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Köln in figures

A profile of Köln from official statistics: 21 figures in 5 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Köln was 4.49 million in 2025, up 0.2% from 2024, and the 3rd highest of 38 regions in Germany.

Population4.49 million2025Up 0.2% from 2024The 3rd highest of 38 regions in Germany
Natural change rate-3 per 1,000 inhabitants2024Up 0.1 per 1,000 inhabitants from 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)Tied for the 12th highest of 38 regions in Germany
Median age44.3 years2025Unchanged from 2024The 9th lowest of 38 regions in Germany
Population aged 65 and over21.3%2025Up 0.3 percentage points from 2024
Population density614.6 inhabitants per km²2024Up 0.3% from 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)
Net migration including statistical adjustment21,5352024Compared with 30,341 in 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)
4.25M4.3M4.35M4.4M4.45M4.5M20002004200820122017202120252000: 4,263,675 persons2001: 4,281,548 persons2002: 4,309,953 persons2003: 4,331,419 persons2004: 4,350,368 persons2005: 4,363,797 persons2006: 4,378,622 persons2007: 4,384,669 persons2008: 4,391,062 persons2009: 4,386,271 persons2010: 4,383,044 persons2011: 4,282,911 persons2012: 4,299,064 persons2014: 4,333,015 persons2015: 4,361,724 persons2016: 4,422,371 persons2017: 4,439,416 persons2018: 4,454,228 persons2019: 4,468,904 persons2020: 4,478,847 persons2021: 4,475,530 persons2022: 4,472,956 persons2023: 4,461,422 persons2024: 4,478,118 persons2025: 4,486,282 persons
Population, 2000 to 2025. persons. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens); Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, net migration plus statistical adjustment, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Köln was 3.9% in 2025, up 0.2 percentage points from 2024, and tied for the 12th highest of 37 regions in Germany.

Unemployment rate3.9%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024Tied for the 12th highest of 37 regions in Germany
Household disposable income per inhabitant€28,0002023, estimatedUp 5.3% from 2022Tied for the 16th highest of 38 regions in Germany
Employment rate79.8%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024The 9th lowest of 38 regions in Germany
At-risk-of-poverty rate17%2025Up 1.2 percentage points from 2024
Activity rate78.8%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024
24681020012005200920132017202120252001: 5.7 %2002: 6.3 %2003: 8 %2004: 8.3 %2005: 9.4 %2006: 9.1 %2007: 7.8 %2008: 7 %2009: 7.2 %2010: 7 %2011: 6 %2012: 5.4 %2013: 5.8 %2014: 5.3 %2015: 4.8 %2016: 3.9 %2017: 3.7 %2018: 3.7 %2019: 3.4 %2020: 4.1 %2021: 4.1 %2022: 3.2 %2023: 3.3 %2024: 3.7 %2025: 3.9 %
Unemployment rate, 2001 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment rates by NUTS 2 region (lfst_r_lfu3rt).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment rates by NUTS 2 region (lfst_r_lfu3rt); Eurostat, European Commission, Income of households by NUTS 2 region, net disposable income, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_2hhinc); Eurostat, European Commission, Employment rates by NUTS 2 region, 20 to 64 (lfst_r_lfe2emprt); Eurostat, European Commission, At-risk-of-poverty rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_li41); Eurostat, European Commission, Activity rates by NUTS 2 region, 15 to 64 (lfst_r_lfp2actrt). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (euros) in Köln was €236.73 billion (estimated) in 2024, up 2.6% from 2023 (the 2023 figure is provisional), and the 5th highest of 38 regions in Germany.

Gross domestic product (GDP)€236.73 billion2024, estimatedUp 2.6% from 2023 (the 2023 figure is provisional)The 5th highest of 38 regions in Germany
GDP per capita€52,8002024, estimatedUp 2.3% from 2023 (the 2023 figure is provisional)The 12th highest of 38 regions in Germany
Real GDP growth-0.3%2024, estimatedUp 1.3 percentage points from 2023The 11th highest of 38 regions in Germany
GDP per capita in PPS (EU27 = 100)118%2024, estimatedDown 2 percentage points from 2023 (the 2023 figure is provisional)
125K150K175K200K225K250K20002004200820122016202020242000: 126,303 EUR million2001: 128,918 EUR million2002: 134,147 EUR million2003: 131,628 EUR million2004: 134,518 EUR million2005: 134,614 EUR million2006: 140,904 EUR million2007: 148,104 EUR million2008: 147,977 EUR million2009: 145,590 EUR million2010: 149,380 EUR million2011: 154,744 EUR million2012: 157,174 EUR million2013: 162,218 EUR million2014: 169,188 EUR million2015: 176,332 EUR million2016: 179,390 EUR million2017: 187,733 EUR million2018: 195,465 EUR million2019: 198,791 EUR million2020: 193,685 EUR million2021: 203,839 EUR million2022: 219,309 EUR million2023: 230,626 EUR million2024: 236,726 EUR million
Gross domestic product (GDP), 2000 to 2024. EUR million. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_3gdp); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP in volume by NUTS 2 region, percentage change on previous year (nama_10r_2gvagr); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). Economy statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Nights spent in tourist accommodation in Köln were 14.78 million in 2025, up 2.3% from 2024, and the 10th highest of 38 regions in Germany.

