Cities in Texas by population speaking a language other than English at home
Hidalgo, TX had the highest population speaking a language other than English at home of 256 cities in 2023, at 93.8%. Lumberton, TX had the lowest, at 3.3%. The median was 24.9% and the figure for Texas was 34.9%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.
Top 40 cities, 2023
Full ranking
| Rank | Cities | 2023 (%) | Change on 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hidalgo, TX | 93.8 | -1.8 pts |
| 2 | Roma, TX | 93.2 | -2 pts |
| 3 | San Elizario, TX | 91.1 | -2.4 pts |
| 4 | Rio Grande City, TX | 89.7 | +1.4 pts |
| 5 | Alton, TX | 88.9 | +0.9 pts |
| 6 | Laredo, TX | 88.1 | -0.4 pts |
| 7 | Eagle Pass, TX | 86.7 | +0.2 pts |
| 8 | Socorro, TX | 84.4 | -2.9 pts |
| 9 | Brownsville, TX | 84.4 | -0.7 pts |
| 10 | Palmview, TX | 83.1 | -3.7 pts |
| 11 | Pharr, TX | 81.8 | -1.9 pts |
| 12 | San Juan, TX | 81.6 | -0.2 pts |
| 13 | Galena Park, TX | 80.1 | -1.9 pts |
| 14 | Mission, TX | 78.9 | -2.2 pts |
| 15 | Donna, TX | 75.4 | -4.6 pts |
| 16 | Mercedes, TX | 74.3 | -4 pts |
| 17 | South Houston, TX | 73.7 | +1.8 pts |
| 18 | McAllen, TX | 73.6 | -1.1 pts |
| 19 | Horizon City, TX | 73.4 | -3.9 pts |
| 20 | Edinburg, TX | 72.2 | -0.1 pts |
| 21 | Weslaco, TX | 71.2 | -2.4 pts |
| 22 | Alamo, TX | 69.8 | -3.6 pts |
| 23 | Del Rio, TX | 66.4 | -1 pts |
| 23 | El Paso, TX | 66.4 | -0.6 pts |
| 25 | Town of Pecos, TX | 63.8 | +8.9 pts |
| 26 | Robstown, TX | 62.3 | +1.2 pts |
| 27 | San Benito, TX | 61.2 | +3.4 pts |
| 28 | Irving, TX | 60.5 | -0 pts |
| 29 | Hereford, TX | 58.1 | +0.9 pts |
| 30 | Raymondville, TX | 58.1 | +0.4 pts |
| 31 | Uvalde, TX | 53.4 | +1 pts |
| 32 | Alice, TX | 53 | +2 pts |
| 33 | Garland, TX | 52.4 | +0.5 pts |
| 34 | Pasadena, TX | 51.4 | +3.8 pts |
| 35 | Humble, TX | 49.5 | +9.7 pts |
| 36 | Farmers Branch, TX | 49.2 | +1 pts |
| 37 | Stafford, TX | 48.1 | 0 pts |
| 38 | Harlingen, TX | 48.1 | +0.1 pts |
| 39 | Manor, TX | 47.3 | -9.5 pts |
| 40 | Houston, TX | 47.2 | -1 pts |
| 40 | Mount Pleasant, TX | 47.2 | +3 pts |
| 42 | Rosenberg, TX | 46.6 | -1.2 pts |
| 43 | Balch Springs, TX | 44.8 | -2.7 pts |
| 44 | Grand Prairie, TX | 44.4 | -0.2 pts |
| 45 | Dumas, TX | 44 | -3.4 pts |
| 46 | Port Lavaca, TX | 43.9 | +7.4 pts |
| 47 | Leon Valley, TX | 43.8 | +5.4 pts |
| 48 | Haltom City, TX | 43.6 | -3.4 pts |
| 49 | Sugar Land, TX | 43.1 | +0.8 pts |
| 50 | Odessa, TX | 42.8 | -0.5 pts |
| 51 | Bellmead, TX | 42.8 | +0.6 pts |
| 52 | Forest Hill, TX | 42.7 | -0.1 pts |
| 53 | Baytown, TX | 42.2 | -0.8 pts |
| 54 | Seagoville, TX | 41.7 | -2.9 pts |
| 55 | Mesquite, TX | 41.4 | +0.5 pts |
| 56 | Dallas, TX | 41.1 | -1.2 pts |
| 57 | San Antonio, TX | 40.4 | -1 pts |
| 58 | Coppell, TX | 39.7 | +0.7 pts |
| 59 | Carrollton, TX | 39.6 | -0.7 pts |
