Counties in Virginia by housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US)

Bath County had the highest housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US) of 133 counties in 2023, at 46.6%. Fairfax city had the lowest, at 1.7%. The median was 12.5% and the figure for Virginia was 9%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest46.6Bath County
Lowest1.7Fairfax city
Median12.5133 counties
Virginia9History

Map of counties, 2023

Accomack County: 34.7 %Albemarle County: 6.8 %Alleghany County: 20.5 %Amelia County: 8.4 %Amherst County: 11.2 %Appomattox County: 11.1 %Arlington County: 7.6 %Augusta County: 6.8 %Bath County: 46.6 %Bedford County: 12.5 %Bland County: 26.8 %Botetourt County: 12.7 %Brunswick County: 19.5 %Buchanan County: 28.9 %Buckingham County: 16.2 %Campbell County: 12.9 %Caroline County: 8 %Carroll County: 24.9 %Charles City County: 9.9 %Charlotte County: 22.6 %Chesterfield County: 3.9 %Clarke County: 12.8 %Craig County: 26.9 %Culpeper County: 4.8 %Cumberland County: 11.1 %Dickenson County: 22.2 %Dinwiddie County: 12.4 %Essex County: 24 %Fairfax County: 3.7 %Fauquier County: 7.7 %Floyd County: 16.3 %Fluvanna County: 9.5 %Franklin County: 20.7 %Frederick County: 6.2 %Giles County: 18.6 %Gloucester County: 12.2 %Goochland County: 8.3 %Grayson County: 30.8 %Greene County: 8.9 %Greensville County: 22.9 %Halifax County: 21.3 %Hanover County: 4.5 %Henrico County: 5.2 %Henry County: 19.4 %Highland County: 45.5 %Isle of Wight County: 8.3 %James City County: 8.9 %King and Queen County: 19.3 %King George County: 6.3 %King William County: 6.4 %Lancaster County: 26.9 %Lee County: 22.2 %Loudoun County: 2.8 %Louisa County: 15.7 %Lunenburg County: 20.9 %Madison County: 11.8 %Mathews County: 31.3 %Mecklenburg County: 30.2 %Middlesex County: 33.7 %Montgomery County: 13 %Nelson County: 35 %New Kent County: 4.9 %Northampton County: 28.4 %Northumberland County: 39.7 %Nottoway County: 17.8 %Orange County: 7.7 %Page County: 19.9 %Patrick County: 22.1 %Pittsylvania County: 16.4 %Powhatan County: 5.8 %Prince Edward County: 17.6 %Prince George County: 5.4 %Prince William County: 3.5 %Pulaski County: 15.6 %Rappahannock County: 25.7 %Richmond County: 26 %Roanoke County: 7.2 %Rockbridge County: 15.6 %Rockingham County: 11.2 %Russell County: 18 %Scott County: 24 %Shenandoah County: 16.6 %Smyth County: 16.9 %Southampton County: 11.4 %Spotsylvania County: 5.1 %Stafford County: 4.7 %Surry County: 19.9 %Sussex County: 20.7 %Tazewell County: 19.5 %Warren County: 9.3 %Washington County: 13.3 %Westmoreland County: 29 %Wise County: 15.6 %Wythe County: 11.6 %York County: 6.3 %Alexandria city: 6.5 %Bristol city: 15.3 %Buena Vista city: 11.3 %Charlottesville city: 8.6 %Chesapeake city: 3.8 %Colonial Heights city: 7.2 %Covington city: 17.9 %Danville city: 16.5 %Emporia city: 21.4 %Fairfax city: 1.7 %Falls Church city: 4.8 %Franklin city: 13.1 %Fredericksburg city: 7 %Galax city: 15.1 %Hampton city: 7.6 %Harrisonburg city: 7.1 %Hopewell city: 9.7 %Lexington city: 22.1 %Lynchburg city: 15.7 %Manassas city: 2.7 %Manassas Park city: 6.5 %Martinsville city: 20.1 %Newport News city: 7.4 %Norfolk city: 7.9 %Norton city: 11.2 %Petersburg city: 17.6 %Poquoson city: 5.8 %Portsmouth city: 8.2 %Radford city: 14.8 %Richmond city: 9.5 %Roanoke city: 11.2 %Salem city: 8.6 %Staunton city: 8.1 %Suffolk city: 6.4 %Virginia Beach city: 5.7 %Waynesboro city: 7.5 %Williamsburg city: 13.8 %Winchester city: 9.7 %
  • Under 6.4
  • 6.4 to 8.6
  • 8.6 to 13
  • 13 to 18
  • 18 to 22
  • 22 and over
%, 2023. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

