Data / Rankings / Population speaking Spanish at home / Counties in New Mexico

Counties in New Mexico by population speaking Spanish at home

Luna County had the highest population speaking Spanish at home of 33 counties in 2023, at 51.5%. McKinley County had the lowest, at 5.4%. The median was 22% and the figure for New Mexico was 24.5%. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest51.5Luna County
Lowest5.4McKinley County
Median2233 counties
New Mexico24.5History

Map of counties, 2023

Bernalillo County: 21 %Catron County: 14.7 %Chaves County: 31.8 %Cibola County: 13.8 %Colfax County: 16.1 %Curry County: 24.4 %De Baca County: 35.5 %Doña Ana County: 43.4 %Eddy County: 24.4 %Grant County: 20.9 %Guadalupe County: 46.1 %Harding County: 22 %Hidalgo County: 32.7 %Lea County: 42.4 %Lincoln County: 18.7 %Los Alamos County: 7.4 %Luna County: 51.5 %McKinley County: 5.4 %Mora County: 43.5 %Otero County: 21.2 %Quay County: 20.2 %Rio Arriba County: 45.3 %Roosevelt County: 20.9 %Sandoval County: 14.4 %San Juan County: 9.5 %San Miguel County: 45.4 %Santa Fe County: 26.2 %Sierra County: 19.1 %Socorro County: 23.1 %Taos County: 28.8 %Torrance County: 18.3 %Union County: 19.7 %Valencia County: 25.1 %
  • Under 15
  • 15 to 20
  • 20 to 22
  • 22 to 27
  • 27 to 43
  • 43 and over
%, 2023. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All counties, 2023

