Data / Rankings / Median household income (US single-year estimate) / US states

US states by median household income (US single-year estimate)

District of Columbia had the highest median household income (US single-year estimate) of 51 states in 2023, at $104,643. Mississippi had the lowest, at $54,386. The median was $74,727 and the figure for the United States was $77,719. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest104,643District of Columbia
Lowest54,386Mississippi
Median74,72751 states
United States77,719History

Map of states, 2023

Alabama: 62,248 USDAlaska: 88,696 USDArizona: 77,158 USDArkansas: 58,748 USDCalifornia: 95,473 USDColorado: 92,790 USDConnecticut: 91,477 USDDelaware: 81,615 USDDistrict of Columbia: 104,643 USDFlorida: 73,283 USDGeorgia: 74,521 USDHawaii: 96,716 USDIdaho: 74,859 USDIllinois: 80,346 USDIndiana: 69,458 USDIowa: 71,662 USDKansas: 70,316 USDKentucky: 61,099 USDLouisiana: 58,273 USDMaine: 73,463 USDMaryland: 98,568 USDMassachusetts: 99,750 USDMichigan: 69,097 USDMinnesota: 85,070 USDMississippi: 54,386 USDMissouri: 68,484 USDMontana: 70,939 USDNebraska: 74,727 USDNevada: 76,332 USDNew Hampshire: 97,031 USDNew Jersey: 99,716 USDNew Mexico: 62,286 USDNew York: 82,052 USDNorth Carolina: 70,838 USDNorth Dakota: 77,346 USDOhio: 67,873 USDOklahoma: 62,120 USDOregon: 80,061 USDPennsylvania: 73,826 USDRhode Island: 83,518 USDSouth Carolina: 67,988 USDSouth Dakota: 72,794 USDTennessee: 67,651 USDTexas: 75,778 USDUtah: 93,030 USDVermont: 80,626 USDVirginia: 89,864 USDWashington: 94,553 USDWest Virginia: 55,875 USDWisconsin: 74,671 USDWyoming: 73,558 USD
  • Under 68K
  • 68K to 71K
  • 71K to 75K
  • 75K to 81K
  • 81K to 93K
  • 93K and over
USD, 2023. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2023