Top 40 counties, 2023

Bath County: 46.6 %Bath County46.6Highland County: 45.5 %Highland County45.5Northumberland County: 39.7 %Northumberland County39.7Nelson County: 35 %Nelson County35Accomack County: 34.7 %Accomack County34.7Middlesex County: 33.7 %Middlesex County33.7Mathews County: 31.3 %Mathews County31.3Grayson County: 30.8 %Grayson County30.8Mecklenburg County: 30.2 %Mecklenburg County30.2Westmoreland County: 29 %Westmoreland County29Buchanan County: 28.9 %Buchanan County28.9Northampton County: 28.4 %Northampton County28.4Lancaster County: 26.9 %Lancaster County26.9Craig County: 26.9 %Craig County26.9Bland County: 26.8 %Bland County26.8Richmond County: 26 %Richmond County26Rappahannock County: 25.7 %Rappahannock County25.7Carroll County: 24.9 %Carroll County24.9Essex County: 24 %Essex County24Scott County: 24 %Scott County24Greensville County: 22.9 %Greensville County22.9Charlotte County: 22.6 %Charlotte County22.6Dickenson County: 22.2 %Dickenson County22.2Lee County: 22.2 %Lee County22.2Patrick County: 22.1 %Patrick County22.1Lexington city: 22.1 %Lexington city22.1Emporia city: 21.4 %Emporia city21.4Halifax County: 21.3 %Halifax County21.3Lunenburg County: 20.9 %Lunenburg County20.9Sussex County: 20.7 %Sussex County20.7Franklin County: 20.7 %Franklin County20.7Alleghany County: 20.5 %Alleghany County20.5Martinsville city: 20.1 %Martinsville city20.1Page County: 19.9 %Page County19.9Surry County: 19.9 %Surry County19.9Brunswick County: 19.5 %Brunswick County19.5Tazewell County: 19.5 %Tazewell County19.5Henry County: 19.4 %Henry County19.4King and Queen County: 19.3 %King and Queen County19.3Giles County: 18.6 %Giles County18.6Bath County: 46.6 %Bath County46.6Highland County: 45.5 %Highland County45.5Northumberland County: 39.7 %Northumberland County39.7Nelson County: 35 %Nelson County35Accomack County: 34.7 %Accomack County34.7Middlesex County: 33.7 %Middlesex County33.7Mathews County: 31.3 %Mathews County31.3Grayson County: 30.8 %Grayson County30.8Mecklenburg County: 30.2 %Mecklenburg County30.2Westmoreland County: 29 %Westmoreland County29Buchanan County: 28.9 %Buchanan County28.9Northampton County: 28.4 %Northampton County28.4Lancaster County: 26.9 %Lancaster County26.9Craig County: 26.9 %Craig County26.9Bland County: 26.8 %Bland County26.8Richmond County: 26 %Richmond County26Rappahannock County: 25.7 %Rappahannock County25.7Carroll County: 24.9 %Carroll County24.9Essex County: 24 %Essex County24Scott County: 24 %Scott County24Greensville County: 22.9 %Greensville County22.9Charlotte County: 22.6 %Charlotte County22.6Dickenson County: 22.2 %Dickenson County22.2Lee County: 22.2 %Lee County22.2Patrick County: 22.1 %Patrick County22.1Lexington city: 22.1 %Lexington city22.1Emporia city: 21.4 %Emporia city21.4Halifax County: 21.3 %Halifax County21.3Lunenburg County: 20.9 %Lunenburg County20.9Sussex County: 20.7 %Sussex County20.7Franklin County: 20.7 %Franklin County20.7Alleghany County: 20.5 %Alleghany County20.5Martinsville city: 20.1 %Martinsville city20.1Page County: 19.9 %Page County19.9Surry County: 19.9 %Surry County19.9Brunswick County: 19.5 %Brunswick County19.5Tazewell County: 19.5 %Tazewell County19.5Henry County: 19.4 %Henry County19.4King and Queen County: 19.3 %King and Queen County19.3Giles County: 18.6 %Giles County18.6
%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankCounties2023 (%)Change on 2022
1Bath County46.6+3.5 pts
2Highland County45.5+1.4 pts
3Northumberland County39.7-2.8 pts
4Nelson County35-3.2 pts
5Accomack County34.7+0.2 pts
6Middlesex County33.7-0.1 pts
7Mathews County31.3-0.4 pts
8Grayson County30.8-0.5 pts
9Mecklenburg County30.2-1.4 pts
10Westmoreland County29-1 pts
