US states by nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services

Texas had the highest nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services of 51 states in 2022, at 79,817. North Dakota had the lowest, at 1,120. The median was 6,691 and the figure for the United States was 624,030. Source: the U.S. Census Bureau.

Highest79,817Texas

Lowest1,120North Dakota

Median6,69151 states

United States624,030History

Map of states, 2022

Under 2,000
2,000 to 3,900
3,900 to 6,700
6,700 to 11K
11K to 18K
18K and over

count, 2022. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms. Boundaries: U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files.

All states, 2022

count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Full ranking

Rank	States	2022 count	Change on 2021
1	Texas Series break	79,817	+10.5%
2	California Series break	67,157	+6.1%
3	Florida Series break	62,237	+13.5%
4	New York Series break	37,187	+17.6%
5	Georgia Series break	31,278	+9.8%
6	Illinois Series break	21,048	-9.4%
7	Pennsylvania Series break	18,446	+7.5%
8	North Carolina Series break	18,400	+12.4%
9	Ohio Series break	18,252	+4.2%
10	Michigan Series break	17,774	+8.1%
11	New Jersey Series break	16,417	+17.7%
12	Tennessee Series break	15,870	+12.9%
13	Virginia Series break	14,374	+9.9%
14	Louisiana Series break	13,419	+5%
15	Maryland Series break	12,083	+15.6%
16	Arizona Series break	11,225	+9.5%
17	Colorado Series break	10,525	+6.4%
18	South Carolina Series break	10,492	+9.4%
19	Alabama Series break	9,535	+8.6%
20	Indiana Series break	9,381	+4.9%
21	Washington Series break	9,340	+11.8%
22	Missouri Series break	9,093	+8.2%
23	Massachusetts Series break	8,512	+15%
24	Wisconsin Series break	8,023	+2.7%
25	Mississippi Series break	7,587	+10.7%
26	Oregon Series break	6,691	+5.4%
27	Minnesota Series break	6,529	+1.5%
28	Oklahoma Series break	6,513	+8.1%
29	Arkansas Series break	6,200	+12.5%
30	Kentucky Series break	6,193	+12%
31	Nevada Series break	5,606	+8.9%
32	Connecticut Series break	5,201	+10.6%
33	Utah Series break	4,509	+12.4%
34	Iowa Series break	4,033	+5.7%
35	Kansas Series break	3,745	+7.6%
36	New Mexico Series break	3,123	+9.7%
37	Idaho Series break	2,930	+13.2%
38	Hawaii Series break	2,809	+12.6%
39	Nebraska Series break	2,583	+10.2%
40	Maine Series break	2,244	+13.7%
41	Montana Series break	2,226	+8.8%
42	Alaska Series break	2,147	+4.7%
43	West Virginia Series break	1,890	+6.3%
44	New Hampshire Series break	1,675	+9%
45	District of Columbia Series break	1,568	+24.1%
46	Delaware Series break	1,528	+9.8%
47	Rhode Island Series break	1,464	+5.4%
48	South Dakota Series break	1,447	+8.5%
49	Vermont Series break	1,362	+5.7%
50	Wyoming Series break	1,222	+19.2%
51	North Dakota Series break	1,120	+7.2%

Other periods

About this ranking

Number of businesses without paid employees in accommodation and food services (hotels, restaurants and bars) (NAICS 72), from the U.S. Census Bureau Nonemployer Statistics.

Nonemployer Statistics: businesses with no paid employees that are subject to federal income tax, mostly the self-employed, counted from tax records, with receipts above small minimum amounts. Census says some years are not comparable with earlier ones, and they are marked as series breaks: 2018 in every sector (businesses were reclassified from their descriptions, which moved many out of other services), 2022 in every sector (new receipts cutoffs) and 2017 in utilities (the same reclassification). Most nonemployers are sole proprietors whose business may be a side activity. Published about 18 months after the reference year.

Every value in the ranking comes from the same publisher and the same period, so the states are compared on one definition. Equal values share a rank.

How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2022/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2024). Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms (US states by nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services, 2022) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2022/historical-datasets/

MLA 9

Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services, 2022. U.S. Census Bureau, 12 Dec. 2024, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2022/historical-datasets/. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-accommodation-food-services/us-states?period=2022. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2024. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms. US states by nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services, 2022. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2022/historical-datasets/. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-accommodation-food-services/us-states?period=2022.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2024) Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms, US states by nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services, 2022 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2022/historical-datasets/, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-accommodation-food-services/us-states?period=2022 (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX

@misc{census_us_states_by_nonemployer_2022,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services, 2022}},
  year = {2024},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2022/historical-datasets/},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-accommodation-food-services/us-states?period=2022. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2022/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}

RIS

TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms: US states by nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services, 2022
PY  - 2024
DA  - 2024/12/12
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2022/historical-datasets/
L2  - https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-accommodation-food-services/us-states?period=2022
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/rankings/nonemployer-businesses-accommodation-food-services/us-states?period=2022.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/nonemployer-statistics/datasets/2022/historical-datasets/. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -

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Questions

Which state has the highest nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services?

Texas, with 79,817 in 2022, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Which state has the lowest nonemployer businesses: accommodation and food services?

North Dakota, with 1,120 in 2022.

Where does this ranking come from?

Every value comes from one source and one period, so the places are comparable: U.S. Census Bureau, Nonemployer Statistics, state and US files: establishments (ESTAB), accommodation and food services (NAICS 72), all legal forms. Retrieved 2026-10-12.