US states by nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing

California had the highest nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing of 51 states in 2023, at $3.16 billion. District of Columbia had the lowest, at $13.22 million. The median was $283.04 million and the figure for the United States was $23.65 billion. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest3,161.8California

Lowest13.2District of Columbia

Median28351 states

United States23,647.7History

Map of states, 2023

Under 90
90 to 170
170 to 280
280 to 410
410 to 650
650 and over

USD million, 2023. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2023

USD million. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2023 USD million	Change on 2022
1	California	3,161.8	-1.6%
2	Texas	2,482.5	+1.3%
3	Florida	2,154.8	+1.2%
4	New York	1,250.6	+4.1%
5	Pennsylvania	1,022.9	+2.2%
6	Ohio	994.5	+4.3%
7	Michigan	759.4	-0.8%
8	Georgia	751.1	-3.7%
9	Illinois	665.6	+2.6%
10	North Carolina	631.8	-0.1%
11	New Jersey	583.2	+5.3%
12	Arizona	517.8	+1.6%
13	Indiana	473.2	+5%
14	Wisconsin	466.4	+1.5%
15	Colorado	459.7	-1.9%
16	Tennessee	447.8	+5.4%
17	Washington	410.2	-0.4%
18	Massachusetts	403.9	-0.6%
19	Missouri	398.3	+2.8%
20	Minnesota	387.8	+1.9%
21	Oregon	373	-2.4%
22	Virginia	344.4	+7.6%
23	Utah	313.9	+5.7%
24	Oklahoma	287.7	+4.2%
25	Alabama	286.4	-0.5%
26	Kentucky	283	+5.4%
27	South Carolina	272.3	-0.5%
28	Connecticut	271.5	+1%
29	Maryland	270.4	+2.7%
30	Louisiana	234.3	-9.3%
31	Nevada	215.4	-3.7%
32	Iowa	182.6	+4%
33	Kansas	180.9	+9.5%
34	Idaho	170.2	+8.6%
35	Arkansas	163.4	+0.8%
36	Mississippi	161.2	+7.2%
37	New Mexico	128.1	+3.4%
38	Montana	123.8	+9.1%
39	New Hampshire	118.1	-2.9%
40	Maine	116	-3.6%
41	Hawaii	111	-0.4%
42	Nebraska	90.3	+2.8%
43	Delaware	87.7	+13.7%
44	Wyoming	73.2	-0.2%
45	Vermont	69.2	-10.7%
46	Alaska	63.9	+13.6%
47	Rhode Island	63.7	-5.5%
48	West Virginia	56.9	+9.1%
49	South Dakota	50.4	+7.1%
50	North Dakota	48.4	+5.1%
51	District of Columbia	13.2	-3.5%

Other periods

About this ranking

Receipts of businesses without paid employees in manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), in millions of current US dollars, from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year. Receipts are published in thousands of dollars with noise added to protect individual businesses, and are not adjusted for inflation.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2025). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes (US states by nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing, 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 15 May 2025, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-manufacturing/us-states?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2025. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes. US states by nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-manufacturing/us-states?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2025) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes, US states by nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-manufacturing/us-states?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing, 2023}},
  year = {2025},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-manufacturing/us-states?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes: US states by nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing, 2023
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/05/15
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-manufacturing/us-states?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-receipts-manufacturing/us-states?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2023/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing?

California, with $3.16 billion in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer business receipts: manufacturing?

District of Columbia, with $13.22 million in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: receipts (RCPTOT), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms and receipts sizes. Retrieved 2026-10-12.