Data / Rankings / General government core debt at market value as a share of GDP / EU countries

EU countries by general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP

Greece had the highest general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP of 17 EU countries in Q3 2023, at 168.3% of GDP. Luxembourg had the lowest, at 22.4% of GDP. The median was 67.3% of GDP. Source: the Bank for International Settlements.

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Highest168.3Greece
Lowest22.4Luxembourg
Median67.317 EU countries

Map of EU countries, Q3 2023

Austria: 70.1 % of GDPBelgium: 94.8 % of GDPCzechia: 39.8 % of GDPGermany: 57.3 % of GDPDenmark: 31.1 % of GDPSpain: 100 % of GDPFinland: 67.3 % of GDPFrance: 102.4 % of GDPGreece: 168.3 % of GDPHungary: 70.1 % of GDPIreland: 37.6 % of GDPItaly: 127.7 % of GDPLuxembourg: 22.4 % of GDPNetherlands: 41.4 % of GDPPoland: 46.1 % of GDPPortugal: 102 % of GDPSweden: 30.5 % of GDP
  • Under 38
  • 38 to 51
  • 51 to 70
  • 70 to 100
  • 100 and over
  • No data
% of GDP, Q3 2023. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: BIS, BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp. Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, Q3 2023

Greece: 168.3 % of GDPGreece168.3Italy: 127.7 % of GDPItaly127.7France: 102.4 % of GDPFrance102.4Portugal: 102 % of GDPPortugal102Spain: 100 % of GDPSpain100Belgium: 94.8 % of GDPBelgium94.8Austria: 70.1 % of GDPAustria70.1Hungary: 70.1 % of GDPHungary70.1Finland: 67.3 % of GDPFinland67.3Germany: 57.3 % of GDPGermany57.3Poland: 46.1 % of GDPPoland46.1Netherlands: 41.4 % of GDPNetherlands41.4Czechia: 39.8 % of GDPCzechia39.8Ireland: 37.6 % of GDPIreland37.6Denmark: 31.1 % of GDPDenmark31.1Sweden: 30.5 % of GDPSweden30.5Luxembourg: 22.4 % of GDPLuxembourg22.4Greece: 168.3 % of GDPGreece168.3Italy: 127.7 % of GDPItaly127.7France: 102.4 % of GDPFrance102.4Portugal: 102 % of GDPPortugal102Spain: 100 % of GDPSpain100Belgium: 94.8 % of GDPBelgium94.8Austria: 70.1 % of GDPAustria70.1Hungary: 70.1 % of GDPHungary70.1Finland: 67.3 % of GDPFinland67.3Germany: 57.3 % of GDPGermany57.3Poland: 46.1 % of GDPPoland46.1Netherlands: 41.4 % of GDPNetherlands41.4Czechia: 39.8 % of GDPCzechia39.8Ireland: 37.6 % of GDPIreland37.6Denmark: 31.1 % of GDPDenmark31.1Sweden: 30.5 % of GDPSweden30.5Luxembourg: 22.4 % of GDPLuxembourg22.4
% of GDP. Source: BIS, BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankEU countriesQ3 2023
% of GDP		Change on Q3 2022
1Greece Estimated168.3-11.2 pts
2Italy Estimated127.7-6.1 pts
3France Estimated102.4-7.1 pts
4Portugal Estimated102-14.7 pts
5Spain Estimated100-8.8 pts
6Belgium Estimated94.8-5.5 pts
7Austria Estimated70.1-6.1 pts
7Hungary Estimated70.1+3.9 pts
9Finland Estimated67.3+0.2 pts
10Germany Estimated57.3-5.1 pts
11Poland Estimated46.1+1.3 pts
12Netherlands Estimated41.4-3.6 pts
13Czechia Estimated39.8+1 pts
14Ireland Estimated37.6-6.7 pts
15Denmark Estimated31.1-1.1 pts
16Sweden Estimated30.5-4.6 pts
17Luxembourg Estimated22.4-0.2 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Quarter-end consolidated gross core debt of general government at market value from all lender sectors, divided by nominal GDP over the latest four quarters, in percent. Differs from the nominal valuation used for Maastricht debt.