| 60 | Plainview, TX | 38.2 | -2.9 pts |
| 61 | Plano, TX | 37.5 | +0.8 pts |
| 62 | Clute, TX | 37.3 | -1.7 pts |
| 63 | Andrews, TX | 37.3 | +2.5 pts |
| 64 | Port Arthur, TX | 36.4 | +1.2 pts |
| 65 | Lewisville, TX | 36.3 | +3 pts |
| 66 | Beeville, TX | 35.8 | -1.1 pts |
| 67 | Arlington, TX | 35.5 | +0.5 pts |
| 68 | Richmond, TX | 35.5 | +1 pts |
| 69 | Duncanville, TX | 35.1 | +2 pts |
| 70 | Freeport, TX | 35 | +2.3 pts |
| 70 | Murphy, TX | 35 | +0.4 pts |
| 72 | Bay City, TX | 34.3 | -0.8 pts |
| 73 | Liberty Hill, TX | 34.1 | +1.3 pts |
| 74 | Big Spring, TX | 34 | +2.5 pts |
| 74 | Kingsville, TX | 34 | -3 pts |
| 76 | Pleasanton, TX | 33.9 | -2.9 pts |
| 77 | Ennis, TX | 33.9 | -1.5 pts |
| 78 | Richardson, TX | 33.7 | +0.4 pts |
| 79 | Fulshear, TX | 33.5 | -4.2 pts |
| 80 | Frisco, TX | 32.8 | +1.8 pts |
| 81 | Fort Worth, TX | 32.5 | +0.2 pts |
| 82 | El Campo, TX | 32.3 | +0.8 pts |
| 83 | Corsicana, TX | 32.2 | -1.1 pts |
| 84 | Elgin, TX | 32.1 | -7.1 pts |
| 85 | Seguin, TX | 31.9 | -0.2 pts |
| 86 | Corpus Christi, TX | 31.9 | -1.4 pts |
| 87 | Bryan, TX | 31.8 | +1.5 pts |
| 88 | Midland, TX | 31.6 | -0.3 pts |
| 89 | Missouri City, TX | 31.3 | +1.1 pts |
| 90 | Pearland, TX | 30.3 | +0.3 pts |
| 91 | Little Elm, TX | 30.2 | +1.5 pts |
| 92 | Wylie, TX | 30.1 | +2.3 pts |
| 93 | Katy, TX | 30.1 | +1.1 pts |
| 94 | Sachse, TX | 30 | +3.1 pts |
| 95 | Austin, TX | 29.8 | -0.3 pts |
| 96 | Allen, TX | 29.7 | +0.8 pts |
| 97 | Jacksonville, TX | 29.4 | -2.6 pts |
| 98 | Euless, TX | 29 | -0.5 pts |
| 99 | Lockhart, TX | 29 | +1.7 pts |
| 100 | Addison, TX | 28.7 | -0.6 pts |
| 101 | Kyle, TX | 28.5 | -2.8 pts |
| 102 | Conroe, TX | 28.5 | +1.7 pts |
| 103 | Groves, TX | 28.4 | +3.6 pts |
| 104 | Bellaire, TX | 28.4 | -0.4 pts |
| 105 | Athens, TX | 28.1 | +2 pts |
| 106 | Victoria, TX | 28 | -0.1 pts |
| 107 | Dickinson, TX | 28 | -2.2 pts |
| 108 | Princeton, TX | 28 | +2.5 pts |
| 109 | Lufkin, TX | 27.8 | -1.1 pts |
| 110 | Levelland, TX | 27.8 | -5.3 pts |
| 110 | Pflugerville, TX | 27.8 | -0.1 pts |
| 112 | Webster, TX | 27.6 | -3.3 pts |
| 113 | Taylor, TX | 27.6 | +1.7 pts |
| 114 | Converse, TX | 27.4 | -1.4 pts |
| 115 | Round Rock, TX | 27.3 | +0.7 pts |
| 116 | White Settlement, TX | 26.9 | +0.6 pts |
| 117 | Terrell, TX | 26.8 | +4.4 pts |
| 118 | Snyder, TX | 26.7 | +0.1 pts |
| 119 | Kaufman, TX | 26.7 | -0.6 pts |
| 120 | Alvin, TX | 26.6 | -2.5 pts |
| 121 | San Marcos, TX | 26.4 | -2.4 pts |
| 122 | Hutto, TX | 26.2 | +0.1 pts |
| 123 | Sweetwater, TX | 26 | -1.3 pts |
| 124 | Galveston, TX | 25.9 | -0.1 pts |
| 125 | Hurst, TX | 25.8 | +1 pts |
| 126 | McKinney, TX | 25.1 | -0.1 pts |
| 127 | Leander, TX | 25 | +3.2 pts |
| 128 | Cedar Park, TX | 25 | +1.1 pts |
| 129 | Cleburne, TX | 24.8 | +3.3 pts |
