Data / Rankings / Nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing / US states

US states by nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing, 2024

California had the highest nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing of 51 states in 2024, at 362,705. District of Columbia had the lowest, at 6,080. The median was 39,207 and the figure for the United States was 3.26 million. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest362,705California
Lowest6,080District of Columbia
Median39,20751 states
United States3,263,571History

Map of states, 2024

Alabama: 39,171 countAlaska: 6,650 countArizona: 68,404 countArkansas: 23,989 countCalifornia: 362,705 countColorado: 73,551 countConnecticut: 39,207 countDelaware: 13,491 countDistrict of Columbia: 6,080 countFlorida: 360,409 countGeorgia: 99,714 countHawaii: 14,502 countIdaho: 22,139 countIllinois: 104,688 countIndiana: 51,898 countIowa: 28,480 countKansas: 24,787 countKentucky: 34,163 countLouisiana: 39,722 countMaine: 14,546 countMaryland: 55,255 countMassachusetts: 66,692 countMichigan: 87,840 countMinnesota: 48,590 countMississippi: 19,891 countMissouri: 54,717 countMontana: 16,561 countNebraska: 19,982 countNevada: 33,702 countNew Hampshire: 14,902 countNew Jersey: 118,442 countNew Mexico: 13,725 countNew York: 241,853 countNorth Carolina: 100,822 countNorth Dakota: 9,010 countOhio: 93,107 countOklahoma: 32,943 countOregon: 36,996 countPennsylvania: 106,287 countRhode Island: 10,775 countSouth Carolina: 50,452 countSouth Dakota: 11,143 countTennessee: 59,232 countTexas: 272,923 countUtah: 45,431 countVermont: 6,934 countVirginia: 76,341 countWashington: 62,800 countWest Virginia: 9,617 countWisconsin: 45,592 countWyoming: 12,718 count
  • Under 14K
  • 14K to 23K
  • 23K to 39K
  • 39K to 57K
  • 57K to 98K
  • 98K and over
count, 2024. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2024