BIS core debt: loans and debt securities, plus currency and deposits for government. Includes domestic and foreign lenders. Households include non-profit institutions serving households; corporations include public and private non-financial corporations. Gross debt: financial assets are not deducted. Private sectors are unconsolidated; government is consolidated. Market valuation follows national sources; US private debt securities use face value. BIS break adjustments and some historical estimates are retained. Unlike World Bank domestic private credit, it excludes trade credit and covers all lender sectors. Not seasonally adjusted.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Bank for International Settlements (BIS), compiled from central bank and other national sources. BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp. https://stats.bis.org/api/v2/data/dataflow/BIS/WS_TC/2.0/Q.AD+AE+AF+AG+AI+AL+AM+AO+AQ+AR+AS+AT+AU+AW+AX+AZ+BA+BB+BD+BE+BF+BG+BH+BI+BJ+BL+BM+BN+BO+BQ+BR+BS+BT+BV+BW+BY+BZ+CA+CC+CD+CF+CG+CH+CI+CK+CL+CM+CN+CO+CR+CU+CV+CW+CX+CY+CZ+DE+DJ+DK+DM+DO+DZ+EC+EE+EG+EH+ER+ES+ET+FI+FJ+FK+FM+FO+FR+GA+GB+GD+GE+GF+GG+GH+GI+GL+GM+GN+GP+GQ+GR+GS+GT+GU+GW+GY+HK+HM+HN+HR+HT+HU+ID+IE+IL+IM+IN+IO+IQ+IR+IS+IT+JE+JM+JO+JP+KE+KG+KH+KI+KM+KN+KP+KR+KW+KY+KZ+LA+LB+LC+LI+LK+LR+LS+LT+LU+LV+LY+MA+MC+MD+ME+MF+MG+MH+MK+ML+MM+MN+MO+MP+MQ+MR+MS+MT+MU+MV+MW+MX+MY+MZ+NA+NC+NE+NF+NG+NI+NL+NO+NP+NR+NU+NZ+OM+PA+PE+PF+PG+PH+PK+PL+PM+PN+PR+PS+PT+PW+PY+QA+RE+RO+RS+RU+RW+SA+SB+SC+SD+SE+SG+SH+SI+SJ+SK+SL+SM+SN+SO+SR+SS+ST+SV+SX+SY+SZ+TC+TD+TF+TG+TH+TJ+TK+TL+TM+TN+TO+TR+TT+TV+TW+TZ+UA+UG+UM+US+UY+UZ+VA+VC+VE+VG+VI+VN+VU+WF+WS+YE+YT+ZA+ZM+ZW.G.A.M.770.A?format=csv&startPeriod=1970-Q1. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

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APA 7

Bank for International Settlements. (n.d.). BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp (EU countries by general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP, 2023-Q3) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://stats.bis.org/api/v2/data/dataflow/BIS/WS_TC/2.0/Q.AD+AE+AF+AG+AI+AL+AM+AO+AQ+AR+AS+AT+AU+AW+AX+AZ+BA+BB+BD+BE+BF+BG+BH+BI+BJ+BL+BM+BN+BO+BQ+BR+BS+BT+BV+BW+BY+BZ+CA+CC+CD+CF+CG+CH+CI+CK+CL+CM+CN+CO+CR+CU+CV+CW+CX+CY+CZ+DE+DJ+DK+DM+DO+DZ+EC+EE+EG+EH+ER+ES+ET+FI+FJ+FK+FM+FO+FR+GA+GB+GD+GE+GF+GG+GH+GI+GL+GM+GN+GP+GQ+GR+GS+GT+GU+GW+GY+HK+HM+HN+HR+HT+HU+ID+IE+IL+IM+IN+IO+IQ+IR+IS+IT+JE+JM+JO+JP+KE+KG+KH+KI+KM+KN+KP+KR+KW+KY+KZ+LA+LB+LC+LI+LK+LR+LS+LT+LU+LV+LY+MA+MC+MD+ME+MF+MG+MH+MK+ML+MM+MN+MO+MP+MQ+MR+MS+MT+MU+MV+MW+MX+MY+MZ+NA+NC+NE+NF+NG+NI+NL+NO+NP+NR+NU+NZ+OM+PA+PE+PF+PG+PH+PK+PL+PM+PN+PR+PS+PT+PW+PY+QA+RE+RO+RS+RU+RW+SA+SB+SC+SD+SE+SG+SH+SI+SJ+SK+SL+SM+SN+SO+SR+SS+ST+SV+SX+SY+SZ+TC+TD+TF+TG+TH+TJ+TK+TL+TM+TN+TO+TR+TT+TV+TW+TZ+UA+UG+UM+US+UY+UZ+VA+VC+VE+VG+VI+VN+VU+WF+WS+YE+YT+ZA+ZM+ZW.G.A.M.770.A?format=csv&startPeriod=1970-Q1

