NUTS 3 areas of Germany by enterprise deaths, 2023

Berlin had the highest enterprise deaths of 400 areas in 2023, at 20,090. Zweibrücken, Kreisfreie Stadt had the lowest, at 86. The median was 486 and the figure for Germany was 252,237. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest20,090Berlin

Lowest86Zweibrücken, Kreisfreie Stadt

Median486400 areas

Germany252,237History

Top 40 areas, 2023

count. Source: Eurostat, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	Areas	2023 count	Change on 2022
1	Berlin Provisional	20,090	+22.8%
2	Hamburg Provisional	9,414	+28.4%
3	München, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	8,244	+29.2%
4	Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	4,946	+17.9%
5	Region Hannover Provisional	3,771	+17.1%
6	Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	3,739	+18.1%
7	Düsseldorf, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	3,321	+17.2%
8	Stuttgart, Stadtkreis Provisional	2,494	+24.1%
9	München, Landkreis Provisional	2,159	+28.3%
10	Leipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	2,135	+33.2%
11	Rhein-Neckar-Kreis Provisional	2,120	+28.2%
12	Rhein-Sieg-Kreis Provisional	2,051	+23.1%
13	Ludwigsburg Provisional	1,960	+26.2%
14	Essen, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,927	+11.9%
15	Esslingen Provisional	1,920	+30.6%
16	Nürnberg, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,911	+26.4%
17	Mettmann Provisional	1,894	+22.5%
18	Städteregion Aachen Provisional	1,881	+26.5%
19	Bremen, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,880	+15.6%
20	Dortmund, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,817	+20.7%
21	Rhein-Kreis Neuss Provisional	1,677	+21.2%
22	Recklinghausen Provisional	1,633	+16.9%
23	Dresden, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,632	+18.3%
24	Rhein-Erft-Kreis Provisional	1,611	+21.8%
25	Main-Kinzig-Kreis Provisional	1,596	+12.7%
26	Offenbach, Landkreis Provisional	1,558	+18.2%
27	Karlsruhe, Landkreis Provisional	1,533	+26.6%
28	Rems-Murr-Kreis Provisional	1,449	+21.6%
29	Ortenaukreis Provisional	1,390	+27.4%
30	Wesel Provisional	1,383	+20.3%
31	Duisburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,374	+16.6%
32	Böblingen Provisional	1,283	+22%
33	Wiesbaden, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,260	+9%
34	Regionalverband Saarbrücken Provisional	1,247	+15%
35	Wetteraukreis Provisional	1,232	+21%
36	Wuppertal, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,211	+19.4%
37	Pinneberg Provisional	1,198	+19.6%
38	Steinfurt Provisional	1,188	+26.4%
39	Mannheim, Stadtkreis Provisional	1,182	+13%
40	Hochtaunuskreis Provisional	1,172	+21.2%
41	Rosenheim, Landkreis Provisional	1,162	+31.4%
42	Karlsruhe, Stadtkreis Provisional	1,133	+14.3%
43	Viersen Provisional	1,132	+22.4%
44	Bonn, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,127	+19.4%
44	Borken Provisional	1,127	+17.6%
46	Märkischer Kreis Provisional	1,110	+22.5%
47	Darmstadt-Dieburg Provisional	1,102	+19%
47	Gütersloh Provisional	1,102	+23.3%
49	Bochum, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,071	+16.5%
50	Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis Provisional	1,070	+18.4%
51	Unna Provisional	1,061	+18.3%
52	Heilbronn, Landkreis Provisional	1,059	+11.5%
53	Main-Taunus-Kreis Provisional	1,053	+9.5%
54	Segeberg Provisional	1,041	+29.2%
55	Ostalbkreis Provisional	1,036	+38.1%
56	Bergstraße Provisional	1,017	+12.1%
57	Kleve Provisional	1,016	+28%
58	Augsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	1,013	+29.5%
59	Konstanz Provisional	1,012	+14.6%
60	Osnabrück, Landkreis Provisional	994	+28.4%
61	Stormarn Provisional	986	+16.1%
62	Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald Provisional	977	+31.5%
63	Bielefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	973	+20.1%
64	Ravensburg Provisional	971	+22.6%
65	Münster, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	968	+21.8%
66	Lippe Provisional	962	+16.2%
66	Mönchengladbach, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	962	+22.7%
68	Reutlingen Provisional	952	+15.5%
69	Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis Provisional	943	+4.4%
69	Harburg Provisional	943	+22%
71	Gießen, Landkreis Provisional	928	+23.6%
72	Minden-Lübbecke Provisional	921	+17.8%
