Data / Rankings / Homeowner vacancy rate (US) / US states

US states by homeowner vacancy rate (US)

District of Columbia had the highest homeowner vacancy rate (US) of 51 states in 2021, at 1.5%. Wisconsin had the lowest, at 0.2%. The median was 0.8% and the figure for the United States was 0.9%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest1.5District of Columbia
Lowest0.2Wisconsin
Median0.851 states
United States0.9History

Map of states, 2021

Alabama: 1 %Alaska: 1.2 %Arizona: 0.8 %Arkansas: 1.2 %California: 0.7 %Colorado: 1.2 %Connecticut: 0.6 %Delaware: 0.6 %District of Columbia: 1.5 %Florida: 1.1 %Georgia: 1 %Hawaii: 0.7 %Idaho: 0.7 %Illinois: 1.2 %Indiana: 0.9 %Iowa: 0.9 %Kansas: 0.9 %Kentucky: 0.9 %Louisiana: 1.2 %Maine: 0.6 %Maryland: 0.8 %Massachusetts: 0.7 %Michigan: 0.6 %Minnesota: 0.7 %Mississippi: 1.5 %Missouri: 0.8 %Montana: 0.8 %Nebraska: 0.9 %Nevada: 0.7 %New Hampshire: 0.6 %New Jersey: 0.8 %New Mexico: 0.9 %New York: 1.3 %North Carolina: 0.7 %North Dakota: 1.2 %Ohio: 0.6 %Oklahoma: 1 %Oregon: 0.8 %Pennsylvania: 0.5 %Rhode Island: 0.7 %South Carolina: 0.8 %South Dakota: 0.8 %Tennessee: 0.9 %Texas: 1 %Utah: 0.6 %Vermont: 0.4 %Virginia: 0.8 %Washington: 0.7 %West Virginia: 0.9 %Wisconsin: 0.2 %Wyoming: 1.2 %
  • Under 0.6
  • 0.6 to 0.7
  • 0.7 to 0.8
  • 0.8 to 0.9
  • 0.9 to 1.2
  • 1.2 and over
%, 2021. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2021