MLA 9

BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp, EU countries by general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP, 2023-Q3. Bank for International Settlements, https://stats.bis.org/api/v2/data/dataflow/BIS/WS_TC/2.0/Q.AD+AE+AF+AG+AI+AL+AM+AO+AQ+AR+AS+AT+AU+AW+AX+AZ+BA+BB+BD+BE+BF+BG+BH+BI+BJ+BL+BM+BN+BO+BQ+BR+BS+BT+BV+BW+BY+BZ+CA+CC+CD+CF+CG+CH+CI+CK+CL+CM+CN+CO+CR+CU+CV+CW+CX+CY+CZ+DE+DJ+DK+DM+DO+DZ+EC+EE+EG+EH+ER+ES+ET+FI+FJ+FK+FM+FO+FR+GA+GB+GD+GE+GF+GG+GH+GI+GL+GM+GN+GP+GQ+GR+GS+GT+GU+GW+GY+HK+HM+HN+HR+HT+HU+ID+IE+IL+IM+IN+IO+IQ+IR+IS+IT+JE+JM+JO+JP+KE+KG+KH+KI+KM+KN+KP+KR+KW+KY+KZ+LA+LB+LC+LI+LK+LR+LS+LT+LU+LV+LY+MA+MC+MD+ME+MF+MG+MH+MK+ML+MM+MN+MO+MP+MQ+MR+MS+MT+MU+MV+MW+MX+MY+MZ+NA+NC+NE+NF+NG+NI+NL+NO+NP+NR+NU+NZ+OM+PA+PE+PF+PG+PH+PK+PL+PM+PN+PR+PS+PT+PW+PY+QA+RE+RO+RS+RU+RW+SA+SB+SC+SD+SE+SG+SH+SI+SJ+SK+SL+SM+SN+SO+SR+SS+ST+SV+SX+SY+SZ+TC+TD+TF+TG+TH+TJ+TK+TL+TM+TN+TO+TR+TT+TV+TW+TZ+UA+UG+UM+US+UY+UZ+VA+VC+VE+VG+VI+VN+VU+WF+WS+YE+YT+ZA+ZM+ZW.G.A.M.770.A?format=csv&startPeriod=1970-Q1. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/general-government-credit-gdp/eu-countries?period=2023-Q3. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Bank for International Settlements. n.d. BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp. EU countries by general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP, 2023-Q3. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://stats.bis.org/api/v2/data/dataflow/BIS/WS_TC/2.0/Q.AD+AE+AF+AG+AI+AL+AM+AO+AQ+AR+AS+AT+AU+AW+AX+AZ+BA+BB+BD+BE+BF+BG+BH+BI+BJ+BL+BM+BN+BO+BQ+BR+BS+BT+BV+BW+BY+BZ+CA+CC+CD+CF+CG+CH+CI+CK+CL+CM+CN+CO+CR+CU+CV+CW+CX+CY+CZ+DE+DJ+DK+DM+DO+DZ+EC+EE+EG+EH+ER+ES+ET+FI+FJ+FK+FM+FO+FR+GA+GB+GD+GE+GF+GG+GH+GI+GL+GM+GN+GP+GQ+GR+GS+GT+GU+GW+GY+HK+HM+HN+HR+HT+HU+ID+IE+IL+IM+IN+IO+IQ+IR+IS+IT+JE+JM+JO+JP+KE+KG+KH+KI+KM+KN+KP+KR+KW+KY+KZ+LA+LB+LC+LI+LK+LR+LS+LT+LU+LV+LY+MA+MC+MD+ME+MF+MG+MH+MK+ML+MM+MN+MO+MP+MQ+MR+MS+MT+MU+MV+MW+MX+MY+MZ+NA+NC+NE+NF+NG+NI+NL+NO+NP+NR+NU+NZ+OM+PA+PE+PF+PG+PH+PK+PL+PM+PN+PR+PS+PT+PW+PY+QA+RE+RO+RS+RU+RW+SA+SB+SC+SD+SE+SG+SH+SI+SJ+SK+SL+SM+SN+SO+SR+SS+ST+SV+SX+SY+SZ+TC+TD+TF+TG+TH+TJ+TK+TL+TM+TN+TO+TR+TT+TV+TW+TZ+UA+UG+UM+US+UY+UZ+VA+VC+VE+VG+VI+VN+VU+WF+WS+YE+YT+ZA+ZM+ZW.G.A.M.770.A?format=csv&startPeriod=1970-Q1. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/general-government-credit-gdp/eu-countries?period=2023-Q3.

