NUTS 3 areas of Germany by natural population change

München, Kreisfreie Stadt had the highest natural population change of 400 areas in 2023, at 2,960. Berlin had the lowest, at -4,353. The median was -656 and the figure for Germany was -335,217. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Highest2,960München, Kreisfreie Stadt

Lowest-4,353Berlin

Median-656400 areas

Germany-335,217History

Top 40 areas, 2023

persons. Source: Eurostat, Population change, natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	Areas	2023 persons	Change on 2022
1	München, Kreisfreie Stadt	2,960	-14.5%
2	Frankfurt am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt	1,077	-23.7%
3	Offenbach am Main, Kreisfreie Stadt	248	+6%
4	Freiburg im Breisgau, Stadtkreis	154	-44.8%
5	Freising	148	-28.2%
6	Vechta	129	+11.2%
7	Tübingen, Landkreis	97	+6.6%
8	Cloppenburg	64	-48%
9	Mainz, Kreisfreie Stadt	42	+4,300%
10	Ingolstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt	26	-46.9%
10	Ulm, Stadtkreis	26	+135.1%
12	Erding	-15	-133.3%
13	Memmingen, Kreisfreie Stadt	-20	+65.5%
14	Eichstätt	-39	-153.4%
15	Rosenheim, Kreisfreie Stadt	-48	-442.9%
16	Pfaffenhofen a. d. Ilm	-68	-240%
17	Biberach	-72	-1,300%
18	Darmstadt, Kreisfreie Stadt	-76	+6.2%
19	Tuttlingen	-77	-352.9%
20	Böblingen	-79	+57.5%
21	Heidelberg, Stadtkreis	-105	-1%
22	Heilbronn, Stadtkreis	-110	+36.4%
23	Erlangen, Kreisfreie Stadt	-116	+20.5%
23	Regensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt	-116	-176.2%
25	Landau in der Pfalz, Kreisfreie Stadt	-118	+17.5%
26	Ebersberg	-121	-5,950%
27	Kaufbeuren, Kreisfreie Stadt	-122	+27.4%
28	Kempten (Allgäu), Kreisfreie Stadt	-128	+13.5%
29	Landsberg am Lech	-129	+30.6%
30	Alb-Donau-Kreis	-130	-44.4%
31	Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Kreisfreie Stadt	-147	-37.4%
31	Neu-Ulm	-147	+33.8%
33	Ansbach, Kreisfreie Stadt	-148	-11.3%
34	Landshut, Landkreis	-153	-84.3%
35	Neumarkt i. d. OPf.	-160	+7%
36	Hohenlohekreis	-165	+32.4%
37	Pforzheim, Stadtkreis	-169	-138%
38	Straubing, Kreisfreie Stadt	-170	+17.9%
38	Zweibrücken, Kreisfreie Stadt	-170	+27.7%
40	Aichach-Friedberg	-172	+14%
40	Kelheim	-172	-41%
42	Frankenthal (Pfalz), Kreisfreie Stadt	-174	+23%
43	Dachau	-185	-17.1%
44	Günzburg	-188	+7.4%
45	Bamberg, Kreisfreie Stadt	-189	+18.5%
46	Sigmaringen	-190	+36%
47	Kaiserslautern, Landkreis	-194	-32%
48	Kitzingen	-198	+32.4%
49	Fürth, Kreisfreie Stadt	-200	-37.9%
50	Neuburg-Schrobenhausen	-201	-28.8%
50	Passau, Kreisfreie Stadt	-201	-11%
52	Neustadt a. d. Waldnaab	-202	-16.8%
53	Schwabach, Kreisfreie Stadt	-204	-102%
54	Worms, Kreisfreie Stadt	-207	+10%
55	Aschaffenburg, Kreisfreie Stadt	-208	+3.3%
55	Donau-Ries	-208	+1%
57	Dillingen a.d. Donau	-213	-42%
58	Speyer, Kreisfreie Stadt	-216	+18.5%
59	Ostallgäu	-221	-108.5%
60	Weiden i. d. Opf, Kreisfreie Stadt	-230	+19.3%
61	Dingolfing-Landau	-234	-28.6%
61	Schwäbisch Hall	-234	+24%
63	Coburg, Kreisfreie Stadt	-238	-5.8%
64	Landshut, Kreisfreie Stadt	-240	-53.8%
65	Straubing-Bogen	-253	-462.2%
66	Mühldorf a. Inn	-263	-20.6%
67	Delmenhorst, Kreisfreie Stadt	-270	-7.6%
68	Alzey-Worms	-276	-2.2%
69	Amberg, Kreisfreie Stadt	-280	+12.2%
70	Haßberge	-285	+0.7%
71	Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen	-287	-64%
72	Lindau (Bodensee)	-293	+14.1%
73	Ludwigsburg	-297	+7.2%
74	Unterallgäu	-301	-38.7%
75	Rottweil	-302	-16.6%
76	Trier, Kreisfreie Stadt	-305	+7.6%
77	Flensburg, Kreisfreie Stadt	-306	+20.7%