73	Groß-Gerau Provisional	913	+11.5%
74	Starnberg Provisional	889	+31.3%
75	Göppingen Provisional	888	+19.4%
76	Emsland Provisional	887	+15.6%
76	Potsdam-Mittelmark Provisional	887	+29.3%
78	Paderborn Provisional	878	+11.1%
79	Augsburg, Landkreis Provisional	865	+35.8%
80	Heinsberg Provisional	864	+42.3%
81	Freiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis Provisional	851	+21.6%
82	Krefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	848	+24.2%
83	Fürstenfeldbruck Provisional	847	+28.7%
84	Soest Provisional	845	+16.6%
85	Düren Provisional	841	+31.4%
86	Göttingen Provisional	827	+16.6%
87	Erzgebirgskreis Provisional	812	+16%
87	Herford Provisional	812	+31.2%
89	Ostholstein Provisional	809	+19.7%
90	Leipzig Provisional	804	+30.9%
91	Lahn-Dill-Kreis Provisional	798	+25.9%
92	Rendsburg-Eckernförde Provisional	796	+21.7%
93	Oberbergischer Kreis Provisional	786	+14.9%
94	Nordfriesland Provisional	785	+10.6%
95	Bodenseekreis Provisional	781	+16%
96	Zwickau Provisional	767	+19.7%
97	Warendorf Provisional	765	+20.1%
98	Bautzen Provisional	764	+28%
99	Hochsauerlandkreis Provisional	761	+15.7%
100	Mittelsachsen Provisional	756	+22.9%
101	Diepholz Provisional	744	+25.7%
101	Hildesheim Provisional	744	+17.9%
103	Mainz, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	734	+13.1%
104	Tübingen, Landkreis Provisional	724	+41.7%
105	Enzkreis Provisional	723	+27.5%
106	Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis Provisional	718	+11.5%
107	Lörrach Provisional	717	+21.9%
108	Siegen-Wittgenstein Provisional	711	+20.9%
109	Gelsenkirchen, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	709	+22.7%
110	Oberhavel Provisional	704	+25.9%
111	Euskirchen Provisional	701	+23%
111	Rastatt Provisional	701	+13.6%
113	Vorpommern-Rügen Provisional	695	+14.1%
114	Mainz-Bingen Provisional	692	+32.6%
115	Kiel, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	691	+25.6%
116	Braunschweig, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	689	+7.5%
117	Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge Provisional	688	+22.4%
118	Märkisch-Oderland Provisional	686	+16.3%
119	Coesfeld Provisional	682	+23.1%
120	Schleswig-Flensburg Provisional	674	+22.8%
121	Dahme-Spreewald Provisional	673	+35.7%
121	Passau, Landkreis Provisional	673	+42.9%
123	Herzogtum Lauenburg Provisional	664	+22.3%
123	Limburg-Weilburg Provisional	664	+11.6%
125	Saarlouis Provisional	660	+20.9%
126	Marburg-Biedenkopf Provisional	659	+21.6%
127	Kassel, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	658	+13.8%
128	Traunstein Provisional	657	+25.9%
129	Barnim Provisional	655	+22.7%
130	Neuwied Provisional	649	+25.3%
131	Potsdam, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	646	+22.3%
132	Freising Provisional	645	+31.6%
133	Kassel, Landkreis Provisional	642	+29.7%
134	Mecklenburgische Seenplatte Provisional	639	+17.2%
135	Meißen Provisional	637	+24.4%
136	Aschaffenburg, Landkreis Provisional	636	+38.3%
136	Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis Provisional	636	+12.4%
138	Landkreis Rostock Provisional	633	+8.6%
139	Görlitz Provisional	631	+15.1%
140	Westerwaldkreis Provisional	629	+13.9%
141	Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen Provisional	622	+34.6%
142	Lübeck, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	620	+14.6%
143	Fulda Provisional	619	+20.4%
144	Vorpommern-Greifswald Provisional	618	+24.6%
145	Chemnitz, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	617	+8.8%
146	Vogtlandkreis Provisional	612	+31.6%
147	Mayen-Koblenz Provisional	610	+19.6%
148	Schwäbisch Hall Provisional	607	+17.6%
149	Alb-Donau-Kreis Provisional	604	+21.5%
149	Darmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	604	+16.4%
151	Zollernalbkreis Provisional	602	+14%
152	Teltow-Fläming Provisional	601	+11.7%
153	Stade Provisional	596	+14.2%
154	Erfurt, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	595	+36.5%
154	Offenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	595	+12.1%
156	Oberhausen, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	591	+21.4%
157	Landsberg am Lech Provisional	589	+38.3%
157	Lüneburg, Landkreis Provisional	589	+25.1%
159	Biberach Provisional	587	+27.9%
159	Unterallgäu Provisional	587	+53.7%
161	Ebersberg Provisional	586	+34.7%