Harvard

Bank for International Settlements (no date) BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp, EU countries by general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP, 2023-Q3 [Dataset]. Available at: https://stats.bis.org/api/v2/data/dataflow/BIS/WS_TC/2.0/Q.AD+AE+AF+AG+AI+AL+AM+AO+AQ+AR+AS+AT+AU+AW+AX+AZ+BA+BB+BD+BE+BF+BG+BH+BI+BJ+BL+BM+BN+BO+BQ+BR+BS+BT+BV+BW+BY+BZ+CA+CC+CD+CF+CG+CH+CI+CK+CL+CM+CN+CO+CR+CU+CV+CW+CX+CY+CZ+DE+DJ+DK+DM+DO+DZ+EC+EE+EG+EH+ER+ES+ET+FI+FJ+FK+FM+FO+FR+GA+GB+GD+GE+GF+GG+GH+GI+GL+GM+GN+GP+GQ+GR+GS+GT+GU+GW+GY+HK+HM+HN+HR+HT+HU+ID+IE+IL+IM+IN+IO+IQ+IR+IS+IT+JE+JM+JO+JP+KE+KG+KH+KI+KM+KN+KP+KR+KW+KY+KZ+LA+LB+LC+LI+LK+LR+LS+LT+LU+LV+LY+MA+MC+MD+ME+MF+MG+MH+MK+ML+MM+MN+MO+MP+MQ+MR+MS+MT+MU+MV+MW+MX+MY+MZ+NA+NC+NE+NF+NG+NI+NL+NO+NP+NR+NU+NZ+OM+PA+PE+PF+PG+PH+PK+PL+PM+PN+PR+PS+PT+PW+PY+QA+RE+RO+RS+RU+RW+SA+SB+SC+SD+SE+SG+SH+SI+SJ+SK+SL+SM+SN+SO+SR+SS+ST+SV+SX+SY+SZ+TC+TD+TF+TG+TH+TJ+TK+TL+TM+TN+TO+TR+TT+TV+TW+TZ+UA+UG+UM+US+UY+UZ+VA+VC+VE+VG+VI+VN+VU+WF+WS+YE+YT+ZA+ZM+ZW.G.A.M.770.A?format=csv&startPeriod=1970-Q1, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/general-government-credit-gdp/eu-countries?period=2023-Q3 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{bank_eu_countries_by_general_2026,
  author = {{Bank for International Settlements}},
  title = {{BIS WS\_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp: EU countries by general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP, 2023-Q3}},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://stats.bis.org/api/v2/data/dataflow/BIS/WS_TC/2.0/Q.AD+AE+AF+AG+AI+AL+AM+AO+AQ+AR+AS+AT+AU+AW+AX+AZ+BA+BB+BD+BE+BF+BG+BH+BI+BJ+BL+BM+BN+BO+BQ+BR+BS+BT+BV+BW+BY+BZ+CA+CC+CD+CF+CG+CH+CI+CK+CL+CM+CN+CO+CR+CU+CV+CW+CX+CY+CZ+DE+DJ+DK+DM+DO+DZ+EC+EE+EG+EH+ER+ES+ET+FI+FJ+FK+FM+FO+FR+GA+GB+GD+GE+GF+GG+GH+GI+GL+GM+GN+GP+GQ+GR+GS+GT+GU+GW+GY+HK+HM+HN+HR+HT+HU+ID+IE+IL+IM+IN+IO+IQ+IR+IS+IT+JE+JM+JO+JP+KE+KG+KH+KI+KM+KN+KP+KR+KW+KY+KZ+LA+LB+LC+LI+LK+LR+LS+LT+LU+LV+LY+MA+MC+MD+ME+MF+MG+MH+MK+ML+MM+MN+MO+MP+MQ+MR+MS+MT+MU+MV+MW+MX+MY+MZ+NA+NC+NE+NF+NG+NI+NL+NO+NP+NR+NU+NZ+OM+PA+PE+PF+PG+PH+PK+PL+PM+PN+PR+PS+PT+PW+PY+QA+RE+RO+RS+RU+RW+SA+SB+