Data / Rankings / Enterprise deaths / Provinces of Spain

Provinces of Spain by enterprise deaths, 2023

Madrid province had the highest enterprise deaths of 49 provinces in 2023, at 42,764. Ceuta province had the lowest, at 344. The median was 2,707 and the figure for Spain was 273,103. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

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Highest42,764Madrid province
Lowest344Ceuta province
Median2,70749 provinces
Spain273,103History

Map of provinces, 2023

Álava province: 1,326 countAlbacete province: 1,938 countAlicante province: 12,875 countAlmería province: 3,826 countÁvila province: 732 countBadajoz province: 3,017 countBarcelona province: 39,035 countBurgos province: 1,534 countCáceres province: 1,972 countCádiz province: 5,958 countCastellón province: 3,007 countCiudad Real province: 2,304 countCórdoba province: 3,724 countA Coruña province: 5,571 countCuenca province: 909 countGirona province: 5,177 countGranada province: 5,514 countGuadalajara province: 1,223 countGipuzkoa province: 3,559 countHuelva province: 2,442 countHuesca province: 1,062 countJaén province: 2,889 countLeón province: 2,036 countLleida province: 2,271 countLa Rioja province: 1,520 countLugo province: 1,505 countMadrid province: 42,764 countMálaga province: 13,087 countMurcia province: 8,030 countNavarre province: 3,423 countOurense province: 1,567 countAsturias province: 5,046 countPalencia province: 583 countPontevedra province: 5,028 countSalamanca province: 1,480 countCantabria province: 2,707 countSegovia province: 754 countSeville province: 10,343 countSoria province: 346 countTarragona province: 4,637 countTeruel province: 635 countToledo province: 3,754 countValencia province: 16,308 countValladolid province: 2,185 countBiscay province: 5,500 countZamora province: 673 countZaragoza province: 4,539 countCeuta province: 344 countMelilla province: 478 count
  • Under 900
  • 900 to 1,600
  • 1,600 to 2,700
  • 2,700 to 3,800
  • 3,800 to 5,600
  • 5,600 and over
  • No data
count, 2023. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: Eurostat, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All provinces, 2023

