Data / Rankings / Heating degree days / US states

US states by heating degree days

North Dakota had the highest heating degree days of 48 states in 2023, at 8,957 degree days (base 65°F). Florida had the lowest, at 429 degree days (base 65°F). The median was 4,854 degree days (base 65°F) and the figure for the United States was 3,828 degree days (base 65°F). Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

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Highest8,957North Dakota
Lowest429Florida
Median4,85448 states
United States3,828History

Map of states, 2023

Alabama: 2,144 degree days (base 65°F)Arizona: 2,062 degree days (base 65°F)Arkansas: 2,867 degree days (base 65°F)California: 3,085 degree days (base 65°F)Colorado: 7,282 degree days (base 65°F)Connecticut: 5,057 degree days (base 65°F)Delaware: 3,843 degree days (base 65°F)Florida: 429 degree days (base 65°F)Georgia: 2,292 degree days (base 65°F)Idaho: 6,898 degree days (base 65°F)Illinois: 5,320 degree days (base 65°F)Indiana: 4,821 degree days (base 65°F)Iowa: 6,068 degree days (base 65°F)Kansas: 4,373 degree days (base 65°F)Kentucky: 3,681 degree days (base 65°F)Louisiana: 1,260 degree days (base 65°F)Maine: 6,926 degree days (base 65°F)Maryland: 3,827 degree days (base 65°F)Massachusetts: 5,284 degree days (base 65°F)Michigan: 5,867 degree days (base 65°F)Minnesota: 7,809 degree days (base 65°F)Mississippi: 1,843 degree days (base 65°F)Missouri: 4,280 degree days (base 65°F)Montana: 8,204 degree days (base 65°F)Nebraska: 5,798 degree days (base 65°F)Nevada: 3,699 degree days (base 65°F)New Hampshire: 6,535 degree days (base 65°F)New Jersey: 4,418 degree days (base 65°F)New Mexico: 4,403 degree days (base 65°F)New York: 5,206 degree days (base 65°F)North Carolina: 2,826 degree days (base 65°F)North Dakota: 8,957 degree days (base 65°F)Ohio: 4,886 degree days (base 65°F)Oklahoma: 3,150 degree days (base 65°F)Oregon: 5,184 degree days (base 65°F)Pennsylvania: 4,952 degree days (base 65°F)Rhode Island: 5,077 degree days (base 65°F)South Carolina: 2,144 degree days (base 65°F)South Dakota: 7,369 degree days (base 65°F)Tennessee: 3,152 degree days (base 65°F)Texas: 1,482 degree days (base 65°F)Utah: 7,203 degree days (base 65°F)Vermont: 7,107 degree days (base 65°F)Virginia: 3,632 degree days (base 65°F)Washington: 5,337 degree days (base 65°F)West Virginia: 4,481 degree days (base 65°F)Wisconsin: 6,647 degree days (base 65°F)Wyoming: 8,339 degree days (base 65°F)
  • Under 2,700
  • 2,700 to 3,800
  • 3,800 to 4,900
  • 4,900 to 5,300
  • 5,300 to 7,000
  • 7,000 and over
  • No data
degree days (base 65°F), 2023. Hatched areas have no value for this period. Source: NOAA NCEI, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2023