SC+SD+SE+SG+SH+SI+SJ+SK+SL+SM+SN+SO+SR+SS+ST+SV+SX+SY+SZ+TC+TD+TF+TG+TH+TJ+TK+TL+TM+TN+TO+TR+TT+TV+TW+TZ+UA+UG+UM+US+UY+UZ+VA+VC+VE+VG+VI+VN+VU+WF+WS+YE+YT+ZA+ZM+ZW.G.A.M.770.A?format=csv&startPeriod=1970-Q1},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/general-government-credit-gdp/eu-countries?period=2023-Q3. Publisher attribution: Bank for International Settlements (BIS), compiled from central bank and other national sources. BIS WS\_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp. https://stats.bis.org/api/v2/data/dataflow/BIS/WS\_TC/2.0/Q.AD+AE+AF+AG+AI+AL+AM+AO+AQ+AR+AS+AT+AU+AW+AX+AZ+BA+BB+BD+BE+BF+BG+BH+BI+BJ+BL+BM+BN+BO+BQ+BR+BS+BT+BV+BW+BY+BZ+CA+CC+CD+CF+CG+CH+CI+CK+CL+CM+CN+CO+CR+CU+CV+CW+CX+CY+CZ+DE+DJ+DK+DM+DO+DZ+EC+EE+EG+EH+ER+ES+ET+FI+FJ+FK+FM+FO+FR+GA+GB+GD+GE+GF+GG+GH+GI+GL+GM+GN+GP+GQ+GR+GS+GT+GU+GW+GY+HK+HM+HN+HR+HT+HU+ID+IE+IL+IM+IN+IO+IQ+IR+IS+IT+JE+JM+JO+JP+KE+KG+KH+KI+KM+KN+KP+KR+KW+KY+KZ+LA+LB+LC+LI+LK+LR+LS+LT+LU+LV+LY+MA+MC+MD+ME+MF+MG+MH+MK+ML+MM+MN+MO+MP+MQ+MR+MS+MT+MU+MV+MW+MX+MY+MZ+NA+NC+NE+NF+NG+NI+NL+NO+NP+NR+NU+NZ+OM+PA+PE+PF+PG+PH+PK+PL+PM+PN+PR+PS+PT+PW+PY+QA+RE+RO+RS+RU+RW+SA+SB+SC+SD+SE+SG+SH+SI+SJ+SK+SL+SM+SN+SO+SR+SS+ST+SV+SX+SY+SZ+TC+TD+TF+TG+TH+TJ+TK+TL+TM+TN+TO+TR+TT+TV+TW+TZ+UA+UG+UM+US+UY+UZ+VA+VC+VE+VG+VI+VN+VU+WF+WS+YE+YT+ZA+ZM+ZW.G.A.M.770.A?format=csv\&startPeriod=1970-Q1. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Bank for International Settlements
TI  - BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp: EU countries by general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP, 2023-Q3
PB  - Bank for International Settlements
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://stats.bis.org/api/v2/data/dataflow/BIS/WS_TC/2.0/Q.AD+AE+AF+AG+AI+AL+AM+AO+AQ+AR+AS+AT+AU+AW+AX+AZ+BA+BB+BD+BE+BF+BG+BH+BI+BJ+BL+BM+BN+BO+BQ+BR+BS+BT+BV+BW+BY+BZ+CA+CC+CD+CF+CG+CH+CI+CK+CL+CM+CN+CO+CR+CU+CV+CW+CX+CY+CZ+DE+DJ+DK+DM+DO+DZ+EC+EE+EG+EH+ER+ES+ET+FI+FJ+FK+FM+FO+FR+GA+GB+GD+GE+GF+GG+GH+GI+GL+GM+GN+GP+GQ+GR+GS+GT+GU+GW+GY+HK+HM+HN+HR+HT+HU+ID+IE+IL+IM+IN+IO+IQ+IR+IS+IT+JE+JM+JO+JP+KE+KG+KH+KI+KM+KN+KP+KR+KW+KY+KZ+LA+LB+LC+LI+LK+LR+LS+LT+LU+LV+LY+MA+MC+MD+ME+MF+MG+MH+MK+ML+