161	Mülheim an der Ruhr, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	586	+27.9%
163	Oberallgäu Provisional	582	+22.3%
164	Magdeburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	575	+18.8%
165	Dachau Provisional	570	+21.3%
166	Cuxhaven Provisional	568	+37.5%
167	Landshut, Landkreis Provisional	565	+44.9%
168	Oder-Spree Provisional	559	+23.1%
169	Ansbach, Landkreis Provisional	558	+33.8%
170	Neu-Ulm Provisional	556	+29.3%
170	Oldenburg (Oldenburg), Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	556	+27.5%
172	Nürnberger Land Provisional	554	+14.5%
173	Solingen, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	549	+17.3%
174	Osnabrück, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	548	+12.3%
175	Regensburg, Landkreis Provisional	545	+24.1%
176	Heidelberg, Stadtkreis Provisional	543	+10.8%
177	Emmendingen Provisional	532	+27%
178	Regensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	531	+28.3%
178	Rostock, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	531	+21.8%
180	Halle (Saale), Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	528	+22.8%
181	Miesbach Provisional	524	+17.8%
182	Waldshut Provisional	521	+21.4%
183	Cloppenburg Provisional	520	+31%
183	Ostallgäu Provisional	520	+25.6%
185	Calw Provisional	519	+16.6%
186	Weilheim-Schongau Provisional	517	+31.9%
187	Hagen, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	510	+8.1%
187	Leverkusen, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	510	+18.6%
187	Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	510	+28.1%
190	Aurich Provisional	509	+8.3%
191	Aichach-Friedberg Provisional	506	+36.8%
191	Havelland Provisional	506	+20.2%
193	Nordsachsen Provisional	505	+25.3%
194	Hamm, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	497	+45.3%
194	Würzburg, Landkreis Provisional	497	+36.2%
196	Ludwigslust-Parchim Provisional	495	+8.8%
197	Celle Provisional	492	+15.8%
198	Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis Provisional	491	+20.6%
199	Harz Provisional	487	+8.2%
200	Bad Kreuznach Provisional	486	+19.7%
200	Leer Provisional	486	+28.2%
202	Schwalm-Eder-Kreis Provisional	482	+27.5%
203	Erding Provisional	478	+28.2%
204	Bad Dürkheim Provisional	477	+15.8%
205	Schaumburg Provisional	473	+28.9%
206	Waldeck-Frankenberg Provisional	464	+16.6%
207	Ulm, Stadtkreis Provisional	463	+21.2%
208	Saarpfalz-Kreis Provisional	462	+17.9%
209	Heilbronn, Stadtkreis Provisional	460	+18.3%
210	Hameln-Pyrmont Provisional	454	+30.8%
211	Fürth, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	450	+27.5%
212	Pforzheim, Stadtkreis Provisional	449	+5.9%
213	Rotenburg (Wümme) Provisional	447	+11.8%
214	Ahrweiler Provisional	445	+14.7%
215	Pfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm Provisional	444	+28.7%
216	Steinburg Provisional	442	+39%
217	Tuttlingen Provisional	438	+21%
218	Dithmarschen Provisional	433	+21.3%
219	Deggendorf Provisional	430	+33.5%
220	Mühldorf a. Inn Provisional	427	+20.3%
220	Rottal-Inn Provisional	427	+31.8%
222	Oldenburg, Landkreis Provisional	425	+25.7%
222	Rottweil Provisional	425	+8.1%
224	Garmisch-Partenkirchen Provisional	423	+21.9%
225	Alzey-Worms Provisional	420	+26.9%
226	Miltenberg Provisional	419	+36.9%
227	Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis Provisional	418	+21.2%
228	Roth Provisional	416	+34.6%
229	Sigmaringen Provisional	415	+15.9%
230	Vechta Provisional	414	+5.6%
231	Günzburg Provisional	412	+24.8%
231	Herne, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	412	+16.4%
233	Verden Provisional	410	+31.4%
234	Donau-Ries Provisional	405	+35.5%
234	Plön Provisional	405	+18.8%
236	Altenkirchen (Westerwald) Provisional	403	+20.3%
237	Burgenlandkreis Provisional	402	+20.4%
238	Neunkirchen Provisional	401	+13.9%
238	Nordwestmecklenburg Provisional	401	+14.2%
240	Schwandorf Provisional	398	+19.2%
241	Grafschaft Bentheim Provisional	397	+33.2%
241	Salzlandkreis Provisional	397	+14.7%
243	Heidekreis Provisional	395	+27.8%
244	Gifhorn Provisional	394	+27.1%
245	Würzburg, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	391	+23.3%
246	Fürth, Landkreis Provisional	390	+18.5%
246	Saalekreis Provisional	390	+12.1%
248	Ammerland Provisional	389	+17.5%
249	Germersheim Provisional	386	+13.2%
250	Ingolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt Provisional	383	+25.2%