District of Columbia: 1.5 %District of Columbia1.5Mississippi: 1.5 %Mississippi1.5New York: 1.3 %New York1.3Alaska: 1.2 %Alaska1.2Arkansas: 1.2 %Arkansas1.2Colorado: 1.2 %Colorado1.2Illinois: 1.2 %Illinois1.2Louisiana: 1.2 %Louisiana1.2North Dakota: 1.2 %North Dakota1.2Wyoming: 1.2 %Wyoming1.2Florida: 1.1 %Florida1.1Alabama: 1 %Alabama1Georgia: 1 %Georgia1Oklahoma: 1 %Oklahoma1Texas: 1 %Texas1Indiana: 0.9 %Indiana0.9Iowa: 0.9 %Iowa0.9Kansas: 0.9 %Kansas0.9Kentucky: 0.9 %Kentucky0.9Nebraska: 0.9 %Nebraska0.9New Mexico: 0.9 %New Mexico0.9Tennessee: 0.9 %Tennessee0.9West Virginia: 0.9 %West Virginia0.9Arizona: 0.8 %Arizona0.8Maryland: 0.8 %Maryland0.8Missouri: 0.8 %Missouri0.8Montana: 0.8 %Montana0.8New Jersey: 0.8 %New Jersey0.8Oregon: 0.8 %Oregon0.8South Carolina: 0.8 %South Carolina0.8South Dakota: 0.8 %South Dakota0.8Virginia: 0.8 %Virginia0.8California: 0.7 %California0.7Hawaii: 0.7 %Hawaii0.7Idaho: 0.7 %Idaho0.7Massachusetts: 0.7 %Massachusetts0.7Minnesota: 0.7 %Minnesota0.7Nevada: 0.7 %Nevada0.7North Carolina: 0.7 %North Carolina0.7Rhode Island: 0.7 %Rhode Island0.7Washington: 0.7 %Washington0.7Connecticut: 0.6 %Connecticut0.6Delaware: 0.6 %Delaware0.6Maine: 0.6 %Maine0.6Michigan: 0.6 %Michigan0.6New Hampshire: 0.6 %New Hampshire0.6Ohio: 0.6 %Ohio0.6Utah: 0.6 %Utah0.6Pennsylvania: 0.5 %Pennsylvania0.5Vermont: 0.4 %Vermont0.4Wisconsin: 0.2 %Wisconsin0.2District of Columbia: 1.5 %District of Columbia1.5Mississippi: 1.5 %Mississippi1.5New York: 1.3 %New York1.3Alaska: 1.2 %Alaska1.2Arkansas: 1.2 %Arkansas1.2Colorado: 1.2 %Colorado1.2Illinois: 1.2 %Illinois1.2Louisiana: 1.2 %Louisiana1.2North Dakota: 1.2 %North Dakota1.2Wyoming: 1.2 %Wyoming1.2Florida: 1.1 %Florida1.1Alabama: 1 %Alabama1Georgia: 1 %Georgia1Oklahoma: 1 %Oklahoma1Texas: 1 %Texas1Indiana: 0.9 %Indiana0.9Iowa: 0.9 %Iowa0.9Kansas: 0.9 %Kansas0.9Kentucky: 0.9 %Kentucky0.9Nebraska: 0.9 %Nebraska0.9New Mexico: 0.9 %New Mexico0.9Tennessee: 0.9 %Tennessee0.9West Virginia: 0.9 %West Virginia0.9Arizona: 0.8 %Arizona0.8Maryland: 0.8 %Maryland0.8Missouri: 0.8 %Missouri0.8Montana: 0.8 %Montana0.8New Jersey: 0.8 %New Jersey0.8Oregon: 0.8 %Oregon0.8South Carolina: 0.8 %South Carolina0.8South Dakota: 0.8 %South Dakota0.8Virginia: 0.8 %Virginia0.8California: 0.7 %California0.7Hawaii: 0.7 %Hawaii0.7Idaho: 0.7 %Idaho0.7Massachusetts: 0.7 %Massachusetts0.7Minnesota: 0.7 %Minnesota0.7Nevada: 0.7 %Nevada0.7North Carolina: 0.7 %North Carolina0.7Rhode Island: 0.7 %Rhode Island0.7Washington: 0.7 %Washington0.7Connecticut: 0.6 %Connecticut0.6Delaware: 0.6 %Delaware0.6Maine: 0.6 %Maine0.6Michigan: 0.6 %Michigan0.6New Hampshire: 0.6 %New Hampshire0.6Ohio: 0.6 %Ohio0.6Utah: 0.6 %Utah0.6Pennsylvania: 0.5 %Pennsylvania0.5Vermont: 0.4 %Vermont0.4Wisconsin: 0.2 %Wisconsin0.2
%. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2021 (%)Change on 2020
1District of Columbia1.5+0.1 pts
1Mississippi1.5+0.2 pts
3New York1.30 pts
4Alaska1.2-0.7 pts
4Arkansas1.2-0.2 pts
4Colorado1.2+0.6 pts
4Illinois1.2-0.1 pts
4Louisiana1.2-0.7 pts
4North Dakota1.2-0.1 pts
4Wyoming1.2-0.1 pts
11Florida1.1-0.4 pts
12Alabama1-0.1 pts
12Georgia10 pts
12Oklahoma1-0.1 pts
12Texas1-0.1 pts
16Indiana0.9+0.1 pts
16Iowa0.9+0.2 pts
16Kansas0.9-0.3 pts
16Kentucky0.9-0.3 pts
16Nebraska0.9+0.2 pts
16New Mexico0.9-0.4 pts
16Tennessee0.90 pts
16West Virginia0.9-0.2 pts
24Arizona0.80 pts
24Maryland0.8-0.1 pts
24Missouri0.8-0.1 pts
24Montana0.8-0.5 pts
24New Jersey0.8-0.3 pts
24Oregon0.8-0.1 pts
24South Carolina0.80 pts
24South Dakota0.8-0.3 pts
24Virginia0.8+0.2 pts
33California0.70 pts
33Hawaii0.7-0.6 pts
33Idaho0.7-0.1 pts
33Massachusetts0.7+0.2 pts
33Minnesota0.7+0.1 pts
33Nevada0.7-0.4 pts
33North Carolina0.7-0.2 pts
33Rhode Island0.7-0.4 pts
33Washington0.7-0.1 pts
42Connecticut0.60 pts
42Delaware0.6-0.3 pts
42Maine0.6-0.6 pts
42Michigan0.6-0.5 pts
42New Hampshire0.6+0.1 pts
42Ohio0.6-0.1 pts
42Utah0.6+0.2 pts
49Pennsylvania0.5-0.5 pts
50Vermont0.4-0.3 pts
51Wisconsin0.2-0.3 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Vacant housing units available for year-round use and offered for sale only as a percentage of the homeowner inventory (owner-occupied units, vacant units for sale only and units sold but not yet occupied). Annual CPS/HVS average for the United States and states. Units offered both for rent and sale are excluded from the numerator.

Annual CPS/HVS survey estimates, distinct from ACS five-year estimates. State figures have sampling uncertainty, so a small change need not be statistically significant. Revised columns published on a new basis replace the original year and are marked as series breaks. Pandemic restrictions changed interviewing in 2020 and 2021, affecting comparability. The 2025 average covers 11 months: October was not collected during the lapse in federal funding, increasing uncertainty.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages. https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/annual25/ann25t_4.xlsx. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages (US states by homeowner vacancy rate (US), 2021) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/annual25/ann25t_4.xlsx

MLA 9

Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages, US states by homeowner vacancy rate (US), 2021. U.S. Census Bureau, 28 Apr. 2026, https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/annual25/ann25t_4.xlsx. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/homeowner-vacancy-rate/us-states?period=2021. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages. US states by homeowner vacancy rate (US), 2021. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/annual25/ann25t_4.xlsx. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/homeowner-vacancy-rate/us-states?period=2021.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages, US states by homeowner vacancy rate (US), 2021 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/annual25/ann25t_4.xlsx, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/homeowner-vacancy-rate/us-states?period=2021 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_homeowner_2021,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages: US states by homeowner vacancy rate (US), 2021}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/annual25/ann25t_4.xlsx},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/homeowner-vacancy-rate/us-states?period=2021. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages. https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/annual25/ann25t\_4.xlsx. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages: US states by homeowner vacancy rate (US), 2021
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/04/28
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/annual25/ann25t_4.xlsx
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/homeowner-vacancy-rate/us-states?period=2021
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/homeowner-vacancy-rate/us-states?period=2021.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages. https://www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/annual25/ann25t_4.xlsx. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest homeowner vacancy rate (US)?

District of Columbia, with 1.5% in 2021, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest homeowner vacancy rate (US)?

Wisconsin, with 0.2% in 2021.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) annual statistics, Table 4, homeowner vacancy rates by state, United States and states, annual averages. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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