Data / Rankings / Enterprise births / Provinces of Spain

Provinces of Spain by enterprise births, 2023

Madrid province had the highest enterprise births of 49 provinces in 2023, at 52,854. Ceuta province had the lowest, at 287. The median was 2,987 and the figure for Spain was 319,085. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

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Highest52,854Madrid province
Lowest287Ceuta province
Median2,98749 provinces
Spain319,085History

Map of provinces, 2023

Álava province: 1,391 countAlbacete province: 2,043 countAlicante province: 16,355 countAlmería province: 4,489 countÁvila province: 729 countBadajoz province: 3,312 countBarcelona province: 46,485 countBurgos province: 1,653 countCáceres province: 1,983 countCádiz province: 6,848 countCastellón province: 3,604 countCiudad Real province: 2,265 countCórdoba province: 4,012 countA Coruña province: 5,916 countCuenca province: 955 countGirona province: 6,157 countGranada province: 6,100 countGuadalajara province: 1,415 countGipuzkoa province: 3,819 countHuelva province: 2,553 countHuesca province: 1,067 countJaén province: 3,010 countLeón province: 1,992 countLleida province: 2,573 countLa Rioja province: 1,532 countLugo province: 1,480 countMadrid province: 52,854 countMálaga province: 17,619 countMurcia province: 9,377 countNavarre province: 2,987 countOurense province: 1,629 countAsturias province: 5,127 countPalencia province: 568 countPontevedra province: 5,423 countSalamanca province: 1,490 countCantabria province: 3,014 countSegovia province: 752 countSeville province: 12,145 countSoria province: 389 countTarragona province: 5,197 countTeruel province: 666 countToledo province: 4,081 countValencia province: 20,100 countValladolid province: 2,319 countBiscay province: 5,884 countZamora province: 688 countZaragoza province: 4,897 countCeuta province: 287 countMelilla province: 495 count
  • Under 1,000
  • 1,000 to 1,700
  • 1,700 to 3,000
  • 3,000 to 4,500
  • 4,500 to 6,200
  • 6,200 and over
  • No data
count, 2023. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: Eurostat, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All provinces, 2023

