US states by nonemployer businesses: educational services

California had the highest nonemployer businesses: educational services of 51 states in 2018, at 98,922. Wyoming had the lowest, at 1,449. The median was 9,821 and the figure for the United States was 806,465. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest98,922California

Lowest1,449Wyoming

Median9,82151 states

United States806,465History

Map of states, 2018

Under 3,200
3,200 to 5,300
5,300 to 9,800
9,800 to 15K
15K to 26K
26K and over

count, 2018. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2018

count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2018 count	Change on 2017
1	California Series break	98,922	+7.6%
2	Texas Series break	64,475	+10.2%
3	New York Series break	59,557	+6.4%
4	Florida Series break	54,011	+12.9%
5	Illinois Series break	31,618	+5.7%
6	Pennsylvania Series break	30,913	+6.8%
7	Georgia Series break	28,860	+10.8%
8	New Jersey Series break	26,995	+7%
9	Ohio Series break	26,239	+6.3%
10	North Carolina Series break	25,723	+10.3%
11	Michigan Series break	24,528	+8.5%
12	Massachusetts Series break	24,141	+5.1%
13	Virginia Series break	23,907	+9.2%
14	Maryland Series break	19,664	+7%
15	Washington Series break	18,045	+7.9%
16	Colorado Series break	17,800	+8.8%
17	Tennessee Series break	15,161	+11.9%
18	Minnesota Series break	15,056	+5.9%
19	Arizona Series break	15,054	+10.1%
20	Indiana Series break	13,856	+8.5%
21	Missouri Series break	12,243	+14.2%
22	Connecticut Series break	11,490	+3.7%
23	South Carolina Series break	10,898	+13.2%
24	Utah Series break	10,693	+16.9%
25	Wisconsin Series break	10,477	+7.9%
26	Oregon Series break	9,821	+5.9%
27	Alabama Series break	9,241	+12.6%
28	Louisiana Series break	9,010	+11.8%
29	Kentucky Series break	7,782	+11%
30	Oklahoma Series break	6,524	+11.4%
31	Kansas Series break	5,773	+10.8%
32	Iowa Series break	5,428	+8.6%
33	Arkansas Series break	5,422	+10.6%
34	New Mexico Series break	5,402	+6.7%
35	Mississippi Series break	5,118	+4.9%
36	Nevada Series break	4,907	+15.5%
37	Idaho Series break	4,735	+16.9%
38	Nebraska Series break	3,892	+8.5%
39	New Hampshire Series break	3,784	+6.4%
40	Maine Series break	3,273	+5.3%
41	Hawaii Series break	3,252	+10.2%
42	Rhode Island Series break	3,248	+9.1%
43	District of Columbia Series break	3,167	+0.4%
44	West Virginia Series break	2,876	+7.5%
45	Vermont Series break	2,301	+7%
46	Delaware Series break	2,256	+6.1%
47	Montana Series break	2,150	+9.7%
48	Alaska Series break	1,904	+8.4%
49	South Dakota Series break	1,859	+11.3%
50	North Dakota Series break	1,565	+11.1%
51	Wyoming Series break	1,449	+18%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in educational services (NAICS 61), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2020). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: educational services, 2018) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: educational services, 2018. U.S. Census Bureau, 21 May 2020, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-educational-services/us-states?period=2018. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2020. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: educational services, 2018. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-educational-services/us-states?period=2018.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2020) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: educational services, 2018 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-educational-services/us-states?period=2018 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2018,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: educational services, 2018}},
  year = {2020},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-educational-services/us-states?period=2018. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: educational services, 2018
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/05/21
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-educational-services/us-states?period=2018
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-educational-services/us-states?period=2018.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2018/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: educational services?

California, with 98,922 in 2018, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: educational services?

Wyoming, with 1,449 in 2018.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), educational services (NAICS 61), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.