78	Emden, Kreisfreie Stadt	-307	-12%
79	Germersheim	-308	+3.1%
80	Würzburg, Landkreis	-310	+2.8%
81	Osnabrück, Kreisfreie Stadt	-318	+18.9%
82	Miesbach	-321	-104.5%
82	Münster, Kreisfreie Stadt	-321	-33.2%
84	Garmisch-Partenkirchen	-323	+23.8%
84	Hof, Kreisfreie Stadt	-323	-3.5%
86	Weilheim-Schongau	-331	+18.9%
87	Stuttgart, Stadtkreis	-332	-161.4%
88	Calw	-337	+0.6%
88	Kaiserslautern, Kreisfreie Stadt	-337	+19.8%
90	Pirmasens, Kreisfreie Stadt	-342	+14.7%
91	Rhön-Grabfeld	-347	-7.4%
92	Bayreuth, Kreisfreie Stadt	-350	+17.3%
93	Ravensburg	-351	-17%
94	Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen	-354	+0.3%
95	Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Kreisfreie Stadt	-356	-13%
96	Amberg-Sulzbach	-364	+4.2%
97	Forchheim	-368	-4.2%
98	Augsburg, Landkreis	-370	+8.4%
99	Kusel	-371	+17.6%
100	Augsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt	-373	+31.4%
101	Jena, Kreisfreie Stadt	-375	+11.8%
102	Emmendingen	-377	-121.8%
103	Freudenstadt	-378	-23.9%
104	Oberallgäu	-381	-30.5%
105	Erlangen-Höchstadt	-382	-43.6%
106	Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm	-384	+12.1%
107	Deggendorf	-388	+9.1%
108	Oldenburg (Oldenburg), Kreisfreie Stadt	-393	-19.5%
108	Regen	-393	+3.2%
110	Grafschaft Bentheim	-401	-37.8%
111	Donnersbergkreis	-402	+11.1%
111	Neustadt a. d. Aisch-Bad Windsheim	-402	+5.4%
113	Vulkaneifel	-403	-8.3%
114	Schweinfurt, Kreisfreie Stadt	-404	-50.2%
115	Würzburg, Kreisfreie Stadt	-406	+8.1%
116	Bamberg, Landkreis	-420	-2.2%
117	Cochem-Zell	-424	+13.5%
118	Groß-Gerau	-425	-20.7%
119	Suhl, Kreisfreie Stadt	-426	+11.4%
120	Paderborn	-434	-35.6%
121	Lüchow-Dannenberg	-436	+15.2%
122	Baden-Baden, Stadtkreis	-442	-12.5%
122	Freyung-Grafenau	-442	-0.2%
124	Roth	-443	-3.5%
125	Regensburg, Landkreis	-444	-51%
125	Wittmund	-444	+2.4%
127	Lichtenfels	-454	+2.4%
127	Schweinfurt, Landkreis	-454	-12.1%
129	Ansbach, Landkreis	-455	+11.3%
129	Traunstein	-455	-7.8%
131	Berchtesgadener Land	-463	-23.1%
131	Heilbronn, Landkreis	-463	-74.7%
133	Altötting	-464	-20.8%
134	Salzgitter, Kreisfreie Stadt	-473	+4.6%
134	Weimar, Kreisfreie Stadt	-473	-1.7%
136	Tirschenreuth	-474	+0.2%
137	Bonn, Kreisfreie Stadt	-481	-51.7%
137	Wiesbaden, Kreisfreie Stadt	-481	-22.1%
139	Koblenz, Kreisfreie Stadt	-483	-6.9%
140	Bremerhaven, Kreisfreie Stadt	-490	-9.4%
141	Kassel, Kreisfreie Stadt	-492	-40.2%
142	Verden	-495	+20.3%
143	Remscheid, Kreisfreie Stadt	-500	-2.7%
144	Kronach	-506	-2.2%
145	Heidenheim	-509	+7.1%
146	Ammerland	-516	-13.2%
146	Fürth, Landkreis	-516	-0.4%
146	Gifhorn	-516	-18.9%
146	Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis	-516	+25.2%
150	Bodenseekreis	-517	-9.8%
151	Aschaffenburg, Landkreis	-519	-2%
152	Kulmbach	-522	+4.7%
153	Potsdam, Kreisfreie Stadt	-524	-58.3%
153	Wesermarsch	-524	+5.8%
155	Fürstenfeldbruck	-526	-28.6%
155	Rottal-Inn	-526	-11%
157	Neumünster, Kreisfreie Stadt	-527	+7.2%
158	Main-Taunus-Kreis	-530	+0.7%
158	Sömmerda	-530	+10.5%
160	Bad Kissingen	-532	+6.8%
161	Trier-Saarburg	-537	+14.6%
162	Fulda	-538	+22.1%
162	Mannheim, Stadtkreis	-538	-30.6%
164	Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis	-543	+5.7%
165	Birkenfeld	-547	-1.5%
165	Bottrop, Kreisfreie Stadt	-547	+13.2%
167	Wolfsburg, Kreisfreie Stadt	-548	-16.8%
168	Bayreuth, Landkreis	-551	-18%
168	Weimarer Land	-551	-5.2%
170	Südliche Weinstraße	-555	-4.3%
171	Coburg, Landkreis	-557	+6.1%
172	Starnberg	-558	+6.1%
173	Leverkusen, Kreisfreie Stadt	-565	+1.1%
173	Oldenburg, Landkreis	-565	-56.1%
