Data / Baltimore city / Profile

Baltimore city in figures

A profile of Baltimore city from official statistics: 26 figures in 6 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Baltimore city was 569,997 in 2025, down less than 0.1% from 2024, and the 5th highest of 24 counties in Maryland.

Population569,9972025Down less than 0.1% from 2024The 5th highest of 24 counties in Maryland
Median age36.2 years2024Up 0.1 years from 2023Tied for the lowest of 24 counties in Maryland
Population aged 65 and over16.4%2025Up 0.3 percentage points from 2024The 4th lowest of 24 counties in Maryland
Foreign-born population share9.3%2024Up 0.5 percentage points from 2023
Population density2,718.8 inhabitants per km²2025Down less than 0.1% from 2024
Net domestic migration, July to June-2,0722025, estimatedCompared with -3,150 in 2024
565K570K575K580K585K2020202120222023202420252020: 583,295 persons2021: 576,503 persons2022: 570,475 persons2023: 567,952 persons2024: 570,053 persons2025: 569,997 persons
Population, 2020 to 2025. persons. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program).

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program); U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B01002: median age, total population; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex (cc-est agesex): residents aged 65 and over as a percentage of the total, 1 July; states and the nation summed from counties; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B05002: foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population, calculated with stored inputs; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program resident population on 1 July divided by land area from the latest Census Gazetteer files, persons per km²; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program: net domestic migration, states and counties, July 1 of the previous year to June 30 of the reported year; vintage 2020 files for 2011 to 2020 and the latest 2020s vintage from 2021. Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Baltimore city was 5.5% (provisional) in August 2026, down 0.5 percentage points from August 2025, and the highest of 24 counties in Maryland.

Unemployment rate5.5%August 2026, provisionalDown 0.5 percentage points from August 2025The highest of 24 counties in Maryland
Median household income$62,1772024Up 4.3% from 2023The 3rd lowest of 24 counties in Maryland
Per capita personal income$69,5642024Up 5% from 2023The 10th lowest of 24 counties in Maryland
Poverty rate (US official measure)18%2024Down 2.2 percentage points from 2023
Gini index50.82024Down 0.6 points from 2023
2345672021-072022-042023-012023-102024-072025-042026-082021-07: 6.7 %2021-08: 6.3 %2021-09: 5.7 %2021-10: 5.5 %2021-11: 4.7 %2021-12: 3.9 %2022-01: 5 %2022-02: 4.6 %2022-03: 4 %2022-04: 3.5 %2022-05: 3.5 %2022-06: 4.1 %2022-07: 4 %2022-08: 4.1 %2022-09: 3.4 %2022-10: 3.6 %2022-11: 3.3 %2022-12: 2.7 %2023-01: 3.5 %2023-02: 3.2 %2023-03: 2.8 %2023-04: 2.1 %2023-05: 2.3 %2023-06: 2.6 %2023-07: 2.8 %2023-08: 3.2 %2023-09: 2.9 %2023-10: 3.4 %2023-11: 3.3 %2023-12: 3.2 %2024-01: 4.2 %2024-02: 4.1 %2024-03: 3.9 %2024-04: 3.6 %2024-05: 3.8 %2024-06: 4.4 %2024-07: 4.7 %2024-08: 4.9 %2024-09: 4.1 %2024-10: 4.5 %2024-11: 4.5 %2024-12: 4.2 %2025-01: 5.1 %2025-02: 5 %2025-03: 4.8 %2025-04: 4.4 %2025-05: 4.9 %2025-06: 5.5 %2025-07: 5.7 %2025-08: 6 %2025-09: 5.5 %2025-11: 5.5 %2025-12: 5 %2026-01: 6.4 %2026-02: 6.2 %2026-03: 5.6 %2026-04: 5.5 %2026-05: 5.4 %2026-06: 5.5 %2026-07: 5.7 %2026-08: 5.5 %
Unemployment rate, July 2021 to August 2026. %. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted.