Nights spent in tourist accommodation14.78 million2025Up 2.3% from 2024The 10th highest of 38 regions in Germany
Nights spent in tourist accommodation by non-residents (foreign guests)4.6 million2025Up 6% from 2024The 5th highest of 38 regions in Germany
6M8M10M12M14M16M20012005200920132017202120252001: 9,352,728 count2002: 9,352,728 count2003: 9,199,667 count2004: 10,659,036 count2005: 11,175,264 count2006: 11,381,201 count2007: 10,980,276 count2008: 11,009,970 count2009: 9,736,749 count2010: 10,385,073 count2011: 11,072,529 count2012: 11,270,042 count2013: 11,488,838 count2014: 12,596,064 count2015: 12,927,219 count2016: 12,809,991 count2017: 13,579,080 count2018: 13,582,066 count2019: 14,196,715 count2020: 6,478,432 count2021: 6,814,105 count2022: 12,304,379 count2023: 13,834,269 count2024: 14,452,932 count2025: 14,781,568 count
Nights spent in tourist accommodation, 2001 to 2025. count. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). Companies statistics and rankings

Health

Life expectancy in Köln was 81.3 years in 2024, up 0.3 years from 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break), and the 12th highest of 38 regions in Germany.

Life expectancy at birth81.3 years2024Up 0.3 years from 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)The 12th highest of 38 regions in Germany
Infant mortality rate3.1 per 1,000 live births2023Unchanged from 2022Tied for the 18th highest of 38 regions in Germany
Age-standardised death rate, all causes1,039.8 per 100,000 people2023Down 31.8 per 100,000 people from 2022The 16th lowest of 38 regions in Germany
Road deaths per million inhabitants27 per million inhabitants2024Unchanged from 2023
78798081822002200620102014201820242002: 78.6 years2003: 78.8 years2004: 79.4 years2005: 79.5 years2006: 80.1 years2007: 80.3 years2008: 80.5 years2009: 80.4 years2010: 80.7 years2011: 80.8 years2012: 80.7 years2013: 80.7 years2014: 81 years2015: 80.7 years2016: 81 years2017: 81.1 years2018: 80.8 years2019: 81.2 years2020: 81.2 years2021: 81 years2022: 80.7 years2023: 81 years2024: 81.3 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2002 to 2024. years. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_mlifexp).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_mlifexp); Eurostat, European Commission, Infant mortality rates by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_minfind); Eurostat, European Commission, Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2); Eurostat, European Commission, Victims in road accidents by NUTS 2 region, killed per million inhabitants (tran_r_acci). Health statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. Eurostat. Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanaggr3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  2. Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  3. Eurostat. Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  4. Eurostat. Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_d3dens/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  5. Eurostat. Population change, net migration plus statistical adjustment, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  6. Eurostat. Unemployment rates by NUTS 2 region (lfst_r_lfu3rt). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfst_r_lfu3rt/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  7. Eurostat. Income of households by NUTS 2 region, net disposable income, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_2hhinc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_2hhinc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  8. Eurostat. Employment rates by NUTS 2 region, 20 to 64 (lfst_r_lfe2emprt). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfst_r_lfe2emprt/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  9. Eurostat. At-risk-of-poverty rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_li41). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_li41/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  10. Eurostat. Activity rates by NUTS 2 region, 15 to 64 (lfst_r_lfp2actrt). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfst_r_lfp2actrt/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  11. Eurostat. GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  12. Eurostat. GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  13. Eurostat. GDP in volume by NUTS 2 region, percentage change on previous year (nama_10r_2gvagr). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_2gvagr/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  14. Eurostat. GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  15. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  16. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  17. Eurostat. Life expectancy by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_mlifexp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_mlifexp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  18. Eurostat. Infant mortality rates by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_minfind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_minfind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  19. Eurostat. Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/hlth_cd_asdr2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  20. Eurostat. Victims in road accidents by NUTS 2 region, killed per million inhabitants (tran_r_acci). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tran_r_acci/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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