California: 362,705 countCalifornia362,705Florida: 360,409 countFlorida360,409Texas: 272,923 countTexas272,923New York: 241,853 countNew York241,853New Jersey: 118,442 countNew Jersey118,442Pennsylvania: 106,287 countPennsylvania106,287Illinois: 104,688 countIllinois104,688North Carolina: 100,822 countNorth Carolina100,822Georgia: 99,714 countGeorgia99,714Ohio: 93,107 countOhio93,107Michigan: 87,840 countMichigan87,840Virginia: 76,341 countVirginia76,341Colorado: 73,551 countColorado73,551Arizona: 68,404 countArizona68,404Massachusetts: 66,692 countMassachusetts66,692Washington: 62,800 countWashington62,800Tennessee: 59,232 countTennessee59,232Maryland: 55,255 countMaryland55,255Missouri: 54,717 countMissouri54,717Indiana: 51,898 countIndiana51,898South Carolina: 50,452 countSouth Carolina50,452Minnesota: 48,590 countMinnesota48,590Wisconsin: 45,592 countWisconsin45,592Utah: 45,431 countUtah45,431Louisiana: 39,722 countLouisiana39,722Connecticut: 39,207 countConnecticut39,207Alabama: 39,171 countAlabama39,171Oregon: 36,996 countOregon36,996Kentucky: 34,163 countKentucky34,163Nevada: 33,702 countNevada33,702Oklahoma: 32,943 countOklahoma32,943Iowa: 28,480 countIowa28,480Kansas: 24,787 countKansas24,787Arkansas: 23,989 countArkansas23,989Idaho: 22,139 countIdaho22,139Nebraska: 19,982 countNebraska19,982Mississippi: 19,891 countMississippi19,891Montana: 16,561 countMontana16,561New Hampshire: 14,902 countNew Hampshire14,902Maine: 14,546 countMaine14,546Hawaii: 14,502 countHawaii14,502New Mexico: 13,725 countNew Mexico13,725Delaware: 13,491 countDelaware13,491Wyoming: 12,718 countWyoming12,718South Dakota: 11,143 countSouth Dakota11,143Rhode Island: 10,775 countRhode Island10,775West Virginia: 9,617 countWest Virginia9,617North Dakota: 9,010 countNorth Dakota9,010Vermont: 6,934 countVermont6,934Alaska: 6,650 countAlaska6,650District of Columbia: 6,080 countDistrict of Columbia6,080California: 362,705 countCalifornia362,705Florida: 360,409 countFlorida360,409Texas: 272,923 countTexas272,923New York: 241,853 countNew York241,853New Jersey: 118,442 countNew Jersey118,442Pennsylvania: 106,287 countPennsylvania106,287Illinois: 104,688 countIllinois104,688North Carolina: 100,822 countNorth Carolina100,822Georgia: 99,714 countGeorgia99,714Ohio: 93,107 countOhio93,107Michigan: 87,840 countMichigan87,840Virginia: 76,341 countVirginia76,341Colorado: 73,551 countColorado73,551Arizona: 68,404 countArizona68,404Massachusetts: 66,692 countMassachusetts66,692Washington: 62,800 countWashington62,800Tennessee: 59,232 countTennessee59,232Maryland: 55,255 countMaryland55,255Missouri: 54,717 countMissouri54,717Indiana: 51,898 countIndiana51,898South Carolina: 50,452 countSouth Carolina50,452Minnesota: 48,590 countMinnesota48,590Wisconsin: 45,592 countWisconsin45,592Utah: 45,431 countUtah45,431Louisiana: 39,722 countLouisiana39,722Connecticut: 39,207 countConnecticut39,207Alabama: 39,171 countAlabama39,171Oregon: 36,996 countOregon36,996Kentucky: 34,163 countKentucky34,163Nevada: 33,702 countNevada33,702Oklahoma: 32,943 countOklahoma32,943Iowa: 28,480 countIowa28,480Kansas: 24,787 countKansas24,787Arkansas: 23,989 countArkansas23,989Idaho: 22,139 countIdaho22,139Nebraska: 19,982 countNebraska19,982Mississippi: 19,891 countMississippi19,891Montana: 16,561 countMontana16,561New Hampshire: 14,902 countNew Hampshire14,902Maine: 14,546 countMaine14,546Hawaii: 14,502 countHawaii14,502New Mexico: 13,725 countNew Mexico13,725Delaware: 13,491 countDelaware13,491Wyoming: 12,718 countWyoming12,718South Dakota: 11,143 countSouth Dakota11,143Rhode Island: 10,775 countRhode Island10,775West Virginia: 9,617 countWest Virginia9,617North Dakota: 9,010 countNorth Dakota9,010Vermont: 6,934 countVermont6,934Alaska: 6,650 countAlaska6,650District of Columbia: 6,080 countDistrict of Columbia6,080
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2024
count		Change on 2023
1California362,705+2.1%
2Florida360,409+7.1%
3Texas272,923+5.2%
4New York241,853+2.1%
5New Jersey118,442+1.7%
6Pennsylvania106,287+1.5%
7Illinois104,688+1.4%
8North Carolina100,822+5.3%
9Georgia99,714+4.7%
10Ohio93,107+1.2%
11Michigan87,840+1.7%
12Virginia76,341+1.7%
13Colorado73,551+1.2%
14Arizona68,404+1.3%
15Massachusetts66,692+1.5%
16Washington62,800+1.5%
17Tennessee59,232+1.6%
18Maryland55,255+0.6%
19Missouri54,717+1.2%
20Indiana51,898+2.2%
21South Carolina50,452+8%
22Minnesota48,590+1.5%
23Wisconsin45,592+1%
24Utah45,431+4.3%
25Louisiana39,722+4.7%
26Connecticut39,207+0.1%
27Alabama39,171+1.3%
28Oregon36,996+0.6%
29Kentucky34,163+1.6%
30Nevada33,702+2.7%
31Oklahoma32,943+2%
32Iowa28,480+2.6%
33Kansas24,787+2.5%
34Arkansas23,989+2.1%
35Idaho22,139+2.8%
36Nebraska19,982+2.7%
37Mississippi19,891+2.9%
38Montana16,561+2.1%
39New Hampshire14,902+1.3%
40Maine14,546+1.9%
41Hawaii14,502-1.4%
42New Mexico13,725+1.9%
43Delaware13,491+4.8%
44Wyoming12,718+8.1%
45South Dakota11,143+3.8%
46Rhode Island10,775+0.3%
47West Virginia9,617+1.5%
48North Dakota9,010+2.6%
49Vermont6,934+3%
50Alaska6,650-1.2%
51District of Columbia6,080-0.3%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2024/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing, 2024) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2024/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing, 2024. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Sept. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2024/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-real-estate/us-states. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing, 2024. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2024/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-real-estate/us-states.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing, 2024 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2024/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-real-estate/us-states (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2024,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing, 2024}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2024/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-real-estate/us-states. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2024/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing, 2024
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2024/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-real-estate/us-states
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-real-estate/us-states.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2024/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing?

California, with 362,705 in 2024, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: real estate, rental and leasing?

District of Columbia, with 6,080 in 2024.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), real estate and rental and leasing (NAICS 53), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings