Data / Rankings / Real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth / EU countries

EU countries by real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth

Poland had the highest real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth of 27 EU countries in 2024, at 5.1%. Italy had the lowest, at -1.1%. The median was 0.9% and the figure for the European Union (27) was 0.4%. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

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Highest5.1Poland
Lowest-1.1Italy
Median0.927 EU countries
European Union (27)0.4History

Map of EU countries, 2024

Austria: 0.3 %Belgium: 1 %Bulgaria: 4.4 %Cyprus: 3.2 %Czechia: -0.3 %Germany: -0.3 %Denmark: 3.7 %Estonia: -0.4 %Spain: 0.9 %Finland: 1.8 %France: 0 %Greece: 0.5 %Croatia: 0.3 %Hungary: 1.4 %Ireland: 1.5 %Italy: -1.1 %Lithuania: 0.3 %Luxembourg: 1 %Latvia: 0 %Malta: 1.5 %Netherlands: -0.6 %Poland: 5.1 %Portugal: 1.1 %Romania: -0.9 %Sweden: 2.4 %Slovenia: -0.4 %Slovakia: 2.4 %
  • Under -0.6
  • -0.6 to -0.4
  • -0.4 to 0
  • 0 to 0.9
  • 0.9 to 1.7
  • 1.7 and over
%, 2024. Red areas are below zero and blue areas above it. Source: Eurostat, Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All EU countries, 2024

Poland: 5.1 %Poland5.1Bulgaria: 4.4 %Bulgaria4.4Denmark: 3.7 %Denmark3.7Cyprus: 3.2 %Cyprus3.2Slovakia: 2.4 %Slovakia2.4Sweden: 2.4 %Sweden2.4Finland: 1.8 %Finland1.8Ireland: 1.5 %Ireland1.5Malta: 1.5 %Malta1.5Hungary: 1.4 %Hungary1.4Portugal: 1.1 %Portugal1.1Belgium: 1 %Belgium1Luxembourg: 1 %Luxembourg1Spain: 0.9 %Spain0.9Greece: 0.5 %Greece0.5Austria: 0.3 %Austria0.3Croatia: 0.3 %Croatia0.3Lithuania: 0.3 %Lithuania0.3France: 0 %France0Latvia: 0 %Latvia0Czechia: -0.3 %Czechia-0.3Germany: -0.3 %Germany-0.3Estonia: -0.4 %Estonia-0.4Slovenia: -0.4 %Slovenia-0.4Netherlands: -0.6 %Netherlands-0.6Romania: -0.9 %Romania-0.9Italy: -1.1 %Italy-1.1Poland: 5.1 %Poland5.1Bulgaria: 4.4 %Bulgaria4.4Denmark: 3.7 %Denmark3.7Cyprus: 3.2 %Cyprus3.2Slovakia: 2.4 %Slovakia2.4Sweden: 2.4 %Sweden2.4Finland: 1.8 %Finland1.8Ireland: 1.5 %Ireland1.5Malta: 1.5 %Malta1.5Hungary: 1.4 %Hungary1.4Portugal: 1.1 %Portugal1.1Belgium: 1 %Belgium1Luxembourg: 1 %Luxembourg1Spain: 0.9 %Spain0.9Greece: 0.5 %Greece0.5Austria: 0.3 %Austria0.3Croatia: 0.3 %Croatia0.3Lithuania: 0.3 %Lithuania0.3France: 0 %France0Latvia: 0 %Latvia0Czechia: -0.3 %Czechia-0.3Germany: -0.3 %Germany-0.3Estonia: -0.4 %Estonia-0.4Slovenia: -0.4 %Slovenia-0.4Netherlands: -0.6 %Netherlands-0.6Romania: -0.9 %Romania-0.9Italy: -1.1 %Italy-1.1
%. Source: Eurostat, Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Full ranking

RankEU countries2024 (%)Change on 2023
1Poland5.1+4.3 pts
2Bulgaria4.4+6.2 pts
3Denmark3.7+2.7 pts
4Cyprus Provisional3.2+0.1 pts
5Slovakia2.4+1.1 pts
5Sweden2.4+3.6 pts
7Finland1.8+3.2 pts
8Ireland1.5+6.4 pts
8Malta1.5+1.6 pts
10Hungary1.4+1.6 pts
11Portugal1.1+2.8 pts
12Belgium1+0.3 pts
12Luxembourg Provisional1+2.5 pts
14Spain Provisional0.9+1.2 pts
15Greece Provisional0.5+0.8 pts
16Austria0.3+1.7 pts
16Croatia0.3-1 pts
16Lithuania0.3-0.2 pts
19France Provisional0-0.4 pts
19Latvia0+1 pts
21Czechia-0.3+1.4 pts
21Germany Provisional-0.3+0.9 pts
23Estonia-0.4+5.8 pts
23Slovenia-0.4-3 pts
25Netherlands Provisional-0.6+1.2 pts
26Romania-0.9-5.5 pts
27Italy-1.1+1 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Percentage change from the previous year in real labour productivity per hour worked: gross domestic product in chain-linked volumes divided by total hours worked by all employed people.

From the national accounts (ESA 2010). Ireland's GDP, and with it its productivity, is inflated and made volatile by the activities of multinational companies, notably the move of intellectual property to Ireland in 2015.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the EU countries are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

Eurostat, European Commission. (2026). Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc) (EU countries by real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth, 2024) [Data set]. Retrieved October 18, 2026, from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table

MLA 9

Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc), EU countries by real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth, 2024. Eurostat, European Commission, 16 Oct. 2026, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/real-labour-productivity-per-hour-growth/eu-countries?period=2024. Accessed 18 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Eurostat, European Commission. 2026. Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). EU countries by real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth, 2024. Dataset. Accessed October 18, 2026. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/real-labour-productivity-per-hour-growth/eu-countries?period=2024.

Harvard

Eurostat, European Commission (2026) Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc), EU countries by real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth, 2024 [Dataset]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/real-labour-productivity-per-hour-growth/eu-countries?period=2024 (Accessed: 18 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{eurostat_eu_countries_by_real_2024,
  author = {{Eurostat, European Commission}},
  title = {{Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama\_10\_lp\_ulc): EU countries by real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth, 2024}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table},
  urldate = {2026-10-18},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/real-labour-productivity-per-hour-growth/eu-countries?period=2024. Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama\_10\_lp\_ulc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama\_10\_lp\_ulc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Eurostat, European Commission
TI  - Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc): EU countries by real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth, 2024
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/16
PB  - Eurostat, European Commission
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/real-labour-productivity-per-hour-growth/eu-countries?period=2024
Y2  - 2026/10/18
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/real-labour-productivity-per-hour-growth/eu-countries?period=2024.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Eurostat. Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_lp_ulc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.
ER  -
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Questions

Which EU country has the highest real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth?

Poland, with 5.1% in 2024, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which EU country has the lowest real labour productivity per hour worked, annual growth?

Italy, with -1.1% in 2024.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Labour productivity and unit labour costs, real labour productivity per hour worked, percentage change on previous period (nama_10_lp_ulc). Retrieved 2026-10-18.

EU countries: more rankings