175	Reutlingen	-566	-30.1%
176	Enzkreis	-569	-66.9%
177	Main-Tauber-Kreis	-573	+10.7%
178	Odenwaldkreis	-574	-4.6%
179	Eichsfeld	-591	-4.4%
179	Frankfurt (Oder), Kreisfreie Stadt	-591	-2.1%
181	Cham	-593	-8.4%
182	Miltenberg	-600	-16.7%
183	Olpe	-606	-21.4%
184	Ostalbkreis	-607	+3%
185	Hildburghausen	-614	+7.9%
186	Ahrweiler	-616	-2%
187	Karlsruhe, Stadtkreis	-621	+5.5%
188	Sonneberg	-622	-0.2%
189	München, Landkreis	-637	-1.1%
190	Holzminden	-639	+6.6%
191	Lüneburg, Landkreis	-640	+11.4%
191	Wilhelmshaven, Kreisfreie Stadt	-640	+5.6%
193	Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald	-641	-24.7%
194	Osterholz	-643	+4.9%
195	Schwandorf	-646	-39.8%
195	Südwestpfalz	-646	+9.9%
197	Wunsiedel i. Fichtelgebirge	-649	+13.1%
198	Peine	-652	-5.8%
199	Bernkastel-Wittlich	-654	-8.3%
200	Helmstedt	-655	+9.3%
201	Göppingen	-657	+16.4%
202	Saale-Holzland-Kreis	-658	+0.3%
203	Altenkirchen (Westerwald)	-659	+8.6%
204	St. Wendel	-671	+13.2%
205	Zollernalbkreis	-681	+9%
206	Main-Spessart	-683	-12.3%
207	Neuwied	-684	+0.9%
207	Rhein-Lahn-Kreis	-684	+11.7%
209	Emsland	-691	-45.2%
210	Coesfeld	-696	-10.8%
211	Kiel, Kreisfreie Stadt	-699	+3.5%
212	Hersfeld-Rotenburg	-700	-4.5%
213	Vogelsbergkreis	-707	-3.8%
214	Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis	-710	-34.2%
215	Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis	-715	-10%
216	Rotenburg (Wümme)	-721	-1.4%
217	Mainz-Bingen	-725	-25.6%
218	Gießen, Landkreis	-735	-70.1%
219	Offenbach, Landkreis	-742	+13.9%
220	Borken	-745	+9.5%
221	Leer	-752	+4.7%
222	Merzig-Wadern	-753	+12.9%
223	Hamm, Kreisfreie Stadt	-754	+3.6%
224	Rosenheim, Landkreis	-755	-47.2%
225	Friesland (DE)	-759	-4.8%
226	Bad Dürkheim	-763	+6.4%
227	Waldshut	-769	+8.8%
228	Solingen, Kreisfreie Stadt	-780	+8.3%
229	Heidekreis	-783	+4.3%
230	Steinburg	-786	+13.1%
231	Euskirchen	-788	+4.3%
231	Höxter	-788	-1.4%
233	Nienburg (Weser)	-789	-2.5%
234	Brandenburg an der Havel, Kreisfreie Stadt	-790	-9.9%
235	Cottbus, Kreisfreie Stadt	-795	+6.4%
235	Passau, Landkreis	-795	-13.6%
237	Altmarkkreis Salzwedel	-796	-9.3%
238	Bielefeld, Kreisfreie Stadt	-809	0%
238	Schwerin, Kreisfreie Stadt	-809	0%
240	Saale-Orla-Kreis	-812	+1.6%
241	Lörrach	-820	-30.6%
242	Esslingen	-823	+13.3%
243	Hagen, Kreisfreie Stadt	-824	+6.7%
244	Bad Kreuznach	-828	+6%
245	Gütersloh	-831	-15.7%
246	Nürnberger Land	-834	+5.7%
247	Uelzen	-837	-13.3%
248	Gelsenkirchen, Kreisfreie Stadt	-847	+1.1%
249	Mülheim an der Ruhr, Kreisfreie Stadt	-872	+8.9%
250	Limburg-Weilburg	-878	-1.2%

Showing the top 250 of 400. The Excel download has every row.

Other periods

About this ranking

Live births minus deaths during the year. A negative value means more deaths than births (Eurostat).

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the areas are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Eurostat. Population change, natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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Rank NUTS 3 areas of Germany by natural population change using official data, and cite the source.

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Questions

Which area has the highest natural population change?

München, Kreisfreie Stadt, with 2,960 in 2023, according to Eurostat, European Commission.

Which area has the lowest natural population change?

Berlin, with -4,353 in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Retrieved 2026-10-12.