Luna County: 51.5 %Luna County51.5Guadalupe County: 46.1 %Guadalupe County46.1San Miguel County: 45.4 %San Miguel County45.4Rio Arriba County: 45.3 %Rio Arriba County45.3Mora County: 43.5 %Mora County43.5Doña Ana County: 43.4 %Doña Ana County43.4Lea County: 42.4 %Lea County42.4De Baca County: 35.5 %De Baca County35.5Hidalgo County: 32.7 %Hidalgo County32.7Chaves County: 31.8 %Chaves County31.8Taos County: 28.8 %Taos County28.8Santa Fe County: 26.2 %Santa Fe County26.2Valencia County: 25.1 %Valencia County25.1Curry County: 24.4 %Curry County24.4Eddy County: 24.4 %Eddy County24.4Socorro County: 23.1 %Socorro County23.1Harding County: 22 %Harding County22Otero County: 21.2 %Otero County21.2Bernalillo County: 21 %Bernalillo County21Grant County: 20.9 %Grant County20.9Roosevelt County: 20.9 %Roosevelt County20.9Quay County: 20.2 %Quay County20.2Union County: 19.7 %Union County19.7Sierra County: 19.1 %Sierra County19.1Lincoln County: 18.7 %Lincoln County18.7Torrance County: 18.3 %Torrance County18.3Colfax County: 16.1 %Colfax County16.1Catron County: 14.7 %Catron County14.7Sandoval County: 14.4 %Sandoval County14.4Cibola County: 13.8 %Cibola County13.8San Juan County: 9.5 %San Juan County9.5Los Alamos County: 7.4 %Los Alamos County7.4McKinley County: 5.4 %McKinley County5.4Luna County: 51.5 %Luna County51.5Guadalupe County: 46.1 %Guadalupe County46.1San Miguel County: 45.4 %San Miguel County45.4Rio Arriba County: 45.3 %Rio Arriba County45.3Mora County: 43.5 %Mora County43.5Doña Ana County: 43.4 %Doña Ana County43.4Lea County: 42.4 %Lea County42.4De Baca County: 35.5 %De Baca County35.5Hidalgo County: 32.7 %Hidalgo County32.7Chaves County: 31.8 %Chaves County31.8Taos County: 28.8 %Taos County28.8Santa Fe County: 26.2 %Santa Fe County26.2Valencia County: 25.1 %Valencia County25.1Curry County: 24.4 %Curry County24.4Eddy County: 24.4 %Eddy County24.4Socorro County: 23.1 %Socorro County23.1Harding County: 22 %Harding County22Otero County: 21.2 %Otero County21.2Bernalillo County: 21 %Bernalillo County21Grant County: 20.9 %Grant County20.9Roosevelt County: 20.9 %Roosevelt County20.9Quay County: 20.2 %Quay County20.2Union County: 19.7 %Union County19.7Sierra County: 19.1 %Sierra County19.1Lincoln County: 18.7 %Lincoln County18.7Torrance County: 18.3 %Torrance County18.3Colfax County: 16.1 %Colfax County16.1Catron County: 14.7 %Catron County14.7Sandoval County: 14.4 %Sandoval County14.4Cibola County: 13.8 %Cibola County13.8San Juan County: 9.5 %San Juan County9.5Los Alamos County: 7.4 %Los Alamos County7.4McKinley County: 5.4 %McKinley County5.4
%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankCounties2023 (%)Change on 2022
1Luna County51.5+1.2 pts
2Guadalupe County46.10 pts
3San Miguel County45.4-3.9 pts
4Rio Arriba County45.3-3.4 pts
5Mora County43.5-9.1 pts
6Doña Ana County43.4-1.6 pts
7Lea County42.4+1.2 pts
8De Baca County35.5-6.2 pts
9Hidalgo County32.7-2.4 pts
10Chaves County31.8+0.5 pts
11Taos County28.8-3.1 pts
12Santa Fe County26.2-2 pts
13Valencia County25.1-0.4 pts
14Curry County24.4+0.4 pts
15Eddy County24.4+0.3 pts
16Socorro County23.1-3.6 pts
17Harding County22-4.2 pts
18Otero County21.2+0.6 pts
19Bernalillo County21-0.9 pts
20Grant County20.9-2.1 pts
21Roosevelt County20.9-3.1 pts
22Quay County20.2+1.4 pts
23Union County19.7+0.4 pts
24Sierra County19.1-0.1 pts
25Lincoln County18.7+2.8 pts
26Torrance County18.3-2.3 pts
27Colfax County16.1-1 pts
28Catron County14.7+0.8 pts
29Sandoval County14.4-0.7 pts
30Cibola County13.8-6.4 pts
31San Juan County9.5+0.3 pts
32Los Alamos County7.4+0.3 pts
33McKinley County5.4-0.2 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

People aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of all people aged 5 and over. United States: American Community Survey five-year estimate, where the period shown is the last year of the five-year span.

Measures the language used at home, not English ability or Hispanic origin. Hispanic origin is hispanic_share.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the counties are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs (Counties in New Mexico by population speaking Spanish at home, 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat

MLA 9

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, Counties in New Mexico by population speaking Spanish at home, 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 29 Jan. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/spanish-spoken-at-home/new-mexico-counties?period=2023. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs. Counties in New Mexico by population speaking Spanish at home, 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/spanish-spoken-at-home/new-mexico-counties?period=2023.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs, Counties in New Mexico by population speaking Spanish at home, 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/spanish-spoken-at-home/new-mexico-counties?period=2023 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_counties_in_new_mexico_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs: Counties in New Mexico by population speaking Spanish at home, 2023}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/spanish-spoken-at-home/new-mexico-counties?period=2023. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary\_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs: Counties in New Mexico by population speaking Spanish at home, 2023
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/01/29
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/spanish-spoken-at-home/new-mexico-counties?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/spanish-spoken-at-home/new-mexico-counties?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-c16001.dat. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which county has the highest population speaking Spanish at home?

Luna County, with 51.5% in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which county has the lowest population speaking Spanish at home?

McKinley County, with 5.4% in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, table C16001: people aged 5 and over who speak Spanish at home, as a percentage of the population aged 5 and over, calculated with stored inputs. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Population speaking Spanish at home: other rankings

Counties in New Mexico: more rankings