Data / Madison County / Profile

Madison County in figures

A profile of Madison County from official statistics: 24 figures in 5 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Madison County was 101,696 in 2025, up 2.1% from 2024, and the 8th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky.

Population101,6962025Up 2.1% from 2024The 8th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
Median age34.7 years2024Unchanged from 2023The 4th lowest of 120 counties in Kentucky
Population aged 65 and over16.1%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024The 4th lowest of 120 counties in Kentucky
Foreign-born population share2.4%2024Down 0.3 percentage points from 2023
Population density89.7 inhabitants per km²2025Up 2.1% from 2024
Net domestic migration, July to June1,8102025, estimatedCompared with 1,585 in 2024
92K94K96K98K100K102K2020202120222023202420252020: 93,002 persons2021: 93,485 persons2022: 95,227 persons2023: 97,551 persons2024: 99,600 persons2025: 101,696 persons
Population, 2020 to 2025. persons. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program).

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program); U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B01002: median age, total population; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex (cc-est agesex): residents aged 65 and over as a percentage of the total, 1 July; states and the nation summed from counties; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B05002: foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population, calculated with stored inputs; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program resident population on 1 July divided by land area from the latest Census Gazetteer files, persons per km²; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program: net domestic migration, states and counties, July 1 of the previous year to June 30 of the reported year; vintage 2020 files for 2011 to 2020 and the latest 2020s vintage from 2021. Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Madison County was 4.8% (provisional) in August 2026, up 0.2 percentage points from August 2025, and tied for the 36th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky.

Unemployment rate4.8%August 2026, provisionalUp 0.2 percentage points from August 2025Tied for the 36th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
Median household income$63,3512024Up 1.5% from 2023The 34th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
Per capita personal income$49,4372024Up 4.4% from 2023The 55th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
Poverty rate (US official measure)16.4%2024Up 2.6 percentage points from 2023
Gini index43.62024Down 0.6 points from 2023
345672021-072022-042023-012023-102024-072025-042026-082021-07: 4.8 %2021-08: 4 %2021-09: 4 %2021-10: 3.8 %2021-11: 3.3 %2021-12: 3.4 %2022-01: 4.1 %2022-02: 4 %2022-03: 4 %2022-04: 3.5 %2022-05: 3.6 %2022-06: 4.7 %2022-07: 4.8 %2022-08: 4 %2022-09: 3.7 %2022-10: 3.9 %2022-11: 3.7 %2022-12: 3.4 %2023-01: 4.2 %2023-02: 4.3 %2023-03: 4.1 %2023-04: 3.3 %2023-05: 4.1 %2023-06: 4.9 %2023-07: 5 %2023-08: 4.5 %2023-09: 4.1 %2023-10: 4 %2023-11: 4 %2023-12: 4.1 %2024-01: 4.8 %2024-02: 5.2 %2024-03: 5 %2024-04: 4 %2024-05: 4.6 %2024-06: 5.3 %2024-07: 5.6 %2024-08: 5.1 %2024-09: 4.8 %2024-10: 4.5 %2024-11: 4.6 %2024-12: 4.3 %2025-01: 5.3 %2025-02: 5 %2025-03: 5.2 %2025-04: 3.8 %2025-05: 4.5 %2025-06: 5.1 %2025-07: 5.5 %2025-08: 4.6 %2025-09: 4.6 %2025-11: 4.1 %2025-12: 3.8 %2026-01: 4.6 %2026-02: 4.9 %2026-03: 4.8 %2026-04: 4.5 %2026-05: 5.3 %2026-06: 6.4 %2026-07: 5.9 %2026-08: 4.8 %
Unemployment rate, July 2021 to August 2026. %. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted.

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19013: median household income in the past 12 months; U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAINC1: county annual personal income summary, per capita personal income, current dollars, individual counties and county equivalents; U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): percent of people of all ages in poverty, states and counties; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19083: Gini index of household income inequality (coefficient multiplied by 100). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (US dollars) in Madison County was $4.44 billion in 2024, up 7.7% from 2023, and the 13th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky.

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars$4.44 billion2024Up 7.7% from 2023The 13th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
GDP per capita, US dollars$44,5492024Up 5.5% from 2023The 52nd highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
Real GDP growth5.4%2024Up 1.7 percentage points from 2023Tied for the 21st highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
1,0002,0003,0004,0005,00020012005200920132017202120242001: 1,521.4 USD million2002: 1,637.9 USD million2003: 1,715.2 USD million2004: 1,813.1 USD million2005: 1,928.2 USD million2006: 2,040 USD million2007: 2,055.3 USD million2008: 2,194 USD million2009: 2,130.7 USD million2010: 2,351.7 USD million2011: 2,421.3 USD million2012: 2,568.4 USD million2013: 2,716 USD million2014: 2,801.1 USD million2015: 2,896.6 USD million2016: 2,936.7 USD million2017: 3,002.3 USD million2018: 3,053.4 USD million2019: 3,153.4 USD million2020: 3,074.1 USD million2021: 3,328.3 USD million2022: 3,767.7 USD million2023: 4,119.8 USD million2024: 4,436.2 USD million
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars, 2001 to 2024. USD million. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions).