North Dakota: 8,957 degree days (base 65°F)North Dakota8,957Wyoming: 8,339 degree days (base 65°F)Wyoming8,339Montana: 8,204 degree days (base 65°F)Montana8,204Minnesota: 7,809 degree days (base 65°F)Minnesota7,809South Dakota: 7,369 degree days (base 65°F)South Dakota7,369Colorado: 7,282 degree days (base 65°F)Colorado7,282Utah: 7,203 degree days (base 65°F)Utah7,203Vermont: 7,107 degree days (base 65°F)Vermont7,107Maine: 6,926 degree days (base 65°F)Maine6,926Idaho: 6,898 degree days (base 65°F)Idaho6,898Wisconsin: 6,647 degree days (base 65°F)Wisconsin6,647New Hampshire: 6,535 degree days (base 65°F)New Hampshire6,535Iowa: 6,068 degree days (base 65°F)Iowa6,068Michigan: 5,867 degree days (base 65°F)Michigan5,867Nebraska: 5,798 degree days (base 65°F)Nebraska5,798Washington: 5,337 degree days (base 65°F)Washington5,337Illinois: 5,320 degree days (base 65°F)Illinois5,320Massachusetts: 5,284 degree days (base 65°F)Massachusetts5,284New York: 5,206 degree days (base 65°F)New York5,206Oregon: 5,184 degree days (base 65°F)Oregon5,184Rhode Island: 5,077 degree days (base 65°F)Rhode Island5,077Connecticut: 5,057 degree days (base 65°F)Connecticut5,057Pennsylvania: 4,952 degree days (base 65°F)Pennsylvania4,952Ohio: 4,886 degree days (base 65°F)Ohio4,886Indiana: 4,821 degree days (base 65°F)Indiana4,821West Virginia: 4,481 degree days (base 65°F)West Virginia4,481New Jersey: 4,418 degree days (base 65°F)New Jersey4,418New Mexico: 4,403 degree days (base 65°F)New Mexico4,403Kansas: 4,373 degree days (base 65°F)Kansas4,373Missouri: 4,280 degree days (base 65°F)Missouri4,280Delaware: 3,843 degree days (base 65°F)Delaware3,843Maryland: 3,827 degree days (base 65°F)Maryland3,827Nevada: 3,699 degree days (base 65°F)Nevada3,699Kentucky: 3,681 degree days (base 65°F)Kentucky3,681Virginia: 3,632 degree days (base 65°F)Virginia3,632Tennessee: 3,152 degree days (base 65°F)Tennessee3,152Oklahoma: 3,150 degree days (base 65°F)Oklahoma3,150California: 3,085 degree days (base 65°F)California3,085Arkansas: 2,867 degree days (base 65°F)Arkansas2,867North Carolina: 2,826 degree days (base 65°F)North Carolina2,826Georgia: 2,292 degree days (base 65°F)Georgia2,292Alabama: 2,144 degree days (base 65°F)Alabama2,144South Carolina: 2,144 degree days (base 65°F)South Carolina2,144Arizona: 2,062 degree days (base 65°F)Arizona2,062Mississippi: 1,843 degree days (base 65°F)Mississippi1,843Texas: 1,482 degree days (base 65°F)Texas1,482Louisiana: 1,260 degree days (base 65°F)Louisiana1,260Florida: 429 degree days (base 65°F)Florida429North Dakota: 8,957 degree days (base 65°F)North Dakota8,957Wyoming: 8,339 degree days (base 65°F)Wyoming8,339Montana: 8,204 degree days (base 65°F)Montana8,204Minnesota: 7,809 degree days (base 65°F)Minnesota7,809South Dakota: 7,369 degree days (base 65°F)South Dakota7,369Colorado: 7,282 degree days (base 65°F)Colorado7,282Utah: 7,203 degree days (base 65°F)Utah7,203Vermont: 7,107 degree days (base 65°F)Vermont7,107Maine: 6,926 degree days (base 65°F)Maine6,926Idaho: 6,898 degree days (base 65°F)Idaho6,898Wisconsin: 6,647 degree days (base 65°F)Wisconsin6,647New Hampshire: 6,535 degree days (base 65°F)New Hampshire6,535Iowa: 6,068 degree days (base 65°F)Iowa6,068Michigan: 5,867 degree days (base 65°F)Michigan5,867Nebraska: 5,798 degree days (base 65°F)Nebraska5,798Washington: 5,337 degree days (base 65°F)Washington5,337Illinois: 5,320 degree days (base 65°F)Illinois5,320Massachusetts: 5,284 degree days (base 65°F)Massachusetts5,284New York: 5,206 degree days (base 65°F)New York5,206Oregon: 5,184 degree days (base 65°F)Oregon5,184Rhode Island: 5,077 degree days (base 65°F)Rhode Island5,077Connecticut: 5,057 degree days (base 65°F)Connecticut5,057Pennsylvania: 4,952 degree days (base 65°F)Pennsylvania4,952Ohio: 4,886 degree days (base 65°F)Ohio4,886Indiana: 4,821 degree days (base 65°F)Indiana4,821West Virginia: 4,481 degree days (base 65°F)West Virginia4,481New Jersey: 4,418 degree days (base 65°F)New Jersey4,418New Mexico: 4,403 degree days (base 65°F)New Mexico4,403Kansas: 4,373 degree days (base 65°F)Kansas4,373Missouri: 4,280 degree days (base 65°F)Missouri4,280Delaware: 3,843 degree days (base 65°F)Delaware3,843Maryland: 3,827 degree days (base 65°F)Maryland3,827Nevada: 3,699 degree days (base 65°F)Nevada3,699Kentucky: 3,681 degree days (base 65°F)Kentucky3,681Virginia: 3,632 degree days (base 65°F)Virginia3,632Tennessee: 3,152 degree days (base 65°F)Tennessee3,152Oklahoma: 3,150 degree days (base 65°F)Oklahoma3,150California: 3,085 degree days (base 65°F)California3,085Arkansas: 2,867 degree days (base 65°F)Arkansas2,867North Carolina: 2,826 degree days (base 65°F)North Carolina2,826Georgia: 2,292 degree days (base 65°F)Georgia2,292Alabama: 2,144 degree days (base 65°F)Alabama2,144South Carolina: 2,144 degree days (base 65°F)South Carolina2,144Arizona: 2,062 degree days (base 65°F)Arizona2,062Mississippi: 1,843 degree days (base 65°F)Mississippi1,843Texas: 1,482 degree days (base 65°F)Texas1,482Louisiana: 1,260 degree days (base 65°F)Louisiana1,260Florida: 429 degree days (base 65°F)Florida429
degree days (base 65°F). Source: NOAA NCEI, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2023
degree days (base 65°F)		Change on 2022
1North Dakota8,957-9.1%
2Wyoming8,339-1.2%
3Montana8,204-7%
4Minnesota7,809-14.4%
5South Dakota7,369-7.4%
6Colorado7,282+1%
7Utah7,203+2.6%
8Vermont7,107-7.9%
9Maine6,926-4.3%
10Idaho6,898-5.2%
11Wisconsin6,647-14.2%
12New Hampshire6,535-7.5%
13Iowa6,068-15.8%
14Michigan5,867-12.5%
15Nebraska5,798-9.4%
16Washington5,337-7.8%
17Illinois5,320-15.9%
18Massachusetts5,284-7.4%
19New York5,206-11%
20Oregon5,184-2%
21Rhode Island5,077-6.2%
22Connecticut5,057-10.1%
23Pennsylvania4,952-13.2%
24Ohio4,886-14.3%
25Indiana4,821-16.1%
26West Virginia4,481-13.7%
27New Jersey4,418-13.1%
28New Mexico4,403-3.9%
29Kansas4,373-13.2%
30Missouri4,280-17.9%
31Delaware3,843-14.2%
32Maryland3,827-15.3%
33Nevada3,699+5.6%
34Kentucky3,681-17.7%
35Virginia3,632-14.2%
36Tennessee3,152-17.5%
37Oklahoma3,150-14.1%
38California3,085+15.5%
39Arkansas2,867-18.3%
40North Carolina2,826-14%
41Georgia2,292-14.5%
42Alabama2,144-17.9%
42South Carolina2,144-14.3%
44Arizona2,0620%
45Mississippi1,843-21.7%
46Texas1,482-24%
47Louisiana1,260-25.3%
48Florida429-18.4%

