Data / Marshall County / Profile

Marshall County in figures

A profile of Marshall County from official statistics: 24 figures in 5 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Marshall County was 8,798 in 2025, up 0.1% from 2024, and the 15th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota.

Population8,7982025Up 0.1% from 2024The 15th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota
Median age43.2 years2024Unchanged from 2023Tied for the 29th highest of 87 counties in Minnesota
Population aged 65 and over24.3%2025Up 0.6 percentage points from 2024The 31st highest of 87 counties in Minnesota
Foreign-born population share2%2024Up 0.2 percentage points from 2023
Population density1.9 inhabitants per km²2025Up 0.1% from 2024
Net domestic migration, July to June-72025, estimatedCompared with -45 in 2024
8,7508,8008,8508,9008,9509,0009,0502020202120222023202420252020: 9,025 persons2021: 8,998 persons2022: 8,873 persons2023: 8,828 persons2024: 8,788 persons2025: 8,798 persons
Population, 2020 to 2025. persons. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program).

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program); U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B01002: median age, total population; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex (cc-est agesex): residents aged 65 and over as a percentage of the total, 1 July; states and the nation summed from counties; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B05002: foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population, calculated with stored inputs; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program resident population on 1 July divided by land area from the latest Census Gazetteer files, persons per km²; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program: net domestic migration, states and counties, July 1 of the previous year to June 30 of the reported year; vintage 2020 files for 2011 to 2020 and the latest 2020s vintage from 2021. Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Marshall County was 6% (provisional) in August 2026, up 1.1 percentage points from August 2025, and tied for the 12th highest of 87 counties in Minnesota.

Unemployment rate6%August 2026, provisionalUp 1.1 percentage points from August 2025Tied for the 12th highest of 87 counties in Minnesota
Median household income$72,5432024Up 1.2% from 2023The 35th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota
Per capita personal income$70,1722024Down 1.4% from 2023The 18th highest of 87 counties in Minnesota
Poverty rate (US official measure)9%2024Down 0.1 percentage points from 2023
Gini index38.82024Up 1.2 points from 2023
02468102021-072022-042023-012023-102024-072025-042026-082021-07: 3.3 %2021-08: 3.2 %2021-09: 2.5 %2021-10: 2.3 %2021-11: 3.7 %2021-12: 5.5 %2022-01: 7.1 %2022-02: 6.5 %2022-03: 5.7 %2022-04: 4.2 %2022-05: 3 %2022-06: 2.8 %2022-07: 2.6 %2022-08: 2.4 %2022-09: 1.7 %2022-10: 1.9 %2022-11: 3.8 %2022-12: 5.3 %2023-01: 7.1 %2023-02: 7.3 %2023-03: 6.5 %2023-04: 5.1 %2023-05: 3.9 %2023-06: 3.7 %2023-07: 3.6 %2023-08: 3.4 %2023-09: 2.2 %2023-10: 2 %2023-11: 3.7 %2023-12: 5 %2024-01: 7.1 %2024-02: 6.8 %2024-03: 6.7 %2024-04: 4.7 %2024-05: 3.4 %2024-06: 4.4 %2024-07: 4.7 %2024-08: 3.8 %2024-09: 2.4 %2024-10: 2.2 %2024-11: 3.3 %2024-12: 5.6 %2025-01: 7.7 %2025-02: 7.4 %2025-03: 7.3 %2025-04: 6.1 %2025-05: 3.7 %2025-06: 6.1 %2025-07: 5.7 %2025-08: 4.9 %2025-09: 3.3 %2025-11: 6.4 %2025-12: 7.9 %2026-01: 10 %2026-02: 9.4 %2026-03: 9 %2026-04: 7.1 %2026-05: 5 %2026-06: 6.1 %2026-07: 5.9 %2026-08: 6 %
Unemployment rate, July 2021 to August 2026. %. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted.

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19013: median household income in the past 12 months; U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAINC1: county annual personal income summary, per capita personal income, current dollars, individual counties and county equivalents; U.S. Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): percent of people of all ages in poverty, states and counties; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19083: Gini index of household income inequality (coefficient multiplied by 100). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (US dollars) in Marshall County was $439.39 million in 2024, down 16.4% from 2023, and the 13th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota.

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars$439.39 million2024Down 16.4% from 2023The 13th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota
GDP per capita, US dollars$50,0952024Down 16% from 2023The 21st lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota
Real GDP growth-18.1%2024Up 1 percentage point from 2023The 3rd lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota
10020030040050060070020012005200920132017202120242001: 163.9 USD million2002: 176.6 USD million2003: 274.3 USD million2004: 173.7 USD million2005: 189.2 USD million2006: 216.9 USD million2007: 258.3 USD million2008: 373.2 USD million2009: 215 USD million2010: 264.9 USD million2011: 298.9 USD million2012: 384 USD million2013: 380.1 USD million2014: 288.7 USD million2015: 313.2 USD million2016: 334.5 USD million2017: 352.6 USD million2018: 383.3 USD million2019: 409.5 USD million2020: 449.8 USD million2021: 556.8 USD million2022: 650.9 USD million2023: 525.8 USD million2024: 439.4 USD million
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars, 2001 to 2024. USD million. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions).