District of Columbia: 104,643 USDDistrict of Columbia104,643Massachusetts: 99,750 USDMassachusetts99,750New Jersey: 99,716 USDNew Jersey99,716Maryland: 98,568 USDMaryland98,568New Hampshire: 97,031 USDNew Hampshire97,031Hawaii: 96,716 USDHawaii96,716California: 95,473 USDCalifornia95,473Washington: 94,553 USDWashington94,553Utah: 93,030 USDUtah93,030Colorado: 92,790 USDColorado92,790Connecticut: 91,477 USDConnecticut91,477Virginia: 89,864 USDVirginia89,864Alaska: 88,696 USDAlaska88,696Minnesota: 85,070 USDMinnesota85,070Rhode Island: 83,518 USDRhode Island83,518New York: 82,052 USDNew York82,052Delaware: 81,615 USDDelaware81,615Vermont: 80,626 USDVermont80,626Illinois: 80,346 USDIllinois80,346Oregon: 80,061 USDOregon80,061North Dakota: 77,346 USDNorth Dakota77,346Arizona: 77,158 USDArizona77,158Nevada: 76,332 USDNevada76,332Texas: 75,778 USDTexas75,778Idaho: 74,859 USDIdaho74,859Nebraska: 74,727 USDNebraska74,727Wisconsin: 74,671 USDWisconsin74,671Georgia: 74,521 USDGeorgia74,521Pennsylvania: 73,826 USDPennsylvania73,826Wyoming: 73,558 USDWyoming73,558Maine: 73,463 USDMaine73,463Florida: 73,283 USDFlorida73,283South Dakota: 72,794 USDSouth Dakota72,794Iowa: 71,662 USDIowa71,662Montana: 70,939 USDMontana70,939North Carolina: 70,838 USDNorth Carolina70,838Kansas: 70,316 USDKansas70,316Indiana: 69,458 USDIndiana69,458Michigan: 69,097 USDMichigan69,097Missouri: 68,484 USDMissouri68,484South Carolina: 67,988 USDSouth Carolina67,988Ohio: 67,873 USDOhio67,873Tennessee: 67,651 USDTennessee67,651New Mexico: 62,286 USDNew Mexico62,286Alabama: 62,248 USDAlabama62,248Oklahoma: 62,120 USDOklahoma62,120Kentucky: 61,099 USDKentucky61,099Arkansas: 58,748 USDArkansas58,748Louisiana: 58,273 USDLouisiana58,273West Virginia: 55,875 USDWest Virginia55,875Mississippi: 54,386 USDMississippi54,386District of Columbia: 104,643 USDDistrict of Columbia104,643Massachusetts: 99,750 USDMassachusetts99,750New Jersey: 99,716 USDNew Jersey99,716Maryland: 98,568 USDMaryland98,568New Hampshire: 97,031 USDNew Hampshire97,031Hawaii: 96,716 USDHawaii96,716California: 95,473 USDCalifornia95,473Washington: 94,553 USDWashington94,553Utah: 93,030 USDUtah93,030Colorado: 92,790 USDColorado92,790Connecticut: 91,477 USDConnecticut91,477Virginia: 89,864 USDVirginia89,864Alaska: 88,696 USDAlaska88,696Minnesota: 85,070 USDMinnesota85,070Rhode Island: 83,518 USDRhode Island83,518New York: 82,052 USDNew York82,052Delaware: 81,615 USDDelaware81,615Vermont: 80,626 USDVermont80,626Illinois: 80,346 USDIllinois80,346Oregon: 80,061 USDOregon80,061North Dakota: 77,346 USDNorth Dakota77,346Arizona: 77,158 USDArizona77,158Nevada: 76,332 USDNevada76,332Texas: 75,778 USDTexas75,778Idaho: 74,859 USDIdaho74,859Nebraska: 74,727 USDNebraska74,727Wisconsin: 74,671 USDWisconsin74,671Georgia: 74,521 USDGeorgia74,521Pennsylvania: 73,826 USDPennsylvania73,826Wyoming: 73,558 USDWyoming73,558Maine: 73,463 USDMaine73,463Florida: 73,283 USDFlorida73,283South Dakota: 72,794 USDSouth Dakota72,794Iowa: 71,662 USDIowa71,662Montana: 70,939 USDMontana70,939North Carolina: 70,838 USDNorth Carolina70,838Kansas: 70,316 USDKansas70,316Indiana: 69,458 USDIndiana69,458Michigan: 69,097 USDMichigan69,097Missouri: 68,484 USDMissouri68,484South Carolina: 67,988 USDSouth Carolina67,988Ohio: 67,873 USDOhio67,873Tennessee: 67,651 USDTennessee67,651New Mexico: 62,286 USDNew Mexico62,286Alabama: 62,248 USDAlabama62,248Oklahoma: 62,120 USDOklahoma62,120Kentucky: 61,099 USDKentucky61,099Arkansas: 58,748 USDArkansas58,748Louisiana: 58,273 USDLouisiana58,273West Virginia: 55,875 USDWest Virginia55,875Mississippi: 54,386 USDMississippi54,386
USD. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2023
USD		Change on 2022
1District of Columbia104,643+4.8%
2Massachusetts99,750+5.5%
3New Jersey99,716+3.5%
4Maryland98,568+3.8%
5New Hampshire97,031+6.9%
6Hawaii96,716+3.2%
7California95,473+4.3%
8Washington94,553+3.6%
9Utah93,030+5.1%
10Colorado92,790+4.1%
11Connecticut91,477+3.7%
12Virginia89,864+4.7%
13Alaska88,696+0.7%
14Minnesota85,070+3.3%
15Rhode Island83,518+3.3%
16New York82,052+3.3%
17Delaware81,615-0.4%
18Vermont80,626+8.1%
19Illinois80,346+4.7%
20Oregon80,061+5.8%
21North Dakota77,346+5.6%
22Arizona77,158+3.8%
23Nevada76,332+5.5%
24Texas75,778+4.8%
25Idaho74,859+3.1%
26Nebraska74,727+7%
27Wisconsin74,671+5.1%
28Georgia74,521+2.4%
29Pennsylvania73,826+2.8%
30Wyoming73,558+3.2%
31Maine73,463+5.7%
32Florida73,283+5.8%
33South Dakota72,794+3.1%
34Iowa71,662+2.8%
35Montana70,939+4.5%
36North Carolina70,838+4.9%
37Kansas70,316+2.2%
38Indiana69,458+4%
39Michigan69,097+3.2%
40Missouri68,484+5.7%
41South Carolina67,988+5.9%
42Ohio67,873+3.2%
43Tennessee67,651+3.7%
44New Mexico62,286+4.1%
45Alabama62,248+4.3%
46Oklahoma62,120+4.2%
47Kentucky61,099+3.1%
48Arkansas58,748+5.8%
49Louisiana58,273+5.1%
50West Virginia55,875+3.3%
51Mississippi54,386+3%

Other periods

About this ranking

Household income at the middle of the distribution for one year, in US dollars of that year. United States: Census Bureau Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) for the nation, states and counties.

A model-based estimate that combines the one-year American Community Survey with federal tax records and other administrative data, so every county gets a figure for a single year. The national figure is the one-year ACS estimate. Not adjusted for inflation between years. The Census Bureau advises comparing years from 2006 on only. For the five-year ACS median, which also covers cities, use median_household_income.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2023/2023-state-and-county/est23all.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties (US states by median household income (US single-year estimate), 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2023/2023-state-and-county/est23all.txt

MLA 9

Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties, US states by median household income (US single-year estimate), 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 27 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2023/2023-state-and-county/est23all.txt. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/median-household-income-single-year-us/us-states?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties. US states by median household income (US single-year estimate), 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2023/2023-state-and-county/est23all.txt. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/median-household-income-single-year-us/us-states?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties, US states by median household income (US single-year estimate), 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2023/2023-state-and-county/est23all.txt, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/median-household-income-single-year-us/us-states?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_median_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties: US states by median household income (US single-year estimate), 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2023/2023-state-and-county/est23all.txt},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/median-household-income-single-year-us/us-states?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2023/2023-state-and-county/est23all.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties: US states by median household income (US single-year estimate), 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/27
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2023/2023-state-and-county/est23all.txt
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/median-household-income-single-year-us/us-states?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/median-household-income-single-year-us/us-states?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2023/2023-state-and-county/est23all.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest median household income (US single-year estimate)?

District of Columbia, with $104,643 in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest median household income (US single-year estimate)?

Mississippi, with $54,386 in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): median household income, nation, states and counties. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Median household income (US single-year estimate): other rankings

US states: more rankings