| 130 | San Angelo, TX | 24.3 | -0.9 pts |
| 131 | Killeen, TX | 23.6 | -0.5 pts |
| 132 | Live Oak, TX | 23.4 | +0.1 pts |
| 133 | Dayton, TX | 23.3 | -1.3 pts |
| 134 | Celina, TX | 23.2 | +4.7 pts |
| 134 | Kilgore, TX | 23.2 | +1.9 pts |
| 136 | Cedar Hill, TX | 23.2 | +0.8 pts |
| 136 | Iowa Colony, TX | 23.2 | -3.7 pts |
| 138 | Pampa, TX | 23.1 | +0.5 pts |
| 139 | Amarillo, TX | 23.1 | -0.6 pts |
| 140 | Ingleside, TX | 23 | +1.6 pts |
| 141 | Glenn Heights, TX | 23 | +3.1 pts |
| 141 | La Porte, TX | 23 | -0.3 pts |
| 143 | Grapevine, TX | 22.9 | +0.3 pts |
| 144 | Universal City, TX | 22.8 | +0.1 pts |
| 145 | Texas City, TX | 22.8 | +0.7 pts |
| 146 | The Colony, TX | 22.3 | +0.1 pts |
| 147 | Waco, TX | 22.2 | -0.7 pts |
| 148 | Helotes, TX | 22.2 | +2.9 pts |
| 148 | Saginaw, TX | 22.2 | +2.1 pts |
| 150 | Crowley, TX | 22.2 | +1 pts |
| 151 | Denton, TX | 22.1 | +0.2 pts |
| 152 | Roanoke, TX | 22 | -3.8 pts |
| 152 | Rowlett, TX | 22 | -2 pts |
| 154 | Tyler, TX | 21.8 | +1.5 pts |
| 155 | Providence Village, TX | 21.8 | +4.9 pts |
| 156 | Fate, TX | 21.5 | +1.7 pts |
| 157 | La Marque, TX | 21.5 | +0.5 pts |
| 158 | Huntsville, TX | 21.5 | +1.4 pts |
| 159 | Anna, TX | 21.4 | -0.8 pts |
| 160 | Gainesville, TX | 21.4 | -1.9 pts |
| 161 | Watauga, TX | 21.2 | +2.4 pts |
| 162 | Flower Mound, TX | 21.2 | +1.4 pts |
| 163 | Portland, TX | 21.2 | -0.8 pts |
| 164 | College Station, TX | 20.9 | -0.4 pts |
| 165 | Borger, TX | 20.8 | +2.4 pts |
| 165 | West University Place, TX | 20.8 | +1.1 pts |
| 167 | Belton, TX | 20.8 | +0.7 pts |
| 168 | Lancaster, TX | 20.6 | +0.9 pts |
| 169 | Lubbock, TX | 20.5 | -0.7 pts |
| 170 | Beaumont, TX | 20.3 | +0.3 pts |
| 171 | Gatesville, TX | 20.1 | +1.5 pts |
| 172 | Deer Park, TX | 20.1 | -2.6 pts |
| 173 | Angleton, TX | 20 | -0.9 pts |
| 174 | Brownwood, TX | 19.9 | -2.4 pts |
| 175 | Josephine, TX | 19.9 | +2.8 pts |
| 176 | Manvel, TX | 19.8 | -0.4 pts |
| 177 | Bonham, TX | 19.7 | +0.6 pts |
| 178 | Tomball, TX | 19.6 | -0.5 pts |
| 179 | Melissa, TX | 19.5 | +2.9 pts |
| 180 | Buda, TX | 19.5 | +1.8 pts |
| 181 | Longview, TX | 19.4 | +0.1 pts |
| 182 | Lago Vista, TX | 19.3 | +1.2 pts |
| 183 | New Braunfels, TX | 19.3 | -1.8 pts |
| 184 | Royse City, TX | 19.2 | +0.9 pts |
| 185 | Mont Belvieu, TX | 19.1 | +4.4 pts |
| 186 | Seabrook, TX | 19.1 | -1 pts |
| 187 | Schertz, TX | 18.9 | -1 pts |
| 188 | Southlake, TX | 18.4 | -1.1 pts |
| 189 | Bastrop, TX | 18.4 | +1.1 pts |
| 190 | League City, TX | 18.3 | +0.3 pts |
| 191 | Bedford, TX | 18.2 | -0.2 pts |
| 192 | Greenville, TX | 18.2 | +0.1 pts |
| 193 | Abilene, TX | 18.1 | -0.6 pts |
| 194 | Palestine, TX | 18.1 | +5.3 pts |
| 195 | Mineral Wells, TX | 18 | -1.3 pts |
| 196 | Lake Jackson, TX | 17.9 | -3.6 pts |
| 197 | Kennedale, TX | 17.9 | -3.4 pts |
