montmorency County: 42.7 %Muskegon County: 59.3 %Newaygo County: 55.8 %Oakland County: 66.5 %Oceana County: 56.6 %Ogemaw County: 46.9 %Ontonagon County: 41.1 %Osceola County: 52.8 %Oscoda County: 45.4 %Otsego County: 59 %Ottawa County: 68.4 %Presque Isle County: 44.1 %Roscommon County: 41.5 %Saginaw County: 56.8 %St. Clair County: 60.3 %St. Joseph County: 62.4 %Sanilac County: 56.5 %Schoolcraft County: 50.7 %Shiawassee County: 59.9 %Tuscola County: 55.5 %Van Buren County: 60.5 %Washtenaw County: 64.4 %Wayne County: 59.2 %Wexford County: 57.4 %
  • Under 47
  • 47 to 54
  • 54 to 57
  • 57 to 59
  • 59 to 62
  • 62 and over
%, 2021. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

Top 40 counties, 2021

Kent County: 69.3 %Kent County69.3Ottawa County: 68.4 %Ottawa County68.4Kalamazoo County: 66.6 %Kalamazoo County66.6Oakland County: 66.5 %Oakland County66.5Livingston County: 65 %Livingston County65Ingham County: 64.4 %Ingham County64.4Washtenaw County: 64.4 %Washtenaw County64.4Grand Traverse County: 64.4 %Grand Traverse County64.4Macomb County: 64.1 %Macomb County64.1Clinton County: 63.9 %Clinton County63.9Eaton County: 63.7 %Eaton County63.7Emmet County: 62.6 %Emmet County62.6St. Joseph County: 62.4 %St. Joseph County62.4Allegan County: 62.2 %Allegan County62.2Berrien County: 61.8 %Berrien County61.8Barry County: 61.1 %Barry County61.1Isabella County: 60.7 %Isabella County60.7Van Buren County: 60.5 %Van Buren County60.5Cass County: 60.3 %Cass County60.3St. Clair County: 60.3 %St. Clair County60.3Monroe County: 60.3 %Monroe County60.3Calhoun County: 60 %Calhoun County60Charlevoix County: 60 %Charlevoix County60Shiawassee County: 59.9 %Shiawassee County59.9Ionia County: 59.8 %Ionia County59.8Muskegon County: 59.3 %Muskegon County59.3Wayne County: 59.2 %Wayne County59.2Lapeer County: 59.2 %Lapeer County59.2Bay County: 59.2 %Bay County59.2Midland County: 59.1 %Midland County59.1Otsego County: 59 %Otsego County59Marquette County: 58.6 %Marquette County58.6Lenawee County: 58 %Lenawee County58Genesee County: 57.9 %Genesee County57.9Missaukee County: 57.5 %Missaukee County57.5Branch County: 57.4 %Branch County57.4Wexford County: 57.4 %Wexford County57.4Jackson County: 57.3 %Jackson County57.3Menominee County: 57.1 %Menominee County57.1Houghton County: 57 %Houghton County57Kent County: 69.3 %Kent County69.3Ottawa County: 68.4 %Ottawa County68.4Kalamazoo County: 66.6 %Kalamazoo County66.6Oakland County: 66.5 %Oakland County66.5Livingston County: 65 %Livingston County65Ingham County: 64.4 %Ingham County64.4Washtenaw County: 64.4 %Washtenaw County64.4Grand Traverse County: 64.4 %Grand Traverse County64.4Macomb County: 64.1 %Macomb County64.1Clinton County: 63.9 %Clinton County63.9Eaton County: 63.7 %Eaton County63.7Emmet County: 62.6 %Emmet County62.6St. Joseph County: 62.4 %St. Joseph County62.4Allegan County: 62.2 %Allegan County62.2Berrien County: 61.8 %Berrien County61.8Barry County: 61.1 %Barry County61.1Isabella County: 60.7 %Isabella County60.7Van Buren County: 60.5 %Van Buren County60.5Cass County: 60.3 %Cass County60.3St. Clair County: 60.3 %St. Clair County60.3Monroe County: 60.3 %Monroe County60.3Calhoun County: 60 %Calhoun County60Charlevoix County: 60 %Charlevoix County60Shiawassee County: 59.9 %Shiawassee County59.9Ionia County: 59.8 %Ionia County59.8Muskegon County: 59.3 %Muskegon County59.3Wayne County: 59.2 %Wayne County59.2Lapeer County: 59.2 %Lapeer County59.2Bay County: 59.2 %Bay County59.2Midland County: 59.1 %Midland County59.1Otsego County: 59 %Otsego County59Marquette County: 58.6 %Marquette County58.6Lenawee County: 58 %Lenawee County58Genesee County: 57.9 %Genesee County57.9Missaukee County: 57.5 %Missaukee County57.5Branch County: 57.4 %Branch County57.4Wexford County: 57.4 %Wexford County57.4Jackson County: 57.3 %Jackson County57.3Menominee County: 57.1 %Menominee County57.1Houghton County: 57 %Houghton County57
%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankCounties2021 (%)
1Kent County69.3
2Ottawa County68.4
3Kalamazoo County66.6
4Oakland County66.5
5Livingston County65
6Ingham County64.4
6Washtenaw County64.4
8Grand Traverse County64.4
9Macomb County64.1
10Clinton County63.9
11Eaton County63.7
12Emmet County62.6
13St. Joseph County62.4
14Allegan County62.2
15Berrien County61.8
16Barry County61.1
17Isabella County60.7
18Van Buren County60.5
19Cass County60.3
20St. Clair County60.3
21Monroe County60.3
22Calhoun County60
23Charlevoix County60
