Data / Rankings / Nonemployer businesses: manufacturing / US states

US states by nonemployer businesses: manufacturing

California had the highest nonemployer businesses: manufacturing of 51 states in 2019, at 45,211. District of Columbia had the lowest, at 269. The median was 4,601 and the figure for the United States was 354,198. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Highest45,211California
Lowest269District of Columbia
Median4,60151 states
United States354,198History

Map of states, 2019

Alabama: 4,820 countAlaska: 1,198 countArizona: 7,344 countArkansas: 2,752 countCalifornia: 45,211 countColorado: 7,586 countConnecticut: 3,373 countDelaware: 818 countDistrict of Columbia: 269 countFlorida: 26,252 countGeorgia: 11,556 countHawaii: 1,950 countIdaho: 2,972 countIllinois: 10,191 countIndiana: 6,898 countIowa: 3,075 countKansas: 2,962 countKentucky: 4,017 countLouisiana: 4,699 countMaine: 2,290 countMaryland: 4,601 countMassachusetts: 6,011 countMichigan: 12,148 countMinnesota: 7,143 countMississippi: 2,804 countMissouri: 5,980 countMontana: 2,150 countNebraska: 1,586 countNevada: 2,948 countNew Hampshire: 1,979 countNew Jersey: 6,849 countNew Mexico: 2,716 countNew York: 17,940 countNorth Carolina: 10,611 countNorth Dakota: 751 countOhio: 13,194 countOklahoma: 4,300 countOregon: 6,901 countPennsylvania: 13,870 countRhode Island: 1,071 countSouth Carolina: 4,707 countSouth Dakota: 1,045 countTennessee: 6,384 countTexas: 36,363 countUtah: 4,578 countVermont: 1,761 countVirginia: 6,170 countWashington: 8,082 countWest Virginia: 1,176 countWisconsin: 7,105 countWyoming: 1,041 count
  • Under 1,600
  • 1,600 to 2,900
  • 2,900 to 4,600
  • 4,600 to 6,900
  • 6,900 to 10K
  • 10K and over
count, 2019. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2019

California: 45,211 countCalifornia45,211Texas: 36,363 countTexas36,363Florida: 26,252 countFlorida26,252New York: 17,940 countNew York17,940Pennsylvania: 13,870 countPennsylvania13,870Ohio: 13,194 countOhio13,194Michigan: 12,148 countMichigan12,148Georgia: 11,556 countGeorgia11,556North Carolina: 10,611 countNorth Carolina10,611Illinois: 10,191 countIllinois10,191Washington: 8,082 countWashington8,082Colorado: 7,586 countColorado7,586Arizona: 7,344 countArizona7,344Minnesota: 7,143 countMinnesota7,143Wisconsin: 7,105 countWisconsin7,105Oregon: 6,901 countOregon6,901Indiana: 6,898 countIndiana6,898New Jersey: 6,849 countNew Jersey6,849Tennessee: 6,384 countTennessee6,384Virginia: 6,170 countVirginia6,170Massachusetts: 6,011 countMassachusetts6,011Missouri: 5,980 countMissouri5,980Alabama: 4,820 countAlabama4,820South Carolina: 4,707 countSouth Carolina4,707Louisiana: 4,699 countLouisiana4,699Maryland: 4,601 countMaryland4,601Utah: 4,578 countUtah4,578Oklahoma: 4,300 countOklahoma4,300Kentucky: 4,017 countKentucky4,017Connecticut: 3,373 countConnecticut3,373Iowa: 3,075 countIowa3,075Idaho: 2,972 countIdaho2,972Kansas: 2,962 countKansas2,962Nevada: 2,948 countNevada2,948Mississippi: 2,804 countMississippi2,804Arkansas: 2,752 countArkansas2,752New Mexico: 2,716 countNew Mexico2,716Maine: 2,290 countMaine2,290Montana: 2,150 countMontana2,150New Hampshire: 1,979 countNew Hampshire1,979Hawaii: 1,950 countHawaii1,950Vermont: 1,761 countVermont1,761Nebraska: 1,586 countNebraska1,586Alaska: 1,198 countAlaska1,198West Virginia: 1,176 countWest Virginia1,176Rhode Island: 1,071 countRhode Island1,071South Dakota: 1,045 countSouth Dakota1,045Wyoming: 1,041 countWyoming1,041Delaware: 818 countDelaware818North Dakota: 751 countNorth Dakota751District of Columbia: 269 countDistrict of Columbia269California: 45,211 countCalifornia45,211Texas: 36,363 countTexas36,363Florida: 26,252 countFlorida26,252New York: 17,940 countNew York17,940Pennsylvania: 13,870 countPennsylvania13,870Ohio: 13,194 countOhio13,194Michigan: 12,148 countMichigan12,148Georgia: 11,556 countGeorgia11,556North Carolina: 10,611 countNorth Carolina10,611Illinois: 10,191 countIllinois10,191Washington: 8,082 countWashington8,082Colorado: 7,586 countColorado7,586Arizona: 7,344 countArizona7,344Minnesota: 7,143 countMinnesota7,143Wisconsin: 7,105 countWisconsin7,105Oregon: 6,901 countOregon6,901Indiana: 6,898 countIndiana6,898New Jersey: 6,849 countNew Jersey6,849Tennessee: 6,384 countTennessee6,384Virginia: 6,170 countVirginia6,170Massachusetts: 6,011 countMassachusetts6,011Missouri: 5,980 countMissouri5,980Alabama: 4,820 countAlabama4,820South Carolina: 4,707 countSouth Carolina4,707Louisiana: 4,699 countLouisiana4,699Maryland: 4,601 countMaryland4,601Utah: 4,578 countUtah4,578Oklahoma: 4,300 countOklahoma4,300Kentucky: 4,017 countKentucky4,017Connecticut: 3,373 countConnecticut3,373Iowa: 3,075 countIowa3,075Idaho: 2,972 countIdaho2,972Kansas: 2,962 countKansas2,962Nevada: 2,948 countNevada2,948Mississippi: 2,804 countMississippi2,804Arkansas: 2,752 countArkansas2,752New Mexico: 2,716 countNew Mexico2,716Maine: 2,290 countMaine2,290Montana: 2,150 countMontana2,150New Hampshire: 1,979 countNew Hampshire1,979Hawaii: 1,950 countHawaii1,950Vermont: 1,761 countVermont1,761Nebraska: 1,586 countNebraska1,586Alaska: 1,198 countAlaska1,198West Virginia: 1,176 countWest Virginia1,176Rhode Island: 1,071 countRhode Island1,071South Dakota: 1,045 countSouth Dakota1,045Wyoming: 1,041 countWyoming1,041Delaware: 818 countDelaware818North Dakota: 751 countNorth Dakota751District of Columbia: 269 countDistrict of Columbia269
count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