| 198 | Mansfield, TX | 17.9 | -0.6 pts |
| 199 | Northlake, TX | 17.8 | -1.9 pts |
| 200 | North Richland Hills, TX | 17.8 | -1.4 pts |
| 201 | Sherman, TX | 17.8 | -2.1 pts |
| 202 | Harker Heights, TX | 17.5 | -1.5 pts |
| 203 | DeSoto, TX | 17.5 | +3 pts |
| 204 | Temple, TX | 17.3 | +1.2 pts |
| 205 | Prosper, TX | 17.3 | +1.2 pts |
| 206 | Brenham, TX | 17.2 | +0.8 pts |
| 207 | Lavon, TX | 17.1 | +4 pts |
| 208 | Boerne, TX | 16.9 | +0.9 pts |
| 209 | Selma, TX | 16.8 | -2.1 pts |
| 210 | Red Oak, TX | 16.5 | +3.2 pts |
| 211 | Henderson, TX | 16.2 | -0.9 pts |
| 212 | Corinth, TX | 15.9 | +2.8 pts |
| 213 | Marshall, TX | 15.8 | +0.9 pts |
| 214 | Georgetown, TX | 15.8 | +0.4 pts |
| 215 | Rockwall, TX | 15.7 | +1.4 pts |
| 216 | Waxahachie, TX | 15.6 | +0.3 pts |
| 217 | Cibolo, TX | 15.5 | +1.4 pts |
| 218 | Sulphur Springs, TX | 15.4 | +1 pts |
| 219 | Wichita Falls, TX | 14.6 | -0.2 pts |
| 220 | Copperas Cove, TX | 14.6 | +0.9 pts |
| 221 | Fair Oaks Ranch, TX | 14.6 | +3 pts |
| 222 | Keller, TX | 14.3 | +1.2 pts |
| 223 | Nacogdoches, TX | 13.9 | -0.4 pts |
| 224 | Stephenville, TX | 13.4 | -0.8 pts |
| 225 | Nederland, TX | 13.2 | -0.2 pts |
| 226 | Friendswood, TX | 12.6 | -0.3 pts |
| 227 | Benbrook, TX | 12.6 | 0 pts |
| 228 | Sanger, TX | 12.5 | +0.9 pts |
| 229 | Robinson, TX | 12.5 | -0.3 pts |
| 230 | Midlothian, TX | 12.4 | +2.5 pts |
| 231 | Fredericksburg, TX | 12.1 | -0.6 pts |
| 232 | Forney, TX | 12.1 | +1.4 pts |
| 233 | Burleson, TX | 11.9 | -0.7 pts |
| 234 | Kerrville, TX | 11.8 | -1.6 pts |
| 235 | Dripping Springs, TX | 11.7 | +4.5 pts |
| 236 | Trophy Club, TX | 11.7 | +2.1 pts |
| 237 | Rockport, TX | 11.6 | -4.2 pts |
| 238 | Canyon, TX | 11.5 | -1.8 pts |
| 239 | Lakeway, TX | 11.4 | +0.7 pts |
| 240 | University Park, TX | 11 | +1.5 pts |
| 241 | Hewitt, TX | 10.7 | -3.4 pts |
| 242 | Highland Village, TX | 10.3 | +0.6 pts |
| 243 | Colleyville, TX | 10.3 | +0.5 pts |
| 244 | Santa Fe, TX | 10.1 | +0.5 pts |
| 245 | Orange, TX | 9.3 | +0.4 pts |
| 246 | Weatherford, TX | 9.3 | -0.5 pts |
| 247 | Fairview, TX | 9.3 | -1.5 pts |
| 248 | Texarkana, TX | 8.7 | +0.7 pts |
| 249 | Denison, TX | 8.4 | +1.4 pts |
| 250 | Azle, TX | 8.3 | -1.5 pts |
Other periods
About this ranking
People aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of all people aged 5 and over. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.
Measures the language used at home, not English ability: most people in this group also speak English. Spanish speakers are shown separately in spanish_at_home_share.
Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the cities are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.
How to cite
U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Citation styles
APA 7
