Data / Rankings / Population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain) / Provinces of Spain

Provinces of Spain by population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain)

Almería province had the highest population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain) of 52 provinces in 2023, at 26.3%. Navarre province had the lowest, at 11.1%. The median was 17.2% and the figure for Spain was 15.4%. Source: INE.

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Highest26.3Almería province
Lowest11.1Navarre province
Median17.252 provinces
Spain15.4History

Map of provinces, 2023

Álava province: 12.8 %Albacete province: 18.8 %Alicante province: 19.1 %Almería province: 26.3 %Ávila province: 18.3 %Badajoz province: 17.9 %Balearic Islands province: 13.2 %Barcelona province: 12.8 %Burgos province: 17 %Cáceres province: 19.4 %Cádiz province: 16.8 %Castellón province: 13.7 %Ciudad Real province: 19.8 %Córdoba province: 17.4 %A Coruña province: 18.2 %Cuenca province: 24.4 %Girona province: 15.5 %Granada province: 15.9 %Guadalajara province: 14.2 %Gipuzkoa province: 12.3 %Huelva province: 18.6 %Huesca province: 16.5 %Jaén province: 17.9 %León province: 18 %Lleida province: 15.2 %La Rioja province: 16 %Lugo province: 24.5 %Madrid province: 11.6 %Málaga province: 18.5 %Murcia province: 19.7 %Navarre province: 11.1 %Ourense province: 25.2 %Asturias province: 14.7 %Palencia province: 17 %Las Palmas province: 17.2 %Pontevedra province: 18.3 %Salamanca province: 16.6 %Santa Cruz de Tenerife province: 18.5 %Cantabria province: 11.4 %Segovia province: 17.2 %Seville province: 15.4 %Soria province: 17.8 %Tarragona province: 14.5 %Teruel province: 18.3 %Toledo province: 18.7 %Valencia province: 13.4 %Valladolid province: 15 %Biscay province: 11.3 %Zamora province: 20.6 %Zaragoza province: 13.1 %Ceuta province: 21.2 %Melilla province: 23.6 %
  • Under 13
  • 13 to 16
  • 16 to 17
  • 17 to 18
  • 18 to 20
  • 20 and over
%, 2023. Source: Invokely calculation with data from INE. Boundaries: Natural Earth (public domain).