24Shiawassee County59.9
25Ionia County59.8
26Muskegon County59.3
27Wayne County59.2
28Lapeer County59.2
29Bay County59.2
30Midland County59.1
31Otsego County59
32Marquette County58.6
33Lenawee County58
34Genesee County57.9
35Missaukee County57.5
36Branch County57.4
37Wexford County57.4
38Jackson County57.3
39Menominee County57.1
40Houghton County57
41Saginaw County56.8
42Oceana County56.6
43Sanilac County56.5
44Dickinson County56.4
45Hillsdale County56.1
46Chippewa County55.9
47Benzie County55.9
48Newaygo County55.8
49Tuscola County55.5
50Huron County55.3
51Mason County55.1
52Antrim County54.9
53Montcalm County54.9
54Alpena County54.4
55Kalkaska County54.3
56Mecosta County53.8
57Osceola County52.8
58Leelanau County52.7
59Mackinac County52.5
60Delta County52.3
61Gratiot County52.1
62Gogebic County51.9
63Arenac County51.3
64Cheboygan County51.1
65Schoolcraft County50.7
66Crawford County50.1
67Manistee County49.5
68Iron County47.3
69Clare County47
70Keweenaw County46.9
71Ogemaw County46.9
72Iosco County46.6
73Gladwin County45.5
74Oscoda County45.4
75Baraga County44.7
76Presque Isle County44.1
77Montmorency County42.7
78Luce County42.6
79Roscommon County41.5
80Ontonagon County41.1
81Alcona County41
82Alger County39.5
83Lake County38.7

Other periods

About this ranking

People aged 16 and over in the labor force (employed, unemployed or in the Armed Forces) as a percentage of all people aged 16 and over, including people in group quarters. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

The Census Bureau definition used in its data profiles. It differs from the BLS labor_force_participation_rate, which counts the civilian noninstitutional population only.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the counties are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs (Counties in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2021) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-b23025.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, Counties in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2021. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-b23025.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-counties?period=2021. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs. Counties in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2021. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-b23025.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-counties?period=2021.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs, Counties in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2021 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-b23025.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-counties?period=2021 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_counties_in_michigan_by_2021,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs: Counties in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2021}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-b23025.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-counties?period=2021. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs: Counties in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate), 2021
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-b23025.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-counties?period=2021
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/labor-force-participation-rate-acs/michigan-counties?period=2021.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2021/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2021-b23025.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Rank Counties in Michigan by labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate) using official data, and cite the source.
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Questions

Which county has the highest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Kent County, with 69.3% in 2021, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which county has the lowest labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate)?

Lake County, with 38.7% in 2021.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B23025: population 16 years and over in the labor force as a percentage of the population 16 years and over, calculated with stored inputs. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Labor force participation rate (US five-year survey estimate): other rankings

Counties in Michigan: more rankings