Data / Rankings / Job creation rate / US states

US states by job creation rate

Arizona had the highest job creation rate of 51 states in 2019, at 13.805%. Vermont had the lowest, at 9.117%. The median was 11.4% and the figure for the United States was 12.094%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest13.805Arizona
Lowest9.117Vermont
Median11.451 states
United States12.094History

Map of states, 2019

Alabama: 11.752 %Alaska: 11.641 %Arizona: 13.805 %Arkansas: 11.526 %California: 13.392 %Colorado: 13.798 %Connecticut: 10.764 %Delaware: 13.32 %District of Columbia: 10.365 %Florida: 12.891 %Georgia: 13.347 %Hawaii: 10.036 %Idaho: 12.874 %Illinois: 11.047 %Indiana: 10.027 %Iowa: 10.403 %Kansas: 11.11 %Kentucky: 11.578 %Louisiana: 12.037 %Maine: 10.899 %Maryland: 10.949 %Massachusetts: 11.026 %Michigan: 10.748 %Minnesota: 10.264 %Mississippi: 10.867 %Missouri: 10.939 %Montana: 11.4 %Nebraska: 10.92 %Nevada: 13.801 %New Hampshire: 10.073 %New Jersey: 12.31 %New Mexico: 11.617 %New York: 12.352 %North Carolina: 12.574 %North Dakota: 10.661 %Ohio: 10.994 %Oklahoma: 12.283 %Oregon: 11.939 %Pennsylvania: 10.706 %Rhode Island: 9.624 %South Carolina: 12.939 %South Dakota: 9.406 %Tennessee: 11.857 %Texas: 13.587 %Utah: 12.796 %Vermont: 9.117 %Virginia: 12.009 %Washington: 12.454 %West Virginia: 10.599 %Wisconsin: 10.596 %Wyoming: 11.272 %
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%, 2019. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2019