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions); Invokely, GDP in current dollars (BEA SAGDP2 and CAGDP1) divided by mid-year population (BEA SAINC1 and CAINC1); U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP11: annual percent change in real GDP, all industry total, individual counties and county equivalents. Economy statistics and rankings

Prices and housing

Median home value in Madison County was $232,000 in 2024, up 5.1% from 2023, and the 15th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky.

Median home value$232,0002024Up 5.1% from 2023The 15th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
County house price annual change, sales and refinances4.35%2025Down 2.71 percentage points from 2024The 45th highest of 102 counties in Kentucky in 2022
Median gross rent (monthly)$8892024Up 4.5% from 2023The 27th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
Homeownership rate (US, housing units)62%2024Down 0.4 percentage points from 2023
Housing units authorized by building permits8132025, estimatedDown 0.4% from 2024
160K180K200K220K240K20212022202320242021: 172,000 USD2022: 200,600 USD2023: 220,700 USD2024: 232,000 USD
Median home value, 2021 to 2024. USD. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units; Federal Housing Finance Agency, FHFA developmental all-transactions county house prices, published annual percent change, nominal, not seasonally adjusted; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25064: median gross rent (dollars), renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25003: owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of occupied housing units, calculated with stored inputs; U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey: final annual county estimates of new privately owned housing units authorized, including imputation. Housing statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Employer firms in Madison County were 1,444 in 2023, up 3.4% from 2022, and the 9th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky.

Employer firms1,4442023Up 3.4% from 2022The 9th highest of 120 counties in Kentucky
Establishment entry rate10.383%2023Up 0.39 percentage points from 2022The 35th highest of 118 counties in Kentucky
Establishment exit rate7.046%2023Down 2.5 percentage points from 2022The 37th lowest of 118 counties in Kentucky
Job creation rate12.544%2023Down 0.28 percentage points from 2022
Farms1,1642022No 2021 figure to compare
1,1001,2001,3001,4001,50019992003200720112015201920231999: 1,178 count2000: 1,206 count2001: 1,198 count2002: 1,199 count2003: 1,223 count2004: 1,251 count2005: 1,270 count2006: 1,315 count2007: 1,340 count2008: 1,315 count2009: 1,301 count2010: 1,297 count2011: 1,291 count2012: 1,294 count2013: 1,335 count2014: 1,340 count2015: 1,338 count2016: 1,366 count2017: 1,370 count2018: 1,378 count2019: 1,424 count2020: 1,401 count2021: 1,393 count2022: 1,396 count2023: 1,444 count
Employer firms, 1999 to 2023. count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment entry rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment exit rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Census of Agriculture: number of farms, nation, states and counties (1997 to 2022). Companies statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. U.S. Census Bureau. Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  2. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B01002: median age, total population. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b01002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  3. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex (cc-est agesex): residents aged 65 and over as a percentage of the total, 1 July; states and the nation summed from counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/counties/asrh/cc-est2025-agesex-all.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  4. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B05002: foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b05002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  5. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program resident population on 1 July divided by land area from the latest Census Gazetteer files, persons per km². https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  6. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program: net domestic migration, states and counties, July 1 of the previous year to June 30 of the reported year; vintage 2020 files for 2011 to 2020 and the latest 2020s vintage from 2021. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  7. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted. https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU25-29. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  8. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19013: median household income in the past 12 months. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b19013.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  9. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAINC1: county annual personal income summary, per capita personal income, current dollars, individual counties and county equivalents. https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAINC1.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-11.
  10. U.S. Census Bureau. Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): percent of people of all ages in poverty, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2024/2024-state-and-county/est24all.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  11. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19083: Gini index of household income inequality (coefficient multiplied by 100). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b19083.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  12. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions). https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAGDP1.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  13. Invokely calculation from GDP in current dollars (BEA SAGDP2 and CAGDP1) divided by mid-year population (BEA SAINC1 and CAINC1). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#gdp_per_capita_usd. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  14. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAGDP11: annual percent change in real GDP, all industry total, individual counties and county equivalents. https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAGDP11.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  15. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25077.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  16. Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). FHFA developmental all-transactions county house prices, published annual percent change, nominal, not seasonally adjusted. https://www.fhfa.gov/hpi/download/annual/hpi_at_county.xlsx. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  17. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25064: median gross rent (dollars), renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25064.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  18. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25003: owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of occupied housing units, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25003.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  19. U.S. Census Bureau. Building Permits Survey: final annual county estimates of new privately owned housing units authorized, including imputation. https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/co2025a.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  20. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-11.
  21. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment entry rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  22. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment exit rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  23. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  24. Source: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, Census of Agriculture. Census of Agriculture: number of farms, nation, states and counties (1997 to 2022). Retrieved through Data Commons (datacommons.org). https://www.nass.usda.gov/AgCensus/. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Retrieved through Data Commons (https://datacommons.org).

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