U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more) (Cities in Texas by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat
MLA 9
American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), Cities in Texas by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/texas-cities?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.
Chicago (author-date)
U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Cities in Texas by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/texas-cities?period=2023.
Harvard
U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more), Cities in Texas by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/texas-cities?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).
BibTeX
@misc{census_cities_in_texas_by_2023,
author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): Cities in Texas by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Data set},
url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat},
urldate = {2026-10-12},
note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/texas-cities?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY - DATA
AU - U.S. Census Bureau
TI - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more): Cities in Texas by population speaking a language other than English at home, 2023
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/01/29
PB - U.S. Census Bureau
DB - Invokely
UR - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat
L2 - https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/texas-cities?period=2023
Y2 - 2026/10/12
N1 - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/language-other-than-english-at-home/texas-cities?period=2023.
N1 - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER -
Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Rank Cities in Texas by population speaking a language other than English at home using official data, and cite the source.
rank_places {"indicator":"language_other_than_english_share","level":"municipality","within":"Texas","limit":10}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=language_other_than_english_share&level=municipality&within=Texas&limit=10
Questions
Which city has the highest population speaking a language other than English at home?
Hidalgo, TX, with 93.8% in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
Which city has the lowest population speaking a language other than English at home?
Lumberton, TX, with 3.3% in 2023.
Where does this ranking come from?
Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, US cities (incorporated places of 10,000 or more). Retrieved 2026-10-12.
Population speaking a language other than English at home: other rankings
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- Counties in South Carolina
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