Madrid province: 42,764 countMadrid province42,764Barcelona province: 39,035 countBarcelona province39,035Valencia province: 16,308 countValencia province16,308Málaga province: 13,087 countMálaga province13,087Alicante province: 12,875 countAlicante province12,875Seville province: 10,343 countSeville province10,343Murcia province: 8,030 countMurcia province8,030Cádiz province: 5,958 countCádiz province5,958A Coruña province: 5,571 countA Coruña province5,571Granada province: 5,514 countGranada province5,514Biscay province: 5,500 countBiscay province5,500Girona province: 5,177 countGirona province5,177Asturias province: 5,046 countAsturias province5,046Pontevedra province: 5,028 countPontevedra province5,028Tarragona province: 4,637 countTarragona province4,637Zaragoza province: 4,539 countZaragoza province4,539Almería province: 3,826 countAlmería province3,826Toledo province: 3,754 countToledo province3,754Córdoba province: 3,724 countCórdoba province3,724Gipuzkoa province: 3,559 countGipuzkoa province3,559Navarre province: 3,423 countNavarre province3,423Badajoz province: 3,017 countBadajoz province3,017Castellón province: 3,007 countCastellón province3,007Jaén province: 2,889 countJaén province2,889Cantabria province: 2,707 countCantabria province2,707Huelva province: 2,442 countHuelva province2,442Ciudad Real province: 2,304 countCiudad Real province2,304Lleida province: 2,271 countLleida province2,271Valladolid province: 2,185 countValladolid province2,185León province: 2,036 countLeón province2,036Cáceres province: 1,972 countCáceres province1,972Albacete province: 1,938 countAlbacete province1,938Ourense province: 1,567 countOurense province1,567Burgos province: 1,534 countBurgos province1,534La Rioja province: 1,520 countLa Rioja province1,520Lugo province: 1,505 countLugo province1,505Salamanca province: 1,480 countSalamanca province1,480Álava province: 1,326 countÁlava province1,326Guadalajara province: 1,223 countGuadalajara province1,223Huesca province: 1,062 countHuesca province1,062Cuenca province: 909 countCuenca province909Segovia province: 754 countSegovia province754Ávila province: 732 countÁvila province732Zamora province: 673 countZamora province673Teruel province: 635 countTeruel province635Palencia province: 583 countPalencia province583Melilla province: 478 countMelilla province478Soria province: 346 countSoria province346Ceuta province: 344 countCeuta province344Madrid province: 42,764 countMadrid province42,764Barcelona province: 39,035 countBarcelona province39,035Valencia province: 16,308 countValencia province16,308Málaga province: 13,087 countMálaga province13,087Alicante province: 12,875 countAlicante province12,875Seville province: 10,343 countSeville province10,343Murcia province: 8,030 countMurcia province8,030Cádiz province: 5,958 countCádiz province5,958A Coruña province: 5,571 countA Coruña province5,571Granada province: 5,514 countGranada province5,514Biscay province: 5,500 countBiscay province5,500Girona province: 5,177 countGirona province5,177Asturias province: 5,046 countAsturias province5,046Pontevedra province: 5,028 countPontevedra province5,028Tarragona province: 4,637 countTarragona province4,637Zaragoza province: 4,539 countZaragoza province4,539Almería province: 3,826 countAlmería province3,826Toledo province: 3,754 countToledo province3,754Córdoba province: 3,724 countCórdoba province3,724Gipuzkoa province: 3,559 countGipuzkoa province3,559Navarre province: 3,423 countNavarre province3,423Badajoz province: 3,017 countBadajoz province3,017Castellón province: 3,007 countCastellón province3,007Jaén province: 2,889 countJaén province2,889Cantabria province: 2,707 countCantabria province2,707Huelva province: 2,442 countHuelva province2,442Ciudad Real province: 2,304 countCiudad Real province2,304Lleida province: 2,271 countLleida province2,271Valladolid province: 2,185 countValladolid province2,185León province: 2,036 countLeón province2,036Cáceres province: 1,972 countCáceres province1,972Albacete province: 1,938 countAlbacete province1,938Ourense province: 1,567 countOurense province1,567Burgos province: 1,534 countBurgos province1,534La Rioja province: 1,520 countLa Rioja province1,520Lugo province: 1,505 countLugo province1,505Salamanca province: 1,480 countSalamanca province1,480Álava province: 1,326 countÁlava province1,326Guadalajara province: 1,223 countGuadalajara province1,223Huesca province: 1,062 countHuesca province1,062Cuenca province: 909 countCuenca province909Segovia province: 754 countSegovia province754Ávila province: 732 countÁvila province732Zamora province: 673 countZamora province673Teruel province: 635 countTeruel province635Palencia province: 583 countPalencia province583Melilla province: 478 countMelilla province478Soria province: 346 countSoria province346Ceuta province: 344 countCeuta province344
count. Source: Eurostat, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankProvinces2023
count		Change on 2022
1Madrid province Estimated42,764-10.2%
2Barcelona province Estimated39,035-9.7%
3Valencia province Estimated16,308-8.9%
4Málaga province Estimated13,087-4.2%
5Alicante province Estimated12,875-13%
6Seville province Estimated10,343-8.7%
7Murcia province Estimated8,030-12%
8Cádiz province Estimated5,958-8.4%
9A Coruña province Estimated5,571-13%
10Granada province Estimated5,514-13.8%
11Biscay province Estimated5,500-3.3%
12Girona province Estimated5,177-8.8%
13Asturias province Estimated5,046-10.9%
14Pontevedra province Estimated5,028-5.5%
15Tarragona province Estimated4,637-10.4%
16Zaragoza province Estimated4,539-6.2%
17Almería province Estimated3,826-10%
18Toledo province Estimated3,754-11.2%
19Córdoba province Estimated3,724-11.3%
20Gipuzkoa province Estimated3,559+9%
21Navarre province Estimated3,423+13.2%
22Badajoz province Estimated3,017-12.6%
23Castellón province Estimated3,007-15.4%
24Jaén province Estimated2,889-11.7%
25Cantabria province Estimated2,707-6.6%
26Huelva province Estimated2,442+5.7%
27Ciudad Real province Estimated2,304-9.3%
28Lleida province Estimated2,271-5.2%
29Valladolid province Estimated2,185-11%
30León province Estimated2,036-13.9%
31Cáceres province Estimated1,972-9.3%
32Albacete province Estimated1,938-10.4%
33Ourense province Estimated1,567-14.3%
34Burgos province Estimated1,534-4.8%
35La Rioja province Estimated1,520-12.3%
36Lugo province Estimated1,505-13.5%
37Salamanca province Estimated1,480-4.8%
38Álava province Estimated1,326+12.3%
39Guadalajara province Estimated1,223-17.5%
40Huesca province Estimated1,062+0.9%
41Cuenca province Estimated909-5.4%
42Segovia province Estimated754-8.6%
43Ávila province Estimated732-9.1%
44Zamora province Estimated673-16.7%
45Teruel province Estimated635-6.5%
46Palencia province Estimated583-17.7%
47Melilla province Estimated478-14.9%
48Soria province Estimated346-13.7%
49Ceuta province Estimated344-10.9%

Other periods

About this ranking

Enterprises that stopped trading during the year and were not reactivated within two years. Enterprises absorbed by a merger or a takeover are not deaths.

Counts enterprises, which can run several local units, under the harmonised Eurostat and OECD business demography rules. Not the same as active_companies (the INE business register count for Spain) or employer_firms (US firms with employees). A death is not an insolvency: most enterprises that close do so without a formal insolvency procedure. The latest years are estimated from expected reactivations and are provisional.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the provinces are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r) (Provinces of Spain by enterprise deaths, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table

MLA 9

Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r), Provinces of Spain by enterprise deaths, 2023. Eurostat, European Commission, 13 Mar. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/spain-provinces. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). Provinces of Spain by enterprise deaths, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/spain-provinces.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r), Provinces of Spain by enterprise deaths, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/spain-provinces (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_provinces_of_spain_by_2023,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd\_size\_r): Provinces of Spain by enterprise deaths, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/spain-provinces. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd\_size\_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd\_size\_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r): Provinces of Spain by enterprise deaths, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/03/13
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/spain-provinces
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/enterprise-deaths/spain-provinces.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which province has the highest enterprise deaths?

Madrid province, with 42,764 in 2023, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which province has the lowest enterprise deaths?

Ceuta province, with 344 in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise deaths, number (bd_size_r). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Enterprise deaths: other rankings

Provinces of Spain: more rankings