Arizona: 13.805 %Arizona13.805Nevada: 13.801 %Nevada13.801Colorado: 13.798 %Colorado13.798Texas: 13.587 %Texas13.587California: 13.392 %California13.392Georgia: 13.347 %Georgia13.347Delaware: 13.32 %Delaware13.32South Carolina: 12.939 %South Carolina12.939Florida: 12.891 %Florida12.891Idaho: 12.874 %Idaho12.874Utah: 12.796 %Utah12.796North Carolina: 12.574 %North Carolina12.574Washington: 12.454 %Washington12.454New York: 12.352 %New York12.352New Jersey: 12.31 %New Jersey12.31Oklahoma: 12.283 %Oklahoma12.283Louisiana: 12.037 %Louisiana12.037Virginia: 12.009 %Virginia12.009Oregon: 11.939 %Oregon11.939Tennessee: 11.857 %Tennessee11.857Alabama: 11.752 %Alabama11.752Alaska: 11.641 %Alaska11.641New Mexico: 11.617 %New Mexico11.617Kentucky: 11.578 %Kentucky11.578Arkansas: 11.526 %Arkansas11.526Montana: 11.4 %Montana11.4Wyoming: 11.272 %Wyoming11.272Kansas: 11.11 %Kansas11.11Illinois: 11.047 %Illinois11.047Massachusetts: 11.026 %Massachusetts11.026Ohio: 10.994 %Ohio10.994Maryland: 10.949 %Maryland10.949Missouri: 10.939 %Missouri10.939Nebraska: 10.92 %Nebraska10.92Maine: 10.899 %Maine10.899Mississippi: 10.867 %Mississippi10.867Connecticut: 10.764 %Connecticut10.764Michigan: 10.748 %Michigan10.748Pennsylvania: 10.706 %Pennsylvania10.706North Dakota: 10.661 %North Dakota10.661West Virginia: 10.599 %West Virginia10.599Wisconsin: 10.596 %Wisconsin10.596Iowa: 10.403 %Iowa10.403District of Columbia: 10.365 %District of Columbia10.365Minnesota: 10.264 %Minnesota10.264New Hampshire: 10.073 %New Hampshire10.073Hawaii: 10.036 %Hawaii10.036Indiana: 10.027 %Indiana10.027Rhode Island: 9.624 %Rhode Island9.624South Dakota: 9.406 %South Dakota9.406Vermont: 9.117 %Vermont9.117Arizona: 13.805 %Arizona13.805Nevada: 13.801 %Nevada13.801Colorado: 13.798 %Colorado13.798Texas: 13.587 %Texas13.587California: 13.392 %California13.392Georgia: 13.347 %Georgia13.347Delaware: 13.32 %Delaware13.32South Carolina: 12.939 %South Carolina12.939Florida: 12.891 %Florida12.891Idaho: 12.874 %Idaho12.874Utah: 12.796 %Utah12.796North Carolina: 12.574 %North Carolina12.574Washington: 12.454 %Washington12.454New York: 12.352 %New York12.352New Jersey: 12.31 %New Jersey12.31Oklahoma: 12.283 %Oklahoma12.283Louisiana: 12.037 %Louisiana12.037Virginia: 12.009 %Virginia12.009Oregon: 11.939 %Oregon11.939Tennessee: 11.857 %Tennessee11.857Alabama: 11.752 %Alabama11.752Alaska: 11.641 %Alaska11.641New Mexico: 11.617 %New Mexico11.617Kentucky: 11.578 %Kentucky11.578Arkansas: 11.526 %Arkansas11.526Montana: 11.4 %Montana11.4Wyoming: 11.272 %Wyoming11.272Kansas: 11.11 %Kansas11.11Illinois: 11.047 %Illinois11.047Massachusetts: 11.026 %Massachusetts11.026Ohio: 10.994 %Ohio10.994Maryland: 10.949 %Maryland10.949Missouri: 10.939 %Missouri10.939Nebraska: 10.92 %Nebraska10.92Maine: 10.899 %Maine10.899Mississippi: 10.867 %Mississippi10.867Connecticut: 10.764 %Connecticut10.764Michigan: 10.748 %Michigan10.748Pennsylvania: 10.706 %Pennsylvania10.706North Dakota: 10.661 %North Dakota10.661West Virginia: 10.599 %West Virginia10.599Wisconsin: 10.596 %Wisconsin10.596Iowa: 10.403 %Iowa10.403District of Columbia: 10.365 %District of Columbia10.365Minnesota: 10.264 %Minnesota10.264New Hampshire: 10.073 %New Hampshire10.073Hawaii: 10.036 %Hawaii10.036Indiana: 10.027 %Indiana10.027Rhode Island: 9.624 %Rhode Island9.624South Dakota: 9.406 %South Dakota9.406Vermont: 9.117 %Vermont9.117
%. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2019 (%)Change on 2018
1Arizona13.805-0.78 pts
2Nevada13.801-0.04 pts
3Colorado13.798-0.19 pts
4Texas13.587-0.45 pts
5California13.392-0.15 pts
6Georgia13.347-0.56 pts
7Delaware13.32+0.34 pts
8South Carolina12.939-0.71 pts
9Florida12.891-1.26 pts
10Idaho12.874-1.62 pts
11Utah12.796-1.58 pts
12North Carolina12.574-0.32 pts
13Washington12.454-1.18 pts
14New York12.352-0.17 pts
15New Jersey12.31-0.58 pts
16Oklahoma12.283-1.1 pts
17Louisiana12.037-0.01 pts
18Virginia12.009-0.72 pts
19Oregon11.939-0.59 pts
20Tennessee11.857+0.09 pts
21Alabama11.752-0.43 pts
22Alaska11.641-0.34 pts
23New Mexico11.617-0.16 pts
24Kentucky11.578-0.29 pts
25Arkansas11.526-0.47 pts
26Montana11.4-0.72 pts
27Wyoming11.272-2.76 pts
28Kansas11.11-0.45 pts
29Illinois11.047-0.88 pts
30Massachusetts11.026-1.13 pts
31Ohio10.994-0.92 pts
32Maryland10.949-1.29 pts
33Missouri10.939-0.9 pts
34Nebraska10.92-1.04 pts
35Maine10.899-0.15 pts
36Mississippi10.867-0.22 pts
37Connecticut10.764-0.44 pts
38Michigan10.748-1.78 pts
39Pennsylvania10.706-0.47 pts
40North Dakota10.661-1.83 pts
41West Virginia10.599-1.88 pts
42Wisconsin10.596-0.67 pts
43Iowa10.403-0.28 pts
44District of Columbia10.365-1.85 pts
45Minnesota10.264-1.51 pts
46New Hampshire10.073-1.77 pts
47Hawaii10.036-1.33 pts
48Indiana10.027-2.22 pts
49Rhode Island9.624-2.75 pts
50South Dakota9.406-0.85 pts
51Vermont9.117-1.51 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Jobs added at opening and expanding establishments during the year, as a percentage of average employment in the two years. United States: Census Bureau Business Dynamics Statistics.

A gross flow: jobs lost elsewhere are not subtracted, so the net change is this rate minus job_destruction_rate. Not the same as payroll job growth from the monthly employment surveys. The year is the twelve months to March: 2023 compares March 2022 with March 2023.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2025). Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010 (US states by job creation rate, 2019) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st.csv

MLA 9

Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010, US states by job creation rate, 2019. U.S. Census Bureau, 25 Sept. 2025, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st.csv. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/job-creation-rate/us-states?period=2019. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2025. Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. US states by job creation rate, 2019. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st.csv. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/job-creation-rate/us-states?period=2019.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2025) Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010, US states by job creation rate, 2019 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st.csv, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/job-creation-rate/us-states?period=2019 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_job_2019,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010: US states by job creation rate, 2019}},
  year = {2025},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st.csv},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/job-creation-rate/us-states?period=2019. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023\_st.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010: US states by job creation rate, 2019
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/09/25
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st.csv
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/job-creation-rate/us-states?period=2019
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/job-creation-rate/us-states?period=2019.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest job creation rate?

Arizona, with 13.805% in 2019, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest job creation rate?

Vermont, with 9.117% in 2019.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Job creation rate: other rankings

US states: more rankings