All provinces, 2023

Almería province: 26.3 %Almería province26.3Ourense province: 25.2 %Ourense province25.2Lugo province: 24.5 %Lugo province24.5Cuenca province: 24.4 %Cuenca province24.4Melilla province: 23.6 %Melilla province23.6Ceuta province: 21.2 %Ceuta province21.2Zamora province: 20.6 %Zamora province20.6Ciudad Real province: 19.8 %Ciudad Real province19.8Murcia province: 19.7 %Murcia province19.7Cáceres province: 19.4 %Cáceres province19.4Alicante province: 19.1 %Alicante province19.1Albacete province: 18.8 %Albacete province18.8Toledo province: 18.7 %Toledo province18.7Huelva province: 18.6 %Huelva province18.6Málaga province: 18.5 %Málaga province18.5Santa Cruz de Tenerife province: 18.5 %Santa Cruz de Tenerife province18.5Pontevedra province: 18.3 %Pontevedra province18.3Ávila province: 18.3 %Ávila province18.3Teruel province: 18.3 %Teruel province18.3A Coruña province: 18.2 %A Coruña province18.2León province: 18 %León province18Badajoz province: 17.9 %Badajoz province17.9Jaén province: 17.9 %Jaén province17.9Soria province: 17.8 %Soria province17.8Córdoba province: 17.4 %Córdoba province17.4Las Palmas province: 17.2 %Las Palmas province17.2Segovia province: 17.2 %Segovia province17.2Palencia province: 17 %Palencia province17Burgos province: 17 %Burgos province17Cádiz province: 16.8 %Cádiz province16.8Salamanca province: 16.6 %Salamanca province16.6Huesca province: 16.5 %Huesca province16.5La Rioja province: 16 %La Rioja province16Granada province: 15.9 %Granada province15.9Girona province: 15.5 %Girona province15.5Seville province: 15.4 %Seville province15.4Lleida province: 15.2 %Lleida province15.2Valladolid province: 15 %Valladolid province15Asturias province: 14.7 %Asturias province14.7Tarragona province: 14.5 %Tarragona province14.5Guadalajara province: 14.2 %Guadalajara province14.2Castellón province: 13.7 %Castellón province13.7Valencia province: 13.4 %Valencia province13.4Balearic Islands province: 13.2 %Balearic Islands province13.2Zaragoza province: 13.1 %Zaragoza province13.1Barcelona province: 12.8 %Barcelona province12.8Álava province: 12.8 %Álava province12.8Gipuzkoa province: 12.3 %Gipuzkoa province12.3Madrid province: 11.6 %Madrid province11.6Cantabria province: 11.4 %Cantabria province11.4Biscay province: 11.3 %Biscay province11.3Navarre province: 11.1 %Navarre province11.1Almería province: 26.3 %Almería province26.3Ourense province: 25.2 %Ourense province25.2Lugo province: 24.5 %Lugo province24.5Cuenca province: 24.4 %Cuenca province24.4Melilla province: 23.6 %Melilla province23.6Ceuta province: 21.2 %Ceuta province21.2Zamora province: 20.6 %Zamora province20.6Ciudad Real province: 19.8 %Ciudad Real province19.8Murcia province: 19.7 %Murcia province19.7Cáceres province: 19.4 %Cáceres province19.4Alicante province: 19.1 %Alicante province19.1Albacete province: 18.8 %Albacete province18.8Toledo province: 18.7 %Toledo province18.7Huelva province: 18.6 %Huelva province18.6Málaga province: 18.5 %Málaga province18.5Santa Cruz de Tenerife province: 18.5 %Santa Cruz de Tenerife province18.5Pontevedra province: 18.3 %Pontevedra province18.3Ávila province: 18.3 %Ávila province18.3Teruel province: 18.3 %Teruel province18.3A Coruña province: 18.2 %A Coruña province18.2León province: 18 %León province18Badajoz province: 17.9 %Badajoz province17.9Jaén province: 17.9 %Jaén province17.9Soria province: 17.8 %Soria province17.8Córdoba province: 17.4 %Córdoba province17.4Las Palmas province: 17.2 %Las Palmas province17.2Segovia province: 17.2 %Segovia province17.2Palencia province: 17 %Palencia province17Burgos province: 17 %Burgos province17Cádiz province: 16.8 %Cádiz province16.8Salamanca province: 16.6 %Salamanca province16.6Huesca province: 16.5 %Huesca province16.5La Rioja province: 16 %La Rioja province16Granada province: 15.9 %Granada province15.9Girona province: 15.5 %Girona province15.5Seville province: 15.4 %Seville province15.4Lleida province: 15.2 %Lleida province15.2Valladolid province: 15 %Valladolid province15Asturias province: 14.7 %Asturias province14.7Tarragona province: 14.5 %Tarragona province14.5Guadalajara province: 14.2 %Guadalajara province14.2Castellón province: 13.7 %Castellón province13.7Valencia province: 13.4 %Valencia province13.4Balearic Islands province: 13.2 %Balearic Islands province13.2Zaragoza province: 13.1 %Zaragoza province13.1Barcelona province: 12.8 %Barcelona province12.8Álava province: 12.8 %Álava province12.8Gipuzkoa province: 12.3 %Gipuzkoa province12.3Madrid province: 11.6 %Madrid province11.6Cantabria province: 11.4 %Cantabria province11.4Biscay province: 11.3 %Biscay province11.3Navarre province: 11.1 %Navarre province11.1
%. Source: Invokely calculation with data from INE. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankProvinces2023 (%)Change on 2022
1Almería province26.3-0.4 pts
2Ourense province25.2-1 pts
3Lugo province24.5-1.1 pts
4Cuenca province24.4-0.6 pts
5Melilla province23.6-0.2 pts
6Ceuta province21.2-0.6 pts
7Zamora province20.6-0.8 pts
8Ciudad Real province19.8-0.7 pts
9Murcia province19.7-0.4 pts
10Cáceres province19.4-0.8 pts
11Alicante province19.1-0.2 pts
12Albacete province18.8-0.7 pts
13Toledo province18.7-0.4 pts
14Huelva province18.6-0.3 pts
15Málaga province18.5-0.5 pts
16Santa Cruz de Tenerife province18.5-0.6 pts
17Pontevedra province18.3-0.7 pts
18Ávila province18.3-0.7 pts
19Teruel province18.3-0.9 pts
20A Coruña province18.2-0.8 pts
21León province18-0.8 pts
22Badajoz province17.9-0.8 pts
23Jaén province17.9-0.8 pts
24Soria province17.8-0.7 pts
25Córdoba province17.4-0.8 pts
26Las Palmas province17.2-0.4 pts
27Segovia province17.2-0.6 pts
28Palencia province17-0.7 pts
29Burgos province17-0.6 pts
30Cádiz province16.8-0.6 pts
31Salamanca province16.6-0.9 pts
32Huesca province16.5-0.5 pts
33La Rioja province16-0.6 pts
34Granada province15.9-0.6 pts
35Girona province15.5-0.4 pts
36Seville province15.4-0.6 pts
37Lleida province15.2-0.4 pts
38Valladolid province15-0.6 pts
39Asturias province14.7-0.8 pts
40Tarragona province14.5-0.5 pts
41Guadalajara province14.2-0.3 pts
42Castellón province13.7-0.6 pts
43Valencia province13.4-0.6 pts
44Balearic Islands province13.2-0.4 pts
45Zaragoza province13.1-0.5 pts
46Barcelona province12.8-0.6 pts
47Álava province12.8-0.6 pts
48Gipuzkoa province12.3-0.7 pts
49Madrid province11.6-0.5 pts
50Cantabria province11.4-0.6 pts
51Biscay province11.3-0.6 pts
52Navarre province11.1-0.4 pts