11Buchanan County28.9+0.9 pts
12Northampton County28.4+0.5 pts
13Lancaster County26.9-2.8 pts
14Craig County26.9+0.3 pts
15Bland County26.8-3.3 pts
16Richmond County26-2.2 pts
17Rappahannock County25.7-1 pts
18Carroll County24.9-2.1 pts
19Essex County24-2.2 pts
20Scott County24-1.1 pts
21Greensville County22.9+3.2 pts
22Charlotte County22.6-1.5 pts
23Dickenson County22.2-2.5 pts
24Lee County22.2-1.5 pts
25Patrick County22.1-0.2 pts
26Lexington city22.1+0.9 pts
27Emporia city21.4+1.3 pts
28Halifax County21.3-0.9 pts
29Lunenburg County20.9-1.5 pts
30Sussex County20.7-0 pts
31Franklin County20.7-1.5 pts
32Alleghany County20.50 pts
33Martinsville city20.10 pts
34Page County19.9-0.7 pts
35Surry County19.9+0.2 pts
36Brunswick County19.5-2.9 pts
37Tazewell County19.5-1 pts
38Henry County19.4-0.5 pts
39King and Queen County19.3+0.8 pts
40Giles County18.6+1.1 pts
41Russell County18-0.5 pts
42Covington city17.90 pts
43Nottoway County17.8-0.9 pts
44Petersburg city17.6-0.4 pts
45Prince Edward County17.6-1.4 pts
46Smyth County16.9+0.6 pts
47Shenandoah County16.6-0.6 pts
48Danville city16.5+0.6 pts
49Pittsylvania County16.4-0.7 pts
50Floyd County16.3+0.1 pts
51Buckingham County16.2-1.7 pts
52Louisa County15.7-1.6 pts
53Lynchburg city15.7+1.1 pts
54Wise County15.6-0.3 pts
55Rockbridge County15.6-1.4 pts
56Pulaski County15.6+0.4 pts
57Bristol city15.3-0.5 pts
58Galax city15.1-2.3 pts
59Radford city14.8-0.4 pts
60Williamsburg city13.8-1.1 pts
61Washington County13.3-0.4 pts
62Franklin city13.1-0.9 pts
63Montgomery County13-0.4 pts
64Campbell County12.9+1.6 pts
65Clarke County12.8+0.6 pts
66Botetourt County12.7-0.8 pts
67Bedford County12.5-0.3 pts
68Dinwiddie County12.4+0.5 pts
69Gloucester County12.2-0.8 pts
70Madison County11.8-0.4 pts
71Wythe County11.6+0.1 pts
72Southampton County11.4-0.2 pts
73Buena Vista city11.3+1.6 pts
74Roanoke city11.2-0.9 pts
75Rockingham County11.2-0.2 pts
76Amherst County11.2-0.3 pts
77Norton city11.2-3.4 pts
78Cumberland County11.1-1.9 pts
79Appomattox County11.1+0.1 pts
80Charles City County9.9-0.8 pts
81Hopewell city9.7-0.5 pts
82Winchester city9.7+0.5 pts
83Fluvanna County9.5+0.7 pts
84Richmond city9.5+0.2 pts
85Warren County9.30 pts
86Greene County8.9-1.5 pts
87James City County8.9-1.2 pts
88Charlottesville city8.6-0.3 pts
89Salem city8.6-0.9 pts
90Amelia County8.4+0.2 pts
91Isle of Wight County8.3+0.1 pts
92Goochland County8.3+0.4 pts
93Portsmouth city8.2-1.4 pts
94Staunton city8.1-1.9 pts
95Caroline County8-1 pts
96Norfolk city7.9+0.1 pts
97Orange County7.7-1.1 pts
98Fauquier County7.7-0.1 pts
99Arlington County7.6+0.6 pts
100Hampton city7.6-0.2 pts
101Waynesboro city7.5-0.9 pts
102Newport News city7.4-0.2 pts
103Colonial Heights city7.2+0.9 pts
103Roanoke County7.2+0.1 pts
105Harrisonburg city7.1-0.7 pts
106Fredericksburg city7+0.1 pts
107Augusta County6.8-1.2 pts
108Albemarle County6.8-0.5 pts
109Manassas Park city6.5+1.6 pts
110Alexandria city6.5-0.3 pts
111King William County6.4-1.3 pts
112Suffolk city6.4-0.2 pts
113King George County6.30 pts
114York County6.3-1 pts
115Frederick County6.2-0.5 pts
116Powhatan County5.8+1.2 pts
117Poquoson city5.8+0.3 pts
118Virginia Beach city5.7-0.1 pts
119Prince George County5.4+1.4 pts
120Henrico County5.20 pts
121Spotsylvania County5.1-0.8 pts
122New Kent County4.9-0.7 pts
123Culpeper County4.8-0.9 pts
124Falls Church city4.8-1.5 pts
125Stafford County4.7-0.3 pts
126Hanover County4.5-0 pts
127Chesterfield County3.90 pts
128Chesapeake city3.8-0.1 pts
129Fairfax County3.7-0.1 pts
130Prince William County3.5-0.3 pts
131Loudoun County2.8+0.1 pts
132Manassas city2.7-0.9 pts
133Fairfax city1.7-0.4 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units.