Madrid province: 52,854 countMadrid province52,854Barcelona province: 46,485 countBarcelona province46,485Valencia province: 20,100 countValencia province20,100Málaga province: 17,619 countMálaga province17,619Alicante province: 16,355 countAlicante province16,355Seville province: 12,145 countSeville province12,145Murcia province: 9,377 countMurcia province9,377Cádiz province: 6,848 countCádiz province6,848Girona province: 6,157 countGirona province6,157Granada province: 6,100 countGranada province6,100A Coruña province: 5,916 countA Coruña province5,916Biscay province: 5,884 countBiscay province5,884Pontevedra province: 5,423 countPontevedra province5,423Tarragona province: 5,197 countTarragona province5,197Asturias province: 5,127 countAsturias province5,127Zaragoza province: 4,897 countZaragoza province4,897Almería province: 4,489 countAlmería province4,489Toledo province: 4,081 countToledo province4,081Córdoba province: 4,012 countCórdoba province4,012Gipuzkoa province: 3,819 countGipuzkoa province3,819Castellón province: 3,604 countCastellón province3,604Badajoz province: 3,312 countBadajoz province3,312Cantabria province: 3,014 countCantabria province3,014Jaén province: 3,010 countJaén province3,010Navarre province: 2,987 countNavarre province2,987Lleida province: 2,573 countLleida province2,573Huelva province: 2,553 countHuelva province2,553Valladolid province: 2,319 countValladolid province2,319Ciudad Real province: 2,265 countCiudad Real province2,265Albacete province: 2,043 countAlbacete province2,043León province: 1,992 countLeón province1,992Cáceres province: 1,983 countCáceres province1,983Burgos province: 1,653 countBurgos province1,653Ourense province: 1,629 countOurense province1,629La Rioja province: 1,532 countLa Rioja province1,532Salamanca province: 1,490 countSalamanca province1,490Lugo province: 1,480 countLugo province1,480Guadalajara province: 1,415 countGuadalajara province1,415Álava province: 1,391 countÁlava province1,391Huesca province: 1,067 countHuesca province1,067Cuenca province: 955 countCuenca province955Segovia province: 752 countSegovia province752Ávila province: 729 countÁvila province729Zamora province: 688 countZamora province688Teruel province: 666 countTeruel province666Palencia province: 568 countPalencia province568Melilla province: 495 countMelilla province495Soria province: 389 countSoria province389Ceuta province: 287 countCeuta province287Madrid province: 52,854 countMadrid province52,854Barcelona province: 46,485 countBarcelona province46,485Valencia province: 20,100 countValencia province20,100Málaga province: 17,619 countMálaga province17,619Alicante province: 16,355 countAlicante province16,355Seville province: 12,145 countSeville province12,145Murcia province: 9,377 countMurcia province9,377Cádiz province: 6,848 countCádiz province6,848Girona province: 6,157 countGirona province6,157Granada province: 6,100 countGranada province6,100A Coruña province: 5,916 countA Coruña province5,916Biscay province: 5,884 countBiscay province5,884Pontevedra province: 5,423 countPontevedra province5,423Tarragona province: 5,197 countTarragona province5,197Asturias province: 5,127 countAsturias province5,127Zaragoza province: 4,897 countZaragoza province4,897Almería province: 4,489 countAlmería province4,489Toledo province: 4,081 countToledo province4,081Córdoba province: 4,012 countCórdoba province4,012Gipuzkoa province: 3,819 countGipuzkoa province3,819Castellón province: 3,604 countCastellón province3,604Badajoz province: 3,312 countBadajoz province3,312Cantabria province: 3,014 countCantabria province3,014Jaén province: 3,010 countJaén province3,010Navarre province: 2,987 countNavarre province2,987Lleida province: 2,573 countLleida province2,573Huelva province: 2,553 countHuelva province2,553Valladolid province: 2,319 countValladolid province2,319Ciudad Real province: 2,265 countCiudad Real province2,265Albacete province: 2,043 countAlbacete province2,043León province: 1,992 countLeón province1,992Cáceres province: 1,983 countCáceres province1,983Burgos province: 1,653 countBurgos province1,653Ourense province: 1,629 countOurense province1,629La Rioja province: 1,532 countLa Rioja province1,532Salamanca province: 1,490 countSalamanca province1,490Lugo province: 1,480 countLugo province1,480Guadalajara province: 1,415 countGuadalajara province1,415Álava province: 1,391 countÁlava province1,391Huesca province: 1,067 countHuesca province1,067Cuenca province: 955 countCuenca province955Segovia province: 752 countSegovia province752Ávila province: 729 countÁvila province729Zamora province: 688 countZamora province688Teruel province: 666 countTeruel province666Palencia province: 568 countPalencia province568Melilla province: 495 countMelilla province495Soria province: 389 countSoria province389Ceuta province: 287 countCeuta province287
count. Source: Eurostat, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankProvinces2023
count		Change on 2022
1Madrid province52,854+6.8%
2Barcelona province46,485+9%
3Valencia province20,100+10.7%
4Málaga province17,619+7.3%
5Alicante province16,355+6.7%
6Seville province12,145+7.3%
7Murcia province9,377+8.2%
8Cádiz province6,848+0.3%
9Girona province6,157+9.3%
10Granada province6,100+3%
11A Coruña province5,916+0.3%
12Biscay province5,884+3.7%
13Pontevedra province5,423+2.4%
14Tarragona province5,197+4.3%
15Asturias province5,127+7.4%
16Zaragoza province4,897+7.6%
17Almería province4,489+3.7%
18Toledo province4,081+7.2%
19Córdoba province4,012+5.8%
20Gipuzkoa province3,819+10.8%
21Castellón province3,604+8.8%
22Badajoz province3,312-0.6%
23Cantabria province3,014+5.1%
24Jaén province3,010+2.9%
25Navarre province2,987+3.5%
26Lleida province2,573+13.4%
27Huelva province2,553+2.4%
28Valladolid province2,319+8.4%
29Ciudad Real province2,265+4.8%
30Albacete province2,043+4.4%
31León province1,992-0.2%
32Cáceres province1,983+4.1%
33Burgos province1,653+10.4%
34Ourense province1,629+7%
35La Rioja province1,532+15.9%
36Salamanca province1,490+8.4%
37Lugo province1,480+3%
38Guadalajara province1,415+7.9%
39Álava province1,391+5.1%
40Huesca province1,067+3.2%
41Cuenca province955-0.8%
42Segovia province752-4.8%
43Ávila province729+1.8%
44Zamora province688+13.5%
45Teruel province666+26.9%
46Palencia province568+7.6%
47Melilla province495-0.2%
48Soria province389+5.7%
49Ceuta province287-13%

Other periods

About this ranking

New enterprises created during the year from scratch. Enterprises formed by a merger, break-up or change of legal form, and enterprises reactivated within two years, are not births.

Counts enterprises, which can run several local units, under the harmonised Eurostat and OECD business demography rules. Not the same as active_companies (the INE business register count for Spain) or employer_firms (US firms with employees). Not comparable with companies_created (companies registered in Spain) or business_applications (US applications for an employer number).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the provinces are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r) (Provinces of Spain by enterprise births, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table

MLA 9

Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r), Provinces of Spain by enterprise births, 2023. Eurostat, European Commission, 13 Mar. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-births/spain-provinces. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r). Provinces of Spain by enterprise births, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-births/spain-provinces.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r), Provinces of Spain by enterprise births, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-births/spain-provinces (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_provinces_of_spain_by_2023,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd\_size\_r): Provinces of Spain by enterprise births, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-births/spain-provinces. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd\_size\_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd\_size\_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r): Provinces of Spain by enterprise births, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/03/13
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-births/spain-provinces
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-births/spain-provinces.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which province has the highest enterprise births?

Madrid province, with 52,854 in 2023, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which province has the lowest enterprise births?

Ceuta province, with 287 in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Enterprise births: other rankings

Provinces of Spain: more rankings