MM+MN+MO+MP+MQ+MR+MS+MT+MU+MV+MW+MX+MY+MZ+NA+NC+NE+NF+NG+NI+NL+NO+NP+NR+NU+NZ+OM+PA+PE+PF+PG+PH+PK+PL+PM+PN+PR+PS+PT+PW+PY+QA+RE+RO+RS+RU+RW+SA+SB+SC+SD+SE+SG+SH+SI+SJ+SK+SL+SM+SN+SO+SR+SS+ST+SV+SX+SY+SZ+TC+TD+TF+TG+TH+TJ+TK+TL+TM+TN+TO+TR+TT+TV+TW+TZ+UA+UG+UM+US+UY+UZ+VA+VC+VE+VG+VI+VN+VU+WF+WS+YE+YT+ZA+ZM+ZW.G.A.M.770.A?format=csv&startPeriod=1970-Q1
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/general-government-credit-gdp/eu-countries?period=2023-Q3
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/general-government-credit-gdp/eu-countries?period=2023-Q3.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Bank for International Settlements (BIS), compiled from central bank and other national sources. BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp. https://stats.bis.org/api/v2/data/dataflow/BIS/WS_TC/2.0/Q.AD+AE+AF+AG+AI+AL+AM+AO+AQ+AR+AS+AT+AU+AW+AX+AZ+BA+BB+BD+BE+BF+BG+BH+BI+BJ+BL+BM+BN+BO+BQ+BR+BS+BT+BV+BW+BY+BZ+CA+CC+CD+CF+CG+CH+CI+CK+CL+CM+CN+CO+CR+CU+CV+CW+CX+CY+CZ+DE+DJ+DK+DM+DO+DZ+EC+EE+EG+EH+ER+ES+ET+FI+FJ+FK+FM+FO+FR+GA+GB+GD+GE+GF+GG+GH+GI+GL+GM+GN+GP+GQ+GR+GS+GT+GU+GW+GY+HK+HM+HN+HR+HT+HU+ID+IE+IL+IM+IN+IO+IQ+IR+IS+IT+JE+JM+JO+JP+KE+KG+KH+KI+KM+KN+KP+KR+KW+KY+KZ+LA+LB+LC+LI+LK+LR+LS+LT+LU+LV+LY+MA+MC+MD+ME+MF+MG+MH+MK+ML+MM+MN+MO+MP+MQ+MR+MS+MT+MU+MV+MW+MX+MY+MZ+NA+NC+NE+NF+NG+NI+NL+NO+NP+NR+NU+NZ+OM+PA+PE+PF+PG+PH+PK+PL+PM+PN+PR+PS+PT+PW+PY+QA+RE+RO+RS+RU+RW+SA+SB+SC+SD+SE+SG+SH+SI+SJ+SK+SL+SM+SN+SO+SR+SS+ST+SV+SX+SY+SZ+TC+TD+TF+TG+TH+TJ+TK+TL+TM+TN+TO+TR+TT+TV+TW+TZ+UA+UG+UM+US+UY+UZ+VA+VC+VE+VG+VI+VN+VU+WF+WS+YE+YT+ZA+ZM+ZW.G.A.M.770.A?format=csv&startPeriod=1970-Q1. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP?

Greece, with 168.3% of GDP in Q3 2023, according to the Bank for International Settlements.

Which EU country has the lowest general government core debt at market value as a share of GDP?

Luxembourg, with 22.4% of GDP in Q3 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Bank for International Settlements, BIS WS_TC: G.A.M.770.A, quarterly, general government credit gdp. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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