More on how it is measured
  • Vacant units include those for rent or for sale, rented or sold but not yet occupied, for seasonal, recreational or occasional use, for migrant workers, and other vacant units.
  • United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

This gross rate counts seasonal and other off-market vacant units, so it is much higher than the rental and homeowner vacancy rates of the Housing Vacancy Survey (rental_vacancy_rate and homeowner_vacancy_rate) and cannot be compared with them. Counties with many holiday homes have high rates.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the counties are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs (Counties in Virginia by housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US), 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25002.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs, Counties in Virginia by housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US), 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25002.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/housing-vacancy-rate-all-vacant-units/virginia-counties?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs. Counties in Virginia by housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US), 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25002.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/housing-vacancy-rate-all-vacant-units/virginia-counties?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs, Counties in Virginia by housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US), 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25002.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/housing-vacancy-rate-all-vacant-units/virginia-counties?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_counties_in_virginia_by_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs: Counties in Virginia by housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US), 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25002.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/housing-vacancy-rate-all-vacant-units/virginia-counties?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs: Counties in Virginia by housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US), 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25002.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/housing-vacancy-rate-all-vacant-units/virginia-counties?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/housing-vacancy-rate-all-vacant-units/virginia-counties?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  - 
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Questions

Which county has the highest housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US)?

Bath County, with 46.6% in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which county has the lowest housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US)?

Fairfax city, with 1.7% in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25002: vacant housing units as a percentage of all housing units, calculated with stored inputs. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Housing vacancy rate, all vacant units (US): other rankings

Counties in Virginia: more rankings