Other periods

About this ranking

Sum over January to December of the degrees by which the daily mean temperature falls below 65°F, a measure of heating demand. NOAA estimates monthly values from nClimDiv temperatures and weights areas by population (2010 Census).

NOAA publishes these for operational monitoring; they can differ from official degree day publications.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

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APA 7

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. (2026). NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide (US states by heating degree days, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json

MLA 9

NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide, US states by heating degree days, 2023. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 6 Oct. 2026, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/heating-degree-days/us-states?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. 2026. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. US states by heating degree days, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/heating-degree-days/us-states?period=2023.

Harvard

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2026) NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide, US states by heating degree days, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/heating-degree-days/us-states?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{noaa_us_states_by_heating_2023,
  author = {{NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information}},
  title = {{NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide: US states by heating degree days, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/heating-degree-days/us-states?period=2023. Publisher attribution: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
TI  - NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide: US states by heating degree days, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/06
PB  - NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/heating-degree-days/us-states?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/heating-degree-days/us-states?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Climate at a Glance. NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. From the NOAA Monthly U.S. Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv), doi:10.7289/V5M32STR. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32/hdd/12/12/1895-2025/data.json. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Rank US states by heating degree days using official data, and cite the source.
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Questions

Which state has the highest heating degree days?

North Dakota, with 8,957 degree days (base 65°F) in 2023, according to NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

Which state has the lowest heating degree days?

Florida, with 429 degree days (base 65°F) in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, NOAA Climate at a Glance, January to December heating degree days (base 65°F), contiguous US and statewide. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

US states: more rankings