Other periods

About this ranking

Residents aged 15 and over whose highest completed level is primary education or less (including people with no formal education, ISCED 0 and 1), as a percentage of all residents aged 15 and over, on 1 January. INE annual census.

Spain only, down to every municipality, from 2021. High in municipalities with older populations.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the provinces are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

Invokely calculation from Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#primary_or_less_share_15_plus. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

Invokely calculated this figure from the publishers' data, so Invokely is the author and the publishers of the inputs are named.

APA 7

Invokely. (n.d.). Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE) (Provinces of Spain by population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain), 2023) [Data set]. Calculated from data by INE. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#primary_or_less_share_15_plus

MLA 9

Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE), Provinces of Spain by population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain), 2023. Calculated from data by INE. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#primary_or_less_share_15_plus. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

Invokely. n.d. Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE). Provinces of Spain by population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain), 2023. Dataset. Calculated from data by INE. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#primary_or_less_share_15_plus.

Harvard

Invokely (no date) Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE), Provinces of Spain by population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain), 2023 [Dataset]. Calculated from data by INE. Available at: https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#primary_or_less_share_15_plus (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{invokely_provinces_of_spain_by_2023,
  author = {{Invokely}},
  title = {{Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE): Provinces of Spain by population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain), 2023}},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#primary_or_less_share_15_plus},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Calculated from data by INE. Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/primary-education-or-less-share-spain/spain-provinces?period=2023. Publisher attribution: Invokely calculation from Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology\#primary\_or\_less\_share\_15\_plus. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - Invokely
TI  - Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE): Provinces of Spain by population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain), 2023
PB  - Invokely
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#primary_or_less_share_15_plus
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/primary-education-or-less-share-spain/spain-provinces?period=2023
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Calculated from data by INE.
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/primary-education-or-less-share-spain/spain-provinces?period=2023.
N1  - Publisher attribution: Invokely calculation from Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE). https://invokely.ai/docs/methodology#primary_or_less_share_15_plus. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which province has the highest population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain)?

Almería province, with 26.3% in 2023, according to INE.

Which province has the lowest population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain)?

Navarre province, with 11.1% in 2023.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: Invokely, Población de 15 y más años con educación primaria o inferior entre población de 15 y más años (Censo anual, INE). Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Population with primary education or less, aged 15 and over (Spain): other rankings

Provinces of Spain: more rankings