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions); Invokely, GDP in current dollars (BEA SAGDP2 and CAGDP1) divided by mid-year population (BEA SAINC1 and CAINC1); U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP11: annual percent change in real GDP, all industry total, individual counties and county equivalents. Economy statistics and rankings

Prices and housing

Median home value in Marshall County was $164,500 in 2024, up 7.3% from 2023, and the 19th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota.

Median home value$164,5002024Up 7.3% from 2023The 19th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota
County house price annual change, sales and refinances6.31%2025Up 8.08 percentage points from 2024The 15th highest of 85 counties in Minnesota
Median gross rent (monthly)$6902024Down 6.4% from 2023The 7th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota
Homeownership rate (US, housing units)83%2024Down 2.2 percentage points from 2023
Housing units authorized by building permits32025, estimatedUp 50% from 2024
120K130K140K150K160K170K20212022202320242021: 125,500 USD2022: 140,900 USD2023: 153,300 USD2024: 164,500 USD
Median home value, 2021 to 2024. USD. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units; Federal Housing Finance Agency, FHFA developmental all-transactions county house prices, published annual percent change, nominal, not seasonally adjusted; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25064: median gross rent (dollars), renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25003: owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of occupied housing units, calculated with stored inputs; U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey: final annual county estimates of new privately owned housing units authorized, including imputation. Housing statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Employer firms in Marshall County were 205 in 2023, down 1.4% from 2022, and the 13th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota.

Employer firms2052023Down 1.4% from 2022The 13th lowest of 87 counties in Minnesota
Establishment entry rate8.219%2023Up 0.07 percentage points from 2022The 35th highest of 86 counties in Minnesota
Establishment exit rate10.046%2023Up 1.9 percentage points from 2022The 10th highest of 86 counties in Minnesota
Job creation rate13.809%2023Up 0.63 percentage points from 2022
Farms1,0722022No 2021 figure to compare
19020021022023019992003200720112015201920231999: 219 count2000: 216 count2001: 220 count2002: 216 count2003: 215 count2004: 218 count2005: 216 count2006: 225 count2007: 216 count2008: 206 count2009: 206 count2010: 212 count2011: 221 count2012: 217 count2013: 209 count2014: 207 count2015: 213 count2016: 211 count2017: 199 count2018: 193 count2019: 197 count2020: 204 count2021: 208 count2022: 208 count2023: 205 count
Employer firms, 1999 to 2023. count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment entry rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment exit rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010; U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Census of Agriculture: number of farms, nation, states and counties (1997 to 2022). Companies statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. U.S. Census Bureau. Annual estimates of the resident population for the United States, states and counties, 1 July (Population Estimates Program). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  2. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B01002: median age, total population. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b01002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  3. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program, county population by age and sex (cc-est agesex): residents aged 65 and over as a percentage of the total, 1 July; states and the nation summed from counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/counties/asrh/cc-est2025-agesex-all.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  4. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B05002: foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b05002.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  5. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program resident population on 1 July divided by land area from the latest Census Gazetteer files, persons per km². https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2020-2025/. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  6. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program: net domestic migration, states and counties, July 1 of the previous year to June 30 of the reported year; vintage 2020 files for 2011 to 2020 and the latest 2020s vintage from 2021. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/data-sets.html. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  7. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Local Area Unemployment Statistics: unemployment rate by county, not seasonally adjusted. https://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/la/la.data.0.CurrentU25-29. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  8. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19013: median household income in the past 12 months. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b19013.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  9. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAINC1: county annual personal income summary, per capita personal income, current dollars, individual counties and county equivalents. https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAINC1.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-11.
  10. U.S. Census Bureau. Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE): percent of people of all ages in poverty, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/datasets/2024/2024-state-and-county/est24all.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  11. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B19083: Gini index of household income inequality (coefficient multiplied by 100). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b19083.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  12. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAGDP1: county GDP summary, current-dollar GDP (published in thousands of dollars, shown in millions). https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAGDP1.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  13. Invokely calculation from GDP in current dollars (BEA SAGDP2 and CAGDP1) divided by mid-year population (BEA SAINC1 and CAINC1). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#gdp_per_capita_usd. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  14. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. CAGDP11: annual percent change in real GDP, all industry total, individual counties and county equivalents. https://apps.bea.gov/regional/zip/CAGDP11.zip. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  15. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25077: median value (dollars), owner-occupied housing units. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25077.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  16. Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). FHFA developmental all-transactions county house prices, published annual percent change, nominal, not seasonally adjusted. https://www.fhfa.gov/hpi/download/annual/hpi_at_county.xlsx. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  17. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25064: median gross rent (dollars), renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25064.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  18. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table B25003: owner-occupied housing units as a percentage of occupied housing units, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25003.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  19. U.S. Census Bureau. Building Permits Survey: final annual county estimates of new privately owned housing units authorized, including imputation. https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/co2025a.txt. Retrieved 2026-10-10.
  20. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: employer firms, all covered industries, nation, states and counties. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-11.
  21. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment entry rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  22. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: establishment exit rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  23. U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job creation rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023_st_cty.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  24. Source: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, Census of Agriculture. Census of Agriculture: number of farms, nation, states and counties (1997 to 2022). Retrieved through Data Commons (datacommons.org). https://www.nass.usda.gov/AgCensus/. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Retrieved through Data Commons (https://datacommons.org).

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