RankStates2019
count		Change on 2018
1California45,211-1.9%
2Texas36,363+1.7%
3Florida26,252+3%
4New York17,940-1%
5Pennsylvania13,870-1.6%
6Ohio13,194-1.1%
7Michigan12,148-0.5%
8Georgia11,556+5.2%
9North Carolina10,611+1.6%
10Illinois10,191-0.5%
11Washington8,082-3.6%
12Colorado7,586-0.3%
13Arizona7,344+3.5%
14Minnesota7,143-3.7%
15Wisconsin7,105-3.4%
16Oregon6,901-3.7%
17Indiana6,898+0.1%
18New Jersey6,849+0.1%
19Tennessee6,384+0.9%
20Virginia6,170+0.2%
21Massachusetts6,011-2.5%
22Missouri5,980-3.6%
23Alabama4,820+3.4%
24South Carolina4,707+4.1%
25Louisiana4,699+2%
26Maryland4,601+2.4%
27Utah4,578+2%
28Oklahoma4,300+2.6%
29Kentucky4,017-0.3%
30Connecticut3,373-1.3%
31Iowa3,075-0.4%
32Idaho2,972+2.6%
33Kansas2,962+1.5%
34Nevada2,948+7.9%
35Mississippi2,804+3.5%
36Arkansas2,752-1.6%
37New Mexico2,716-2.1%
38Maine2,290-4.2%
39Montana2,150+2%
40New Hampshire1,979-5%
41Hawaii1,950-4.1%
42Vermont1,761-6.1%
43Nebraska1,586-1.6%
44Alaska1,198-0.1%
45West Virginia1,176-2.2%
46Rhode Island1,071-0.4%
47South Dakota1,045+3.4%
48Wyoming1,041+5%
49Delaware818+10.8%
50North Dakota751-2.6%
51District of Columbia269-8.5%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2026). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: manufacturing, 2019) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: manufacturing, 2019. U.S. Census Bureau, 8 Oct. 2026, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-manufacturing/us-states?period=2019. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2026. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: manufacturing, 2019. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-manufacturing/us-states?period=2019.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2026) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: manufacturing, 2019 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-manufacturing/us-states?period=2019 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2019,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: manufacturing, 2019}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-manufacturing/us-states?period=2019. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: manufacturing, 2019
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-manufacturing/us-states?period=2019
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-manufacturing/us-states?period=2019.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2019/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: manufacturing?

California, with 45,211 in 2019, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: manufacturing?

District of Columbia, with 269 in 2019.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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