Showing the top 250 of 400. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

2023
2022
2021
2020

About this ranking

Enterprises that stopped trading during the year and were not reactivated within two years. Enterprises absorbed by a merger or a takeover are not deaths.

Counts enterprises, which can run several local units, under the harmonised Eurostat and OECD business demography rules. Not the same as active_companies (the INE business register count for Spain) or employer_firms (US firms with employees). A death is not an insolvency: most enterprises that close do so without a formal insolvency procedure. The latest years are estimated from expected reactivations and are provisional.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the areas are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r) (NUTS 3 areas of Germany by enterprise deaths, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table

MLA 9

Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r), NUTS 3 areas of Germany by enterprise deaths, 2023. Eurostat, European Commission, 13 Mar. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/germany-provinces. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). NUTS 3 areas of Germany by enterprise deaths, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/germany-provinces.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r), NUTS 3 areas of Germany by enterprise deaths, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/germany-provinces (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{eurostat_nuts_3_areas_of_2023,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd\_size\_r): NUTS 3 areas of Germany by enterprise deaths, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/germany-provinces. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd\_size\_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd\_size\_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r): NUTS 3 areas of Germany by enterprise deaths, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/03/13
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/germany-provinces
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/germany-provinces.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which area has the highest enterprise deaths?

Berlin, with 20,090 in 2023, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which area has the lowest enterprise deaths?

Zweibrücken, Kreisfreie Stadt, with 86 in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). Retrieved 2026-10-12.