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19013: median household income in the past 12 months; U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAINC1: county annual personal income summary, per capita personal income, current dollars, individual counties and county equivalents; U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): percent of people of all ages in poverty, states and counties; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19083: Gini index of household income inequality (coefficient multiplied by 100). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (US dollars) in Baltimore city was $65.58 billion in 2024, up 6.2% from 2023, and the 4th highest of 24 counties in Maryland.

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars$65.58 billion2024Up 6.2% from 2023The 4th highest of 24 counties in Maryland
GDP per capita, US dollars$115,4012024Up 6.1% from 2023The 2nd highest of 24 counties in Maryland
Real GDP growth2.6%2024Up 0.8 percentage points from 2023The 9th lowest of 24 counties in Maryland
20K30K40K50K60K70K20012005200920132017202120242001: 29,814.4 USD million2002: 30,073.7 USD million2003: 30,523.5 USD million2004: 31,452.4 USD million2005: 33,244.7 USD million2006: 34,480.1 USD million2007: 34,821.8 USD million2008: 35,461.4 USD million2009: 35,934.1 USD million2010: 37,407.9 USD million2011: 38,285.9 USD million2012: 39,516.2 USD million2013: 40,633.5 USD million2014: 42,145.2 USD million2015: 43,871.1 USD million2016: 46,182.3 USD million2017: 47,896.5 USD million2018: 49,279.7 USD million2019: 49,714.4 USD million2020: 49,224.1 USD million2021: 53,508.5 USD million2022: 57,823.6 USD million2023: 61,733.7 USD million2024: 65,579 USD million
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars, 2001 to 2024. USD million. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions).

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions); Invokely, GDP in current dollars (BEA SAGDP2 and CAGDP1) divided by mid-year population (BEA SAINC1 and CAINC1); U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP11: annual percent change in real GDP, all industry total, individual counties and county equivalents. Economy statistics and rankings

Prices and housing

Median home value in Baltimore city was $229,600 in 2024, up 4.7% from 2023, and the 3rd lowest of 24 counties in Maryland.

Median home value$229,6002024Up 4.7% from 2023The 3rd lowest of 24 counties in Maryland
County house price annual change, sales and refinances2.62%2025Down 0.43 percentage points from 2024The 9th lowest of 24 counties in Maryland
Median gross rent (monthly)$1,3312024Up 3.2% from 2023The 11th lowest of 24 counties in Maryland
Homeownership rate (US, housing units)47.5%2024Down less than 0.1 percentage points from 2023
Housing units authorized by building permits5432025, estimatedDown 57.3% from 2024
160K180K200K220K240K20212022202320242021: 175,300 USD2022: 202,900 USD2023: 219,300 USD2024: 229,600 USD
Median home value, 2021 to 2024. USD. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units; Federal Housing Finance Agency, FHFA developmental all-transactions county house prices, published annual percent change, nominal, not seasonally adjusted; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25064: median gross rent (dollars), renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25003: owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of occupied housing units, calculated with stored inputs; U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey: final annual county estimates of new privately owned housing units authorized, including imputation. Housing statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Employer firms in Baltimore city were 9,331 in 2023, up 0.2% from 2022, and the 5th highest of 24 counties in Maryland.

Employer firms9,3312023Up 0.2% from 2022The 5th highest of 24 counties in Maryland
Establishment entry rate10.21%2023Down 1.79 percentage points from 2022The 8th highest of 24 counties in Maryland
Establishment exit rate10.012%2023Up 0.26 percentage points from 2022The highest of 24 counties in Maryland
Job creation rate11.806%2023Down 1.45 percentage points from 2022
8,9009,0009,1009,2009,3009,4009,50019992003200720112015201920231999: 9,386 count2000: 9,318 count2001: 9,219 count2002: 9,218 count2003: 9,181 count2004: 9,300 count2005: 9,351 count2006: 9,443 count2007: 9,442 count2008: 9,284 count2009: 9,142 count2010: 9,017 count2011: 8,998 count2012: 9,067 count2013: 9,132 count2014: 9,090 count2015: 9,073 count2016: 9,214 count2017: 9,188 count2018: 9,182 count2019: 9,193 count2020: 9,095 count2021: 9,042 count2022: 9,311 count2023: 9,331 count
Employer firms, 1999 to 2023. count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment entry rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment exit rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. Companies statistics and rankings

Energy and environment

Median Air Quality Index (US EPA) in Baltimore city was 43 in 2025, up 1 point from 2024, and the 2nd highest of 16 counties in Maryland.

Median Air Quality Index (US EPA)432025Up 1 point from 2024The 2nd highest of 16 counties in Maryland
Share of days with good air quality (US EPA AQI)68.1%2025Down 2.6 percentage points from 2024The 2nd lowest of 16 counties in Maryland
Average annual temperature57.1 °F2025Down 2.1 °F from 2024Tied for the 8th highest of 24 counties in Maryland
304050607020012005200920132017202120252001: 64 index2002: 63 index2003: 62 index2004: 63 index2005: 65 index2006: 59 index2007: 59 index2008: 58 index2009: 55 index2010: 55 index2011: 56 index2012: 55 index2013: 52 index2014: 52 index2015: 53 index2016: 49 index2017: 46 index2018: 51 index2019: 46 index2020: 38 index2021: 43 index2022: 44 index2023: 44 index2024: 42 index2025: 43 index
Median Air Quality Index (US EPA), 2001 to 2025. index. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA AirData annual AQI by county: median daily AQI.

Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA AirData annual AQI by county: median daily AQI; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA AirData annual AQI by county: good days as a share of days with an AQI, calculated with stored counts; NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December average temperature, counties. Environment and emissions statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. U.S. Census Bureau. Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  2. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B01002: median age, total population. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b01002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  3. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex (cc-est agesex): residents aged 65 and over as a percentage of the total, 1 July; states and the nation summed from counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/counties/asrh/cc-est2025-agesex-all.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  4. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B05002: foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b05002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  5. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program resident population on 1 July divided by land area from the latest Census Gazetteer files, persons per km². https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  6. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program: net domestic migration, states and counties, July 1 of the previous year to June 30 of the reported year; vintage 2020 files for 2011 to 2020 and the latest 2020s vintage from 2021. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  7. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted. https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU25-29. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  8. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19013: median household income in the past 12 months. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b19013.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  9. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAINC1: county annual personal income summary, per capita personal income, current dollars, individual counties and county equivalents. https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAINC1.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-11.
  10. U.S. Census Bureau. Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): percent of people of all ages in poverty, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2024/2024-state-and-county/est24all.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  11. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19083: Gini index of household income inequality (coefficient multiplied by 100). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b19083.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  12. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions). https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAGDP1.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  13. Invokely calculation from GDP in current dollars (BEA SAGDP2 and CAGDP1) divided by mid-year population (BEA SAINC1 and CAINC1). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#gdp_per_capita_usd. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  14. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAGDP11: annual percent change in real GDP, all industry total, individual counties and county equivalents. https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAGDP11.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  15. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25077.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  16. Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). FHFA developmental all-transactions county house prices, published annual percent change, nominal, not seasonally adjusted. https://www.fhfa.gov/hpi/download/annual/hpi_at_county.xlsx. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  17. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25064: median gross rent (dollars), renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25064.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  18. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25003: owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of occupied housing units, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25003.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  19. U.S. Census Bureau. Building Permits Survey: final annual county estimates of new privately owned housing units authorized, including imputation. https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/co2025a.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  20. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-11.
  21. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment entry rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  22. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment exit rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  23. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  24. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System, AirData. EPA AirData annual AQI by county: median daily AQI. https://aqs.epa.gov/aqsweb/airdata/download_files.html#Annual. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  25. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System, AirData. EPA AirData annual AQI by county: good days as a share of days with an AQI, calculated with stored counts. https://aqs.epa.gov/aqsweb/airdata/download_files.html#Annual. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  26. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December